Piracy CulturesEditorial Introduction MANUEL CASTELLS 1 University of Southern California GUSTAVO CARDOSO Lisbon University Institute (ISCTE-IUL) What are "Piracy Cultures"? Usually, we look at media consumption starting from a media industry definition. We look at TV, radio, newspapers, games, Internet, and media content in general, all departing from the idea that the access to such content is made available through the payment of a license fee or subscription, or simply because its either paid or available for free (being supported by advertisements or under a "freemium" business model). That is, we look at content and the way people interact with it within a given system of thought that sees content and its distribution channels as the product of relationships between media companies, organizations, and individualseffectively, a commercial relationship of a contractual kind, with accordant rights and obligations. But what if, for a moment, we turned our attention to the empirical evidence of media consumption practice, not just in Asia, Africa, and South America, but also all over Europe and North America? All over the world, we are witnessing a growing number of people building media relationships outside those institutionalized sets of rules. We do not intend to discuss whether we are dealing with legal or illegal practices; our launching point for this analysis is that, when a very significant proportion of the population is building its mediation through alternative channels of obtaining content, such behavior should be studied in order to deepen our knowledge of media cultures. Because we need a title to characterize those cultures in all their diversitybut at the same time, in their commonplacenesswe propose to call it "Piracy Cultures.
In the Network Society the development of a new communicational model has been taking shape. A communicational model characterized by the fusion of interpersonal communication and mass communication, connecting audiences and broadcasters under a hypertextual matrix linking several media devices. The Networked Communication model is the informational societies communication model. A model that must be understood also in its needed literacies for building our media diets, media matrixes and on how it's changing the way autonomy is managed and citizenship exercised in the Information Age. In this book Gustavo Cardoso develops an analysis that, focusing on the last decade, takes us from Europe to North America and from South America to Asia, combining under the framework of the Network Society a broad range of scientific perspectives from Media Studies to Political Science and Social Movements theory to Sociology of Communication.
In Brazil, the United States, and the South American Subsystem: Regional Politics and the Absent Empire, Carlos Gustavo Poggio Teixeira challenges several typical assumptions on U.S.-Latin American relations, beginning by questioning the very usefulness of the concept of Latin America for the field of international relations. Instead of concentrating upon the instances when the United States pursued imperial policies in Latin America, this study seeks to explain the instances when it did not. Teixeira accomplishes this by shifting the focus of the research from the United States to Brazil and the regional dynamics of South America. Brazil, the United States, and the South American Subsystem is a unique investigation of how Brazil has been a status quo power in the region, increasing the benefits of limited U.S. involvement in South American affairs.
Gusatvo Flores-Macias' After Neoliberalism? offers the first systemic explanation of why the ever-popular left-wing governments in Latin American countries have become extremely radical or moderate once in power.
This groundbreaking book provides a balanced and organized discussion of the interactions of food science and biotechnology at the molecular and industrial levels. Carefully selected and reviewed contributions stress the aspects of modern bioprocessing, analysis, and quality control that are common to both food science and biotechnology. The detail
This book connects the work of US private foundations, the US government, and Brazilian intellectuals to explore how they worked collaboratively to address racial disparities in Brazil during the Cold War. It reveals not only how anti-racism was promoted during this period, shaping the political and academic agenda, but also the importance of American foundations, especially the Rockefeller and Ford Foundations, in the process. Drawing on a vast array of archival and published sources from Brazil, the United States, and around the world, the book investigates the making of transnational connections and networks that sought to respond to the "race problem", seen as an increasingly dangerous threat to the liberal international order. This book is especially relevant to the areas of Race Studies, Social Sciences, Latin-American Studies, Political Science and History, particularly the History of Sociology and Anthropology, as well as to studies about the role of American foundations in the Cold War period. It will also be of interest to activists, social scientists, economists, historians, journalists, NGOs, and INGOs.
A Latin American critical sociology perspective on religion -- Historical context -- Respondents' religious and social landscape -- Latin Americans' god -- Latin Americans' ways of praying -- Religion in Latin America's public sphere.
This book examines the vibrant field of documentary filmmaking in Brazil from the transition to democracy in 1985 to the present. Marked by significant efforts toward the democratization of Brazil's highly unequal society, this period also witnessed the documentary's rise to unprecedented vitality in quantity, quality, and diversity of production-which includes polished auteur films as well as rough-hewn collaborative works, films made in major metropolitan regions as well as in indigenous villages and in remote parts of the Amazon, intimate first-person documentaries as well as films that dive headfirst into struggles for social justice. The transformations of Brazilian society and of filmmaking coalesce and become entangled in this cinema's preoccupation with archives. Historically linked to the exercise and maintenance of power, the concept of the archive is critical for the documentary as a cultural practice that preserves images from the present for the future, unearths and repurposes visual materials from the past, and is historically invested in filmic images as records of the real. Contemporary films incorporate, reflect on, and rework a variety of archives, such as documents produced by official institutions, ethnographic images, home movies, and photo albums-and engage not only with what is preserved but also with lacunas in the record and with alternate forms of remembering, retrieving, and transmitting the past. Through its interaction with archives, this book argues, the contemporary documentary reflects on and intervenes in the distribution of visibilities and invisibilities, centers and margins, silences and speech, living memory and its preservation in the record-thus locating the documentary on archival borders that concern Brazilian society and filmmaking alike.
With the increased incidence of HPV-related genital diseases, including premalignant and malignant penile lesions, urologists and practitioners in general face numerous difficult challenges when attempting to diagnose genital lesions correctly. Despite the importance of genital lesions in the male, there are few books on the subject in the English medical literature. Male Genital Lesions will serve as an invaluable aid to the differential diagnosis of sexually transmitted infections, benign dermatological genital lesions, and premalignant and malignant genital disorders. More than 700 high-definition full-color figures of common disease presentations are included, with legends describing real clinical cases. The illustrations are supported by a concise, up-to-date text that describes etiology, pathology, clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, and treatment options for the individual diseases.
Critical Issues in International Financial Reform addresses weaknesses of the current international financial system and potential beneficial reforms. The focus is on the countries of Latin America and the Caribbean, but the authors also take into account relevant lessons from the experience of Canada, a country highly integrated into world and hemispheric trade and financial markets. Critical Issues offers a new perspective on a discussion too often dominated by interest groups that take strong, even rigid, positions on issues with limited understanding of the technical aspects of the issues, and little concern for the interests of the developing world. Its chapters have been written by experts in the economic, political, and social aspects of the international financial integration of developing countries. Financial crises and their associated social and economic traumas are the most apparent symptom that something is amiss in the process of world economic integration. But there are also broader questions about the nature and magnitude of the benefits and costs of increased international capital flows for different groups of countries in the developing and developed worlds. For example, even in the absence of turbulence, is it optimal for all participants that capital movements be as free as possible? Does capital inflow discourage domestic savings to a degree that should cause worry? Are some types of flows inherently more beneficial than others--for instance, direct investment flows versus flows into host stock markets? How can the instability of capital movements best be curtailed? These questions concern the contributors to this volume. This volume demonstrates that the evolution of the world financial system, its various problems, and what is or is not done about them require an understanding of the links among financial, economic, and political variables. Critical Issues in International Financial Reform is an important contribution to this debate, and will be of value to researchers in economic policy, history, and international politics. Albert Berry is professor of economics at the University of Toronto and research director of the Program on Latin America and the Caribbean. Gustavo Indart is special lecturer of economics and the coordinator of the Program on Latin America and the Caribbean at the University of Toronto.
For the almost 40 years of its existence, ANPOCS has contributed to introducing or consolidating new thematic areas in the academic agenda of debates in the Brazilian social sciences. Commensurate with this history, at the 37th Annual meeting, hosted in Águas de Lindoia, São Paulo, in 2013, we organized a large International Symposium, The BRICS and their social, political and cultural challenges on the national and international levels. There were six sessions of debates, gathered under the umbrella of "Development and public policies," "Social inclusion and social justice," and "Emerging powers and transformations in the international system," followed by a final plenary session. Around 30 anthropologists, political scientists, sociologists and researchers in international relations from Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa, met over three highly productive days. As might be expected at ANPOCS, the encounter was marked not only by the diversity of countries and disciplines, but also by the theoretical and political diversity of the participants, something already apparent in the composition of the Brazilian coordinators of the Symposium. This book is just one tangible outcome of the papers and dialogues emerging from this encounter. Like the Symposium, the volume is divided into three sections. Looking to address an international readership, it is published in Portuguese and English
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