Skills are frequently in the news and in the public eye in every country. Stories highlight concerns about education and literacy standards, grades, learning by rote, and university students being unprepared for work, as well as debates surrounding internships and apprenticeships, and social exclusion through skills policy. The recent financial crisis has forced education and training to take a back seat, and has caused an increase in youth unemployment. Skill and skilled work are widely considered important for promoting both prosperity and social justice. But how do we define skill? Skills and Skilled Work brings together multiple perspectives- economics, sociology, management, psychology, and political science- to present an original framework for understanding skills, skilled work, and surrounding policies. Focussing on common themes across countries, it establishes the concept and measurement of skill, and investigates the role of employers, workers, and other social actors. It considers a variety of skill problems and how a social response from the government can be understood. Based on the findings of economics, management science, and theories of social determination, it develops a rationale for social intervention beyond market failure. This book weighs up both the prospects and the limitations of what can be achieved for societies with a better emphasis on skills and skilled work, and it promotes the study of skill in modern economies as a distinct sub-field.
Disease-related malnutrition is a global public health problem. The consequences of disease-related malnutrition are numerous, and include shorter survival rates, lower functional capacity, longer hospital stays, greater complication rates, and higher prescription rates. Nutritional support, in the form of oral nutritional supplements or tube feeding, has proven to lead to an improvement in patient outcome. This book is unique in that it draws together the results of numerous different studies that demonstrate the benefits of nutritional support and provides an evidence base for it. It also discusses the causes, consequences, and prevalence of disease-related malnutrition, and provides insights into the best possible use of enteral nutritional support.
Fresh concepts in the study of seed dispersal are spurring a host of exciting new questions, new answers to old questions, new methods and approaches, and a reinvigoration of the field.Seed Dispersal: Theory and its Application in a Changing World presents both recent advances and reviews of current knowledge demonstrating the vigour and vibrancy of the field. It provides new perspectives and directions at a time when efforts to meet growing environmental challenges threatening natural systems are of utmost importance.
In this book the author describes the discoveries in his laboratory that led to therapy with cultured cells. The first cultured cell type used for therapy was the keratinocyte of the epidermis, for the treatment of burns. Subsequent developments led to the use of cultured cells for the treatment of diseases of the eye, of the joints and of other diseases. Cultured cells for therapy are now being prepared by industries in the US, Japan and Korea and are used in the aforesaid countries, as well as in France, Sweden and Greece, for the treatment of disease.
Apoptosis, or cell death, can be pathological, a sign of disease and damage, or physiological, a process essential for normal health. This book, with contributions from experts in the field, provides a timely compilation of reviews of mechanisms of apoptosis. The book is organized into three convenient sections. The first section explores the different processes of cell death and how they relate to one another. The second section focuses on organ-specific apoptosis-related diseases. The third section explores cell death in non-mammalian organisms, such as plants. This comprehensive text is a must-read for all researchers and scholars interested in apoptosis.
The treatment of childhood cancer has become increasingly successful over the last forty years, and during the last two decades in particular, and the overall cure rate is now 60-70%. This, in turn, has introduced new issues for the clinician as the number of long-term survivors has increased. Some of the therapies that have contributed most to the
Modern agriculture faces many challenges, most crucially food security and the need for sustainable farming systems. Decisions and actions in the agricultural sector come from government and stakeholder policies and on-farm decision-making. This comprehensive monograph provides a perspective on the current state of agri-environmental management in Europe from both a policy and practical perspective. Some of the issues in agriculture discussed are climate change and air pollution, biodiversity, water use and quality, pesticides, pathogens, flooding and drought, energy resources, land use, soil composition, nutrients, livestock, cropping, habitat management and cultural considerations. These important issues form the framework of the book, with each issue discussed in the context of its history, and asking the questions 'why is it an issue', 'what is the current scientific understanding regarding it' and 'how has policy shaped it'. The book takes an integrated approach by not just examining these issues separately, but examining the whole system in which these problems are manifested. At the end, technologies and solutions which are currently being developed and could be used in the future are discussed and the horizon scanned for future environmental challenges. Agri-environmental Management in Europe is an authoritative source for both undergraduate and post-graduate studies that consider the agri-environmental challenges society faces.
The textbook of choice for trainees in haematology Over five editions Postgraduate Haematology has built a reputation as an extremely practical, user-friendly, reliable source of information for examination preparation and clinical practice. Completely revised to reflect the latest research in the field, this edition continues to provide trainees with up-to-date knowledge on the pathogenesis, clinical and laboratory features, and management of blood disorders. It covers the significant advances which have occurred in the application of cytogenetics and molecular genetics in the diagnosis, classification and understanding of haematological disorders. Coupled with the expertise of 34 new contributors from across Europe, the editors have been joined by Professor Anthony Green, from the University of Cambridge, and they have reorganised the book into 52 accessible chapters. Postgraduate Haematology is richly illustrated throughout with over 200 colour illustrations including line drawings, photomicrographs of blood cells and tissues, and algorithms to help aid treatment decision making. It is an indispensable resource for trainees and an essential read for all specialists who are interested in updating their knowledge.
Donald Trump’s election has forced the United States to reckon with not only the political power of the presidency, but also how he and his supporters have used the office to advance their shared vision of America: one that is avowedly nationalist, and unrepentantly rooted in nativism and white supremacy. It might be easy to attribute this dark vision, and the presidency’s immense power to reflect and reinforce it, to the singular character of one particular president—but to do so, this book tells us, would be to ignore the critical role the American public played in making the president “the man of the people” in the nation’s earliest decades. Beginning with the public debate over whether to ratify the Constitution in 1787 and concluding with Andrew Jackson’s own contentious presidency, Nathaniel C. Green traces the origins of our conception of the president as the ultimate American: the exemplar of our collective national values, morals, and “character.” The public divisiveness over the presidency in these earliest years, he contends, forged the office into an incomparable symbol of an emerging American nationalism that cast white Americans as dissenters—lovers of liberty who were willing to mobilize against tyranny in all its forms, from foreign governments to black “enemies” and Indian “savages”—even as it fomented partisan division that belied the promise of unity the presidency symbolized. With testimony from private letters, diaries, newspapers, and bills, Green documents the shaping of the disturbingly nationalistic vision that has given the presidency its symbolic power. This argument is about a different time than our own. And yet it shows how this time, so often revered as a mythic “founding era” from which America has precipitously declined, was in fact the birthplace of the president-centered nationalism that still defines the contours of politics to this day. The lessons of The Man of the People contextualize the political turmoil surrounding the presidency today. Never in modern US history have those lessons been more badly needed.
Outlining the main methods and techniques available to ornithologists, this book brings together in one authoritative source contributions containing information on avian ecology and conservation.
The Guest Editors are providing comprehensive coverage of the clinical diagnosis, treatment, and management of Celiac Disease. Their authors are top experts in the field, and they have submitted state-of-the-art reviews. Topics inlclude: Clinical presentation of Celiac Disease in Adults and Children; The Irritable Bowel Syndrome--Celiac Disease Connection; Pathophysiology of Celiac Disease; Diagnosis of Celiac Disease; Histopathology in Celiac Disease; Management of Celiac Disease; Malignancy and Mortality in Celiac Disease; Gluten Sensitivity; Video Capsule Endoscopy in Celiac Disease; Refractory Celiac Disease; Celiac Disease in the Developing World; and Dietary Assessment in Celiac Disease.
One of the largest patient populations seen by neuropsychologists are older adults suffering from problems associated with aging. Further, the proportion of the population aged 65 and above is rising rapidly. This book provides a guide to neuropsychological clinicians increasingly called upon to assess this population. The book details in a step-by-step fashion the phases and considerations in performing a neuropsychological assessment of an older patient. It covers procedural details including review of patient's medical records, clinical interview, formal testing, interpretation of test scores, addressing referral questions, and preparing an evaluation report. - Outlines a clear, logical approach to neuropsychological evaluation - Provides specific clinical practice guidelines for each phase of the evaluation - Integrates clinical practice with up-to-date research findings - Recommends specific tests for evaluating older adults - Details how to interpret test findings and identify the patient's neuropsychological profile - Illustrates important points with examples and case materials, many neuropathologically-confirmed - Includes forms useful in clinical practice
Front Cover -- Skeletal Trauma in Children -- Copyright Page -- Dedication Page -- Contributors -- Preface to the First Edition -- Preface to the Fourth Edition -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Chapter 1: Skeletal Growth, Development, and Healing as Related to Pediatric Trauma -- History, Diagnosis, and Injury Mechanisms -- Formation of Bone -- Regulation of Growth and Development -- Biology of Fracture Healing -- Physeal Fracture Healing -- Differences Between Pediatric and Adult Fracture Healing -- Classification of Children's Fractures -- Summary -- References
Obtain the best outcomes from the latest techniques with help from a "who's who" of pediatric orthopaedic trauma experts! This companion to Browner et al.: Skeletal Trauma, 4th Edition presents practical, focused guidance on managing traumatic musculoskeletal injuries in children and adolescents. It emphasizes the unique aspects of children's fractures in terms of epidemiology, mechanisms, management, and the challenges of treating the skeletally immature patient. State-of-the-art coverage explores growth and development, pathology, complications, child abuse, sports medicine...and almost every possible break from head to toe. A new chapter on sports-related trauma helps you to manage these increasingly prevalent injuries. And, a new, full-color page layout makes it easier to locate the answers you need quickly. Complete, absolutely current coverage of relevant anatomy and biomechanics • mechanisms of injury • diagnostic approaches • treatment options • and associated complications equip you to confidently approach every form of pediatric musculoskeletal trauma. Internationally recognized contributors include pediatric orthopaedists with trauma expertise as well as specialists in orthopaedic traumatology, providing expert guidance from the most trusted authorities in pediatric musculoskeletal trauma care. A unique emphasis on outcomes assessment in children’s fractures helps you make the most valid clinical decisions. Over 800 high-quality line drawings, diagnostic images, and full-color clinical photos show you what to look for and how to proceed. An emphasis on problem-focused clinical judgment and state-of-the art treatment options assists you in making the best use of the newest techniques. A new chapter on sports-related musculoskeletal injuries in children and adolescents helps you to manage the growing incidence of trauma resulting from recreational and team sports injuries. An all-new, more user-friendly full-color text design enables you to find answers more quickly, and more efficiently review the key steps of each operative technique.
Essay from the year 2014 in the subject Business economics - Business Management, Corporate Governance, grade: 95, Argosy University, course: B7413, language: English, abstract: The paper provides insight on closed social units and open social units. Similarities and differences, analysis of ways a closed social unit and an open social unit strengthens a firms ability to interact in the global environment, and an assessment of the ways each kind of unit hinders that ability.
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a neurosurgical intervention whose efficacy, safety, and utility have been shown in the treatment of movement disorders. For the treatment of chronic pain refractory to medical therapies, many prospective case series have been reported, but few have published findings from patients treated during the past decade using current standards of neuroimaging and stimulator technology. We summarize the history, science, selection, assessment, surgery, and personal clinical experience of DBS of the ventral posterior thalamus, periventricular/periaqueductal gray matter, and, latterly, the rostral anterior cingulate cortex (Cg24) in 100 patients treated now at two centers (John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK, and Hospital de São João, Porto, Portugal) over 12 years. Several experienced centers continue DBS for chronic pain with success in selected patients, in particular those with pain after amputation, brachial plexus injury, stroke, and cephalalgias including anesthesia dolorosa. Other successes include pain after multiple sclerosis and spine injury. Somatotopic coverage during awake surgery is important in our technique, with cingulate DBS considered for whole-body pain or after unsuccessful DBS of other targets. Findings discussed from neuroimaging modalities, invasive neurophysiological insights from local field potential recording, and autonomic assessments may translate into improved patient selection and enhanced efficacy, encouraging larger clinical trials.
From the red grouse to the Ethiopian bush-crow, bird populations around the world can provide us with vital insights into the effects of climate change on species and ecosystems. They are among the best studied and monitored of organisms, yet many are already under threat of extinction as a result of habitat loss, overexploitation and pollution. Providing a single source of information for students, scientists, practitioners and policy-makers, this book begins with a critical review of the existing impacts of climate change on birds, including changes in the timing of migration and breeding and effects on bird populations around the world. The second part considers how conservationists can assess potential future impacts, quantifying how extinction risk is linked to the magnitude of global change and synthesising the evidence in support of likely conservation responses. The final chapters assess the threats posed by efforts to reduce the magnitude of climate change.
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