Regional Policy and Planning in Europe explores the ways regional policy and planning systems across Europe have been influenced by: * economic and monetary union * the impending enlargement of the European Union * the devolution of administrative power from central government to regional authorities * the increased importance of environmental and urban issues. Presenting a comprehensive overview of the economic basis of integration, this book examines the evolution of various systems of government, planning and forms of devolution.
This revised and reset new fifth edition generally follows the structure of the previous edition, although some of the material of the earlier chapters has been rearranged, in addition to being updated and extended. A new feature of this edition is the allocation of a complete chapter to examining the problems of urban decline and renewal. Here the economic and social problems are discussed within the framework of current issues in urban policy, local government and planning. The book will appeal as a basic textbook for undergraduate students of estate management, land economics, building surveying and quantity surveying. It will be valuable to students taking degree or equivalent courses in urban economics, urban geography or town planning; it will also appeal to those preparing for RICS and RTPI examinations.
This series of books about the larger fungi of the British Isles is suitable for the dedicated amateur and the professional. Each volume provides keys to sections and species together with full descriptions of the taxa based on personal observations of the executive editors or, in the case of rare species, on authoritative descriptions of material. Many species are illustrated by line drawings. Colours are described using the accompanying Colour Identification Chart.
As one of the pillars of economic globalisation, the WTO is at the heart of a complex network of rules and institutions. This volume analyses WTO law in light of the influence of globalised actors, identifying causal language as an indispensible component in understanding the development of WTO law.
The American edition of this handbook contains concise informa tion on the basic physical properties of the elements and on their chem ical characteristics. In general, the data selected for inclusion in the handbook are those which either agree well with calculated data (in those cases where calculations could be carried out) or satisfy various correlations, particularly those based on concepts of the distribution of valence electrons of isolated atoms in the formation of a condensed state, as electrons localized at atomic ions in the form of energetically stable configurations, and as nonlocalized electrons. The Russian edition was published in the USSR in 1965, and new or previously omitted data have been added to all the sections of the present edition. In addition, the authors have considered it necessary to include a series of new sections. Thus, a new table has been included, "Electronic Configurations and Ground States of Free Atoms and Their Ions," since, in the ionization of some atoms (particularly for transition metals), the electrons are not always abstracted from the outer shell, and, consequently, calculation of the ground state (electron energy level) using the usual vector model does not give a direct result. The ground states are obtained experimentally and the table contains the corresponding data on the configurations and states of triply-ionized atoms (which is usually sufficient).
Key Chiral Auxiliary Applications, Second Edition is a detailed compilation of chiral auxiliary applications organized by type of transformation. Continuing from the most important and relevant auxiliaries described in its predecessor, the three-volume set Compendium of Chiral Auxiliary Applications (2001), as well as advances in the field, the book provides a vital and timely resource for chemists in the field. Each reaction class includes a series of tables and graphical abstracts of real reactions from the literature and patents to enable easy review and comparison of results. This anticipated edition is based on a screening of nearly 40,000 auxiliary reaction applications, with details supplied for the more than 13,000 selected representative entries: synthetic route, reagents, yields, diastereomeric/enantiomeric excesses, and characterization data. Updated and streamlined with more than 60% new material, Key Chiral Auxiliary Applications provides valuable guidance and reliable content for selecting the best auxiliary for a specific asymmetric synthetic transformation. Provides a comprehensive compilation based on nearly 40,000 diverse applications of chiral auxiliaries for selecting the best synthetic route to optically pure compounds Contains over 60% new material with 13,000+ auxiliary applications categorized by reaction type, with reaction details and chemical and optical yields in one unique resource
A different face of coal than that seen by miners. Focusses on the conversion of coal to a liquid and the clean utilization of coal. Among topics discussed are surface phenomena involved in the beneficiation processes, flotation and spherical agglomeration, and the modification of coal-fluid interfaces.
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