Geographically close to Mexico, but surrounded by Anglo-American culture in the United States, Chicanos experience many cultural tensions and contradictions. Their lifeways are no longer identical with Mexican norms, nor are they fully assimilated to Anglo-American patterns. Coping with these tensions—knowing how much to let go of, how much to keep—is a common concern of Chicano writers, who frequently use satire as a means of testing norms and deviations from acceptable community standards. In this groundbreaking study, Guillermo Hernández focuses on the uses of satire in the works of three authors—Luis Valdez, Rolando Hinojosa, and José Montoya—and on the larger context of Chicano culture in which satire operates. Hernández looks specifically at the figures of the pocho (the assimilated Chicano) and the pachuco (the zoot-suiter, or urbanized youth). He shows how changes in their literary treatment—from simple ridicule to more understanding and respect—reflect the culture's changes in attitude toward the process of assimilation. Hernández also offers many important insights into the process of cultural definition that engaged Chicano writers during the 1960s and 1970s. He shows how the writers imaginatively and syncretically formed new norms for the Chicano experience, based on elements from both Mexican and United States culture but congruent with the historical reality of Chicanos. With its emphasis on culture change and creation, Chicano Satire will be of interest across a range of human sciences.
This book presents a new explanation of the rise, development and demise of social movements and cycles of protest in autocracies; the conditions under which protest becomes rebellion; and the impact of protest and rebellion on democratization. Focusing on poor indigenous villages in Mexico's authoritarian regime, the book shows that the spread of US Protestant missionaries and the competition for indigenous souls motivated the Catholic Church to become a major promoter of indigenous movements for land redistribution and indigenous rights. The book explains why the outbreak of local rebellions, the transformation of indigenous claims for land into demands for ethnic autonomy and self-determination, and the threat of a generalized social uprising motivated national elites to democratize. Drawing on an original dataset of indigenous collective action and on extensive fieldwork, the empirical analysis of the book combines quantitative evidence with case studies and life histories.
One of the most surprising developments in Mexico's transition to democracy is the outbreak of criminal wars and large-scale criminal violence. Why did Mexican drug cartels go to war as the country transitioned away from one-party rule? And why have criminal wars proliferated as democracy has consolidated and elections have become more competitive subnationally? In Votes, Drugs, and Violence, Guillermo Trejo and Sandra Ley develop a political theory of criminal violence in weak democracies that elucidates how democratic politics and the fragmentation of power fundamentally shape cartels' incentives for war and peace. Drawing on in-depth case studies and statistical analysis spanning more than two decades and multiple levels of government, Trejo and Ley show that electoral competition and partisan conflict were key drivers of the outbreak of Mexico's crime wars, the intensification of violence, and the expansion of war and violence to the spheres of local politics and civil society.
This book is a collection of more than thirty essays by renowned scholars, historians, journalists, and media professionals that portray the experience of Cubans exiled in the United States and other countries in the last sixty years.
What Do We Know About Globalization: Issues of Poverty & Income Distribution examines the two fundamental arguments that are often raised against globalization: that it produces inequality and that it increases poverty. A lively and accessible argument about the impact and consequences of globalization from a leading figure in economics - Dehesa is Chairman of the Centre for Economic Policy Research and a member of the Group of Thirty Demonstrates the ways in which wealthy nations and developing countries alike have failed to implement changes that would result in a reversal of these social ills Dispels the notion of the so-called 'victim of globalization', demonstrating how, despite popular belief, acceleration of globalization actually stands to reduce the levels of poverty and inequality worldwide Asks whether increased technological, economic, and cultural change can save us from international income inequality, and by extension, further violence, terrorism and war
An examination of Liquidity Crunch in triggering and characterizing financial crises. Since the subprime mortgage crisis that began in 2007, advanced economies have felt a nagging sense of insecurity. In parallel, the profession has witnessed phenomena that are alien to mainstream macroeconomic models. Financial crises are systemic, occurring simultaneously in different economies. In this book, Guillermo Calvo focuses on liquidity factors as a commonality in financial crises. Specifically, he examines the role of “liquidity crunch” in triggering crises. He also identifies a fundamental (but overlooked) idea in Keynes's General Theory, termed by Calvo the price theory of money, to rationalize the resiliency of the U.S. dollar when other dollar-backed assets suffered a devastating liquidity crunch. Calvo shows that a sharp focus on liquidity reveals some characteristics of liquid assets that are easy to miss otherwise. He argues for liquidity's centrality, presenting what he calls the Liquidity Approach. He shows that simple extensions of standard monetary models help rationalize the implications of the liquidity crunch, and then examines slightly more technical models that highlight liquidity issues. He explores the empirical effects of liquidity crunch by studying systemic sudden stops (of capital inflows), presuming that they are triggered by liquidity crunch-type phenomena.
Awarded the Jaume Vicens Vives Prize by the Spanish Association of Economic History, this study analyses the development of the Spanish domestic market from 1650 to 1800, which transformed the country from a pseudocolonial territory, politically and economically dependent on its European neighbours, to a significant European power. The Emergence of a National Market in Spain, 1650-1800 places Spain firmly in a European context, arguing that the origins of a sophisticated economy must be understood through the complex diplomacy of the period, namely the competition between Britain and France for dominance in the Iberian peninsula. It was in response to this rivalry that the Spanish state actively promoted the conditions for economic development in the 18th century, aided by autonomous commercial networks of Catalan merchants, Navarrese tradesmen and migrant French businessmen. This original interpretation by one of Spain's leading economic historians, available in English for the first time, is indispensable reading for students and scholars of Spanish history.
After the Great Depression John Maynard Keynes led the way in building a new macroeconomic framework to deal with that unprecedented economic reality. Ten years after our own crisis, however, macroeconomics has not come to terms with how to grapple with the idea of financial crises in its models. In the stylized world of macroeconomic theory, crises are not an inherent or structural element. Gary Gorton and Guillermo Ordonez, who were prominent experts to first authoritatively respond to the financial crisis of 2008 have since been working to understand what needs to change in macroeconomic models to incorporate and address financial crises. In this book Gorton and Ordonez provide an authoritative first step on how to rebuild macroeconomics in a way that can take into account financial crises, and they make a strong case that we need to rethink things at a fundamental level. In the book they bring together ten years of work on what needs to happen. Their two key ideas of what has missing are information and credit. More specifically, how information and credit interact, for example, when investors learn that certain types of debt aren't safe investments and we see bank runs. Gorton and Ordonez provide a way to model this interaction and a roadmap of how to incorporate it into a macroeconomic equilibrium"--
This is a book about language as a species-typical trait of humans. It argues that language is not so exceptional after all, as according to the authors it is just the human version of a rather common and conservative organic system that they refer to as the Central Computational Complex.
Found in an envelope in Guillermo Cabrera Infante's house after his death in 2005, Map Drawn by a Spy is the world-renowned writer's autobiographical account of the last four months he spent in his country. In 1965, following his mother's death, Infante returns to Cuba from Brussels, where he is employed as a cultural attaché at the Cuban embassy. When a few days later his permission to return to Europe is revoked, Infante begins a period of suspicion, uncertainty, and disillusion. Unable to leave the country, denied access to party officials, yet still receiving checks for his work in Belgium, Infante discovers the reality of Cuba under Fidel Castro: imprisonment of homosexuals, silencing of writers, the closing of libraries and newspapers, and the consolidation of power. Both lucid and sincere, Map Drawn by a Spy is a moving portrayal of a fractured society and a writer's struggles to come to terms with his national identity.
This book examines the links between economic growth, changing employment conditions, and the reduction of poverty in Latin America in the 2000s. Our analysis answers the following broad questions: Has economic growth resulted in gains in standards of living and reductions in poverty via improved labour market conditions in Latin America in the 2000s, and have these improvements halted or been reversed since the international crisis of 2008? How do the rate and character of economic growth, changes in the various employment and earnings indicators, and changes in poverty and inequality indicators relate to each other? Our contribution is an in-depth study of the multi-pronged growth-employment-poverty nexus based on a large number of labour market indicators (twelve employment and earnings indicators and four poverty and inequality indicators) for a large number of Latin American countries (sixteen of them). The book presents a positive and hopeful set of findings for the period 2000 to 2012/13. Economic growth took place and brought about improvements in almost all labour market indicators and consequent reductions in poverty rates. But not all improvements were equal in size or caused by the same things. Some macroeconomic factors were associated with changes in labour market conditions, some of them always in the welfare-improving direction and some others always in the welfare-reducing direction. Most countries in the region suffered a deterioration in at least some labour market indicators as a consequence of the international crisis of 2008, but the negative effects were reversed very quickly in most countries.
Venezuela is the seventh largest oil producer and holder of the largest proven reserves in the world. It’s also a country full of problems, as evidenced by having the biggest inflation rates and, by some estimates the highest crime rates worldwide. Despite having an oil boom between 2004 through 2008 with income of around two billion dollars, in 2016 it suffered an immense economic contraction and probably the largest supply shortcut crisis in its history. This third edition of Historical Dictionary of Venezuela contains a chronology, an introduction, appendixes, and an extensive bibliography. The dictionary section has over 700 cross-referenced entries on important personalities, politics, economy, foreign relations, religion, and culture. This book is an excellent resource for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more about Venezuela.
Democracy, Agency, and the State aims to contribute to a comparatively informed theory of democracy. Professor O'Donnell begins by arguing that conceptions of 'the state' and 'democracy', and their respective defining features, significantly influence each other. Using an approach that is both historical and analytical, he traces this relationship through the idea of legally sanctioned and backed agency which grounds democratic citizenship. From this standpoint he explores several aspects of the democratic regime and of the state, distinguishing four constitutive dimensions (bureaucracy, legality, focus of collective identity, and filter). He goes on to examine the role played by the idea of 'the nation' or 'the people', and the ways in which the state represents itself to different sections of society, especially in countries marred by deep inequality and pervasive poverty. Drawing on the examples of democratic and non-democratic regime, he discusses the dialogical spaces congenial to democracy, as well as examining the options that may or may not enable agency, and the complex comparative and ethical issues raised by the intersection of agency with globalization and legal pluralism.Throughout these discussions several comparative vistas are opened, especially but not exclusively toward Latin America. The book concludes by offering a justification of democracy, even of the flawed democracies that nowadays abound. Oxford Studies in Democratization is a series for scholars and students of comparative politics and related disciplines. Volumes concentrate on the comparative study of the democratization process that accompanied the decline and termination of the cold war. The geographical focus of the series is primarily Latin America, the Caribbean, Southern and Eastern Europe, and relevant experiences in Africa and Asia. The series editor is Laurence Whitehead, Official Fellow, Nuffield College, University of Oxford.
An array of internationally noted scholars examines the process of democratization in Southern Europe and Latin America. The authors provide new interpretations of both current and historical efforts of nations to end periods of authoritarian rule and to initiate transition to democracy, efforts that have met with widely varying degrees of success and failure. Extensive case studies of individual countries, a comparative overview, and a synthesis conclusions offer important insights for political scientists, students, and all concerned with the prospects for democracy. In Volume 3, despite the unique contexts of transitions in individual countries, significant points of comparison emerge — such as the influence of foreign nations and the role of agents outside the government. These analyses explore both intra- and interregional similarities and differences.
We the Cubans" by Guillermo Rodríguez Rivera is a catchy and accurate portrait of the essence of Cuban identity. The significance of being an Island; the inescapable relationship between history, society, and politics; the mix of races, religions, and cultures are analyzed here—not from an academic or traditional perspective, but from a more personal approach.
There are hundreds of books and thousands of scientific articles about the Galápagos. This volume is distinctive. The authors, Guillermo Paz-y-Miño-C and Avelina Espinosa, synthesize, integrate, and conceptualize the most recent evolutionary-biology research being conducted in the archipelago’s terrestrial and aquatic environments; the conflicts resulting from human interactions with nature, including local population growth and tourism practices in the context of short- and long-term conservation efforts; and make predictions about the destiny of the Galápagos’ unique biodiversity and landscapes under various scenarios of climate-change impacts, urbanization trends, diversification of tourism, and conservation investments. Offering over 260 figures and diagrams, this work will appeal to a broad audience, including professors in academia, college instructors, postdoctoral fellows, graduate students, and research undergraduates. Another target audience is study-abroad and international field-trip instructors and their students who travel to the Galápagos year-round. Science writers and policymakers will find in this book useful information to discuss and debate about imminent environmental threats to afflict the Galápagos as a consequence of human population growth, tourism practices, and climate change.
The Historical Dictionary of the Philippines, Third Edition contains a chronology, an introductory essay, an extensive bibliography, and several hundred cross-referenced dictionary entries.
Kin Recognition in Protists and Other Microbes is the first volume dedicated entirely to the genetics, evolution and behavior of cells capable of discriminating and recognizing taxa (other species), clones (other cell lines) and kin (as per gradual genetic proximity). It covers the advent of microbial models in the field of kin recognition; the polymorphisms of green-beard genes in social amebas, yeast and soil bacteria; the potential that unicells have to learn phenotypic cues for recognition; the role of clonality and kinship in pathogenicity (dysentery, malaria, sleeping sickness and Chagas); the social and spatial structure of microbes and their biogeography; and the relevance of unicells’ cooperation, sociality and cheating for our understanding of the origins of multicellularity. Offering over 200 figures and diagrams, this work will appeal to a broad audience, including researchers in academia, postdoctoral fellows, graduate students and research undergraduates. Science writers and college educators will also find it informative and practical for teaching.
This study book, the third in the_Forgotten Luther_series, invites congregations, with the help of five prominent church leaders and Luther scholars, to consider the new shape of global mission in today's world. Against the growing disparity in wealth and the rising tide of economic refugees throughout the world, this book reflects on Luther's_largely forgotten_social and economic reforms (to overcome poverty, lack of health care, illiteracy,_and old-age insecurity) that flowed from the central doctrine of justification by grace through faith. The book is also a call for informed engagement with partner churches in a critical area of ministry that is frequently neglected._ _This study book draws_global_implications from Luther's reforms and from the theology that shaped them. It is informed by ways in which churches in the Global South_have_moved beyond world-denying forms of pietism to address the_systemic_causes of hunger, poverty, and injustice. It is addressed to the whole church at a critical time in history as vast threats to the natural world converge with acute economic hardship for hundreds of millions of people._ Accompanied by videos of lectures and interviews, this study is designed to provide guidance for congregations who want to be actively engaged in the global mission of the church, including ways in which they can both accompany others and be accompanied_by_others on a common journey._
Diego es un hombre que injusta y falsamente ha sido involucrado con un movimiento armado que opera en el sureste de México. Señalado como un peligroso criminal será perseguido y sentenciado a morir para que con su desaparición cargue con la responsabilidad de ciertos hechos que él jamás cometió. Será el amor lo que se convertirá en su única opción de vida para enfrentar una verdad que avergonzará a toda una nación. Laura es una mujer cuya existencia ha sido marcada por la desgracia y la fatalidad. Militar de carrera y psicóloga de profesión ahora tendrá que incursionar en una zona de confl icto armado para realizar una misión que la llevará a descubrir lo que ella nunca creyó que existiera. El amor y la maldad humana serán el marco referencial donde ella descubrirá su verdadera identidad así como el sentido real de su existencia. Los destinos de Diego y Laura se entrelazan para crear una historia de amor sublime suscitada entre los bellos e inmensos parajes de la selva lacandona. El amor que nace entre ellos será un acontecimiento tan inesperado como fuera de toda lógica pero el amor es así... Impredecible e inesperado. Más Allá del Arco iris es una novela que enseña el camino del amor, el perdón, la humanización y desentraña, además, la espiritualidad humana. Esta maravillosa historia te ayudará a comprender y a admitir que Dios es amor y Dios existe dentro de cada ser humano manifestándose en el momento en que cada quien decida conocerle.
Quirky, unpredictable, often hilarious, Infante's book tells us much about the effect of the Cuban revolution on Cuban literature." - Publishers Weekly With bitter irony, the author tells a story sadly repeated during this century. A dictatorship that silences the intellectuals, a regime that lies and kills, and a propaganda war that has yet to end. One of the best compilations of documents on recent Cuban history.
A passenger liner runs aground on the muddy banks of the Río de la Plata. One by one, its passengers are abducted by Buenos Aires' criminal classes. As the kidnapping of three foreign businessmen sends stock markets into freefall, the job of solving the chaos falls onto the weary shoulders of Deputy Inspector Walter Carroza of the serious-crime squad. But top of his agenda is former Miss Bolivia Ana Torrente. Why are the bodies of the men who try to take her to bed always found minus a head?
From its emergence as a modest newspaper to becoming the largest communication group in Argentina, and one of the main communications groups in Latin America, this book examines the media conglomerate Grupo Clarín. Guillermo Mastrini, Martín Becerra and Ana Bizberge analyze the group’s corporate structure and the aspects that have contributed to its expansion throughout its history, mapping its stages of growth to the regulatory policies, cultural politics, economics and political history of Argentina over the last few decades. This book offers a compelling analysis of one of the key players in the Latin American communication and information market, highlighting how the conglomerate has continued to grow under various different governments - by achieving legal reforms and influencing policies - and continues to have great capacity to influence the policy and regulation of the system, the market structure and cultural consumption in the region. This book is ideal for students, scholars and researchers of global media, political economy, and media and communication, especially those with an interest in Latin America.
Organizations face case management challenges that require insight, responsiveness, and collaboration. IBM® Case Manager, Version 5.2, is an advanced case management product that unites information, process, and people to provide the 360-degree view of case information and achieve optimized outcomes. With IBM Case Manager, knowledge workers can extract critical case information through integrated business rules, collaboration, and analytics. This easy access to information enhances decision-making ability and leads to more successful case outcomes. IBM Case Manager also helps capture industry preferred practices in frameworks and templates to empower business users and accelerate return on investment. This IBM Redbooks® publication introduces the case management concept. It includes the reason for and benefits of case management, and why it is different from the traditional business process management or content management. In addition, this book addresses how you can design and build a case management solution with IBM Case Manager and integrate that solution with external products and components. This book is intended to provide IT architects and IT specialists with the high-level concepts of case management and the capabilities of IBM Case Manager. It also serves as a practical guide for IT professionals who are responsible for designing, building, customizing, and deploying IBM Case Manager solutions.
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