This report is about the need for the Commission and Member States to take action in order to prevent the Single Market project from failing to achieve expectations. Increased competition, lower prices and a wider choice of products and services are the potential benefits to consumers; access to an enormous home market is the potential benefit to business. In reality the failure of Member States to implement important legislation has maintained barriers and prevented the fuller completion of the Single Market. This failure is aggravated by the growing trend towards economic protectionism in a number of Member States. Misguided attempts to protect domestic industries and safeguard national jobs are preventing consumers and businesses from reaping the full benefits of a truly open Single Market. The EU needs to reassess the tools it uses. The legislative route is not always the most effective means for achieving Single Market goals. The increased use of other, non-legislative tools will help to overcome the difficulties of legislating for an expanded EU. National Regulatory Authorities (NRAs) must be independent of government, especially where governments have financial interests in the major market operator or national incumbent. There is no need for a 'super-regulator' at EU-level in any of the sectors considered in this inquiry: energy, telecommunications and financial services. Achieving consistent implementation begins with effective policy-making based on detailed sector-specific understanding. Currently very few SMEs are engaged in cross-border activity and this is largely due to the regulatory barriers which remain in place, and the lack of reliable information to assist businesses. The Committee welcomes the objective of engaging small business in the Single Market.
The Committee's report examines issues relating to the 2006 EC Budget and seeks to scrutinise the UK Government's position before the European Commission's preliminary draft budget is considered at the Budget Council on 15 July 2005. The Government has highlighted four priorities for the 2006 Budget, to ensure overall budget discipline; to make realistic forecasts for Common Agricultural Policy and Structural Fund payments; to scrutinise the financing of external actions (such as external relations, development assistance to non-EU countries and humanitarian aid); and to achieve administration costs savings. The report also considers issues regarding the Financial Perspective and the UK rebate. Conclusions drawn include support for the UK position that unless there is real reform of the CAP, the UK rebate should remain.
This report includes written and oral evidence submitted to the European Union Committee in June 2004 by Dr Denis MacShane, MP, Minister for Europe and officials of the Foreign and Commonwealth Office, regarding the meeting of the Brussels European Council and the outcome of the Intergovernmental Conference (IGC). It includes correspondence between the Committee chairman and Dr MacShane discussing the proposed constitutional treaty in detail. Appendix 1 of the report announces that the Committee is inquiring into the "early warning mechanism" for monitoring subsidiarity compliance.
This progress report presents evidence taken by the Committee during the summer recess on the draft EU Reform Treaty on which negotiations have been proceeding in the Inter Governmental Conference (IGC), as well as correspondence raising questions with the Minister for Europe. The Committee sets out its plan for further in depth analysis of the impact of the reform Treaty on the UK and discusses specific questions of the role of national parliaments. The report notes the tight mandate given to the IGC has had the effect that its work has been largely technical and asks the Government to report to the House on the impact of this procedure.
This particular report brings together evidence from a wide range of individuals and organizations, and relates to the European Commission Green Paper of October 2005, Improving the mental health of the population: towards a strategy on mental health for the European Union, (http://ec.europa.eu/health/ph_determinants/life_style/mental/green_paper/mental_gp_en.pdf), which itself followed on from a World Health Organization conference in January 2005 between health ministers, discussing mental health problems across Europe (ISBN 9789289013772). Various health studies have shown an increase in mental health problems across Europe, with one in four adults experiencing some kind of mental health problem in any one year, often the result of anxiety disorder or depression, or sometimes the result of a more severe mental disorder, such as schizophrenia. Also, high rates of emotional and behavioural disorders among children and adolescents, as well as mental health problems among older people have been observed. The impact on individuals and families is enormous, and the cost to the economy is estimated at over £77 billion every year. The European Union Committee believes a wider public recognition is needed on the impact of mental health problems in the UK. The European Union has a role to play in promoting better mental health and delivering better services, and facilitating the exchange of information and best practice. The report is divided into 11 chapters, and 5 appendices. Chapters cover such topics as: defining mental well-being; the social and economic impact; human rights issues; social exclusion, stigma and discrimination; mental health issues for population sub-groups
Missing Trader Intra-Community Fraud (also known as carousel fraud), where goods are repeatedly exported and imported with the EU, has caused a considerable loss of revenue In 2005/6 it is estimated the UK lost between £3-4.5 billion. This report looks both at some of the measure that have been taken to recoup some of this money and measures to stop fraud occurring. In addition it considers whether the Government's policies have imposed an unreasonable burden upon legitimate businesses within affected sectors. It concludes that not only are existing measures unsustainable, steps need to be taken to ensure innocent traders are not damaged. The government needs to work with Member States to implement a system of taxation of intra-Community transactions that will be less vulnerable to major fraud.
ECJ = European Court of Justice. Includes correspondence with ministers by Sub-committee E (Law and Institutions). Response to the Committee's 6th report, HLP 47, session 2003-04 (ISBN 0104004215)
This report considers a pair of draft Directives, known as the "nuclear package", which would harmonise the way EU Member States ensure the safety of nuclear installations and manage spent fuel and radioactive waste. The Committee do not think that these Directives should be adopted. Instead it thinks that the Council of Ministers should concentrate on achieving globally approved, transparent approaches to nuclear safety and require Member States to set policies for the long term management of high level radioactive waste. The Committee is concerned about the loss of confidence in national governments as a source of information on nuclear issues and wants the EU to take a lead in educating citizens.
Each year the Government deposits 1200 European policy documents for scrutiny, some of which are cleared straight away, whilst others are reserved for further scrutiny. These are normally considered by one of seven policy-based sub-committees and this report summarises the work undertaken by the Committee through its sub-committees. also reports on UK's Presidency of the EU and looks ahead to likely developments in 2006.
This report makes available the oral evidence provided by Pat McFadden MP to EU Sub-Committee G (Social Policy and Consumer Affairs) following the political agreements reached in Council on 9 June 2008 in relation to: amendments to the 2003 Working Time Directive; and a new directive on the working conditions of temporary agency workers. The Committee welcome the agreements reached in Council on 9 June on both these long-standing proposals. But as there is a requirement, under the co-decision procedure, to obtain the agreement of the European Parliament, the Committee urges the Government to argue energetically the case with MEPs for the merits of the texts agreed in Council.
Over 50 per cent of all medicines given to children (and about 90 per cent of those given to the newly-born) have never been tested or authorised for use on them. The Committee's report examines the European Commission's proposal to introduce a Regulation (the Clinical Trials Directive) on medicinal products for paediatric use which aims to stimulate the development of medicines for children and lay down rules for testing and approval. Issues discussed include: the need for better regulation of paediatric medicines; the ethical considerations involved in clinical trials on children, including the issue of consent; mechanisms for implementing the Regulation; access to the database of information on clinical trials; the rewards and incentives proposed to stimulate the research and development of medicines; and the legal basis for the regulation under the EC Treaty. The Committee's report recognises the urgent need for effective action at the European level to authorise medicines for paediatric use and gives broad support to the proposed Directive. However, a number of key issues are highlighted, including: the need for improved labelling of medicines; that the guidelines underpinning the Directive should take account of ethical considerations involved to ensure the rights and capacity of children to give informed consent to trials; and concerns are raised about the adequacy of proposed incentive mechanisms.
The draft Audiovisual Media Services (AMS) Directive, published in December 2005, was met with some alarm. It sought to extend the existing 'Television without Frontiers' Directive to new services which were seen to be competing for audience and revenue. In doing so it would have introduced inappropriate regulation on the new media sector. There have now been some changes to the original draft and a tightening of the definition of "television like" services. Although an improvement, the Committee is concerned that there is still not enough legal certainty. They are also worried about the need to defend the 'Country of Origin' approach to single market legislation and reject the idea that regulators should act to preserve the market dominance of existing players from new entrants. They are also unconvinced of the need for any quantitative restriction on advertising.
Home Office Ministers hold regular meetings with ministers of the interior of the other five largest EU States. The last such meeting was in Heiligendamm in March 2006 and covered topics such as their joint response to terrorism, illegal immigration and organised crime. Decisions were reached, which if taken forward, would significantly change current EU thinking and declared Government policy. Yet little information was released about the meeting and the Home Office issued no press notice. This report looks at the outcomes of the meeting and in particular the implications of the proposals for data sharing. The Committee is concerned that the ministers want to press forward with the principle of availability and disregard issues of data protection. They are worried about the erosion of civil rights.
The Prèm Treaty is an initiative by seven Member States to enhance cooperation in combating terrorism and serious cross-border crime. There is a move to incorporate it into EU law. As it can only be adopted unanimously, the Government is in a strong negotiating position and has already obtained agreement to delete a provision on "hot pursuit". The Committee recommend that they should also seek agreement on the estimated cost of incorporating the provisions. The Prèm Treaty is mainly concerned with the exchange of data, which raises questions of data protection. It is an opportunity to link the fight against crime with agreement on a Data Protection Framework Decision. This report looks at both the Prèm initiative and other related proposal that are genuine EU initiatives.
This report informs the House about the Commission's proposals fro the 2007 General Budget of the European Communities. The report is in four sections. The first explains how the budget is decided and the Committee's role. The second looks at the seven year financial programme, 2007-13. The third section summarises the significant proposed changes to funding under each of the budget headings. The final section is a summary of conclus
Trade in services across the EU remains subject to a large number of restrictions, limiting choice for consumers and businesses, holding back growth, output and employment. The Commission has proposed a Directive which seeks to encourage greater cross-border trade in services by providing a legal framework that will eliminate obstacles to: the freedom for service providers to establish their business in any Member State; and the free movement of services between Member States. This report concentrates on the free movement of services between Member States. Under the Country of Origin Principle, a business which provides services in the Member State in which it is established is qualified to provide services on a temporary basis in any other Member State according to the regulations of its home Member State. Despite a substantial number of exceptions to the application of the Principle, the Directive has been criticised. The Committee, though, finds that the draft Services Directive does not pose a threat to the health and safety of employees or consumers, nor to environmental standards, nor to consumer protection. Services of general economic interest should not be excluded from the Directive. The draft Directive offers opportunities for small businesses in all 25 Member States of the European Union. The Services Directive is essential to remove unnecessary and unjustified obstacles to trade and to flexible markets thereby making the European Union more competitive in a global economy.
This report describes the work of the House of Lords EU Select Committee and its seven Sub-Committees over the past year, and considers the Committee's work in the coming year. It analyses scrutiny overrides (occasions when Ministers act before the Committee's scrutiny is complete), and urges the Government to ensure that Committees are kept fully informed about the progress of negotiations. It also makes recommendations regarding General Approaches, delays in Ministerial correspondence with the Committee, the contents of Government Explanatory Memoranda, and Commission responses to Committee reports.
The Committee's report examines how the UK Parliament can best hold the Government to account for the foreign policy of the European Union, known as the Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP). As the European Parliament has principally only an advisory role in scrutinising CFSP decisions, national parliaments therefore have a key role to play in ensuring that any foreign policy actions are taken in an open and transparent manner. The Committee welcomes the increased commitment to the scrutiny process shown by the FCO recently and hopes the same culture of scrutiny will be adopted by the MoD. The report makes recommendations including the need for improved procedures for the deposit of documents; early warning of important new initiatives and proposed actions; and the deposit of significant non-legislative documents for scrutiny.
The 2003 reform of the Common Agricultural Policy marked the culmination of a gradual reorientation of EU farm subsidies from product support to direct income support. A mid-term "Health Check" of this reform is now underway, exploring what further adjustments may be required for the period 2009 to 2013. The Commission's proposals for short-term adjustments to the CAP merit broad support. The Committee is not convinced of the long-term justification for maintaining direct subsidy payments in their present form, and advocates a phased reduction in direct payments over the course of the next financial period beginning in 2014. A significant proportion of the funds released should remain earmarked for the CAP, but be spent on the rural development element of the policy rather than on farm subsidies. The report also addresses the challenges and opportunities that lie ahead for the EU agriculture industry. The sector is a significant contributor to climate change, but also vulnerable to its effects. Climate change may present a business opportunity for the industry, which is uniquely placed to deliver environmental services. Soaring global demand for many agricultural commodities has allowed some sectors of the European farming industry to prosper, while others are grappling with rising input prices and stagnant or falling output prices. Were supply shortages to ensue in future, the Committee expects that food scarcity would be a function of income rather than of production capacity. Those most at risk are consumers on low incomes in the developing world. Further trade liberalisation in the agriculture sector is supported, but if direct payments are withdrawn and import tariffs reduced-as the UK Government advocates-then the production standards that EU producers of agricultural goods are obliged to meet should be re-examined.
Timeshare is popular, especially amongst UK consumers, but the sector has often caused problems. The European Communities removed many of the worst excesses with its 1994 Directive, which introduced a right of withdrawal, a cooling-off period, and a ban on advance payments during the cooling-off period. However there are loopholes that have been exploited by the unscrupulous and complaints about long term holiday clubs have grown dramatically. The Commission is seeking to address these problems with proposals for a broader directive. This report considers that directive's strengths and weaknesses.
This report sets out the evidence taken by the Committee in April 2005 from Commissioner Franco Frattini, the Vice-President of the European Commission and Commissioner for Justice, Freedom and Security. Topics discussed include: asylum and immigration matters; the Hague Programme; the establishment of the Fundamental Rights Agency; and issues of crime prevention, judicial co-operation and combating terrorism.
The Framework Programme is the EU's main instrument for funding research and development, and each programme currently runs for five years. The Committee's report considers the European Commission's proposal for the next framework programme (the seventh programme or 'FP7') which it is proposed should run for a period of seven years (from 2007 to 2013). The new programme has objectives to support co-operation between industry and universities, to promote creativity through funding 'frontier' research teams and the establishment of a European Research Council, to increase training and careers development in research, and to strengthen research and innovation capacity in EU member states. Nine high level themes are proposed for EU action in relation to energy issues; environment and climate change; food, agriculture and biotechnology; health; information and communication technologies; nanotechnology and new production technologies; socio-economic sciences and the humanities; space and security research; transport and aeronautics. It addition, two themes are covered by the Euratom Framework Programme, relating to fusion energy research, and to nuclear fission and radiation protection.
This report examines the EU's response to international terrorism after the Madrid bombings in March 2004, including the European Council declaration and the European Commission's proposals on data exchange and intelligence sharing between law enforcement authorities; data protection issues; EU institutional structures designed to combat terrorism; the international dimension, including the role of Interpol, data transfer and passports; terrorist financing and access to financial databases. Conclusions reached by the Committee include that the EU's role in combating terrorism should remain a co-ordinating one in support of the Member States, which must retain primary responsibility, and the EU should engage with international agencies, particularly Interpol. Given the range of interests involved, effective co-ordination, and the work of the EU Counter-terrorism Co-ordinator, are crucial, and the present proliferation of EU groups and agencies needs to be reduced and streamlined. A uniform data protection regime within the EU would not only provide better data protection but would also facilitate the exchange of information.
This report concludes that the Government should seek to rejoin the 35 measures that have already been identified, but that it should also seek to rejoin an additional set of measures: implementing measures related to Europol's continued operation; the Framework Decision on combating certain forms and expressions of racism and xenophobia by means of criminal law; the European Judicial Network; the European Probation Order; and the Convention of Driving Disqualifications. The Government has still not dealt with earlier reports' conclusions about the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) and its jurisdiction. What is more, the Government's general approach to the CJEU is not consistent with its decision to opt back into many other post-Lisbon police and criminal justice measures. The Government also needs to work flexibly with the European Commission in order to avoid any gaps in the application of the measures the UK will seek to rejoin. For example, we must ensure that rejoining the European Arrest Warrant is water-tight well in advance of the opt-out taking effect, to prevent problems for our criminal justice system. The report also recommends that the Government conduct a review of the impact of the opt-out decision three years after it has taken effect, and report its conclusions to Parliament
This report contains the evidence given by Caroline Flint, Parliamentary Under Secretary of State at the Home Office, on the proposed EU Council Directive on granting and withdrawing refugee status. Some of the topics covered were: appeals procedure; border procedures; Dublin II; first country of asylum; implementing legislation; safe country of origin; withdrawal of application.
The Committee's report examines the EU Commission's proposals to extend EU sex discrimination legislation to cover the supply of, and access to, goods and services. The proposals are essentially limited to commercial transactions (excluding aspects such as education, public health care, media and advertising representation), and will therefore be less comprehensive that current UK sex discrimination laws. The main impact on existing UK legislation will be the proposal to ban the use of gender as a factor in calculating insurance premiums and benefits. Although this suggestion has aroused considerable controversy in the UK, the Committee believes that the onus must be on insurance companies to justify any departure from the principle of equal gender treatment, based on objective risk assessment. More research and consultation is required before these proposals are implemented. Sound practical guidelines need to be devised, taking into account the implications on future annuities for men and women in the UK market. Overall, the Committee argues that it is a reasonable objective to move away from using gender as a criterion to assess motor insurance premiums, and to seek to achieve a fair and competitive pricing based on other factors.
The European Union Committee was formerly called the Select Committee on the European Union. Responses to the following reports from session 2003-04: 16th (HLP 104, ISBN 0104004622), 17th (HLP 105, ISBN 0104004657), 21st (HLP 131, ISBN 0104005076), 23rd (HLP 138, ISBN 0104005122), 24th (HLP 139, ISBN 0104005114), 27th (HLP 165-I, ISBN 0104005289), 30th (HLP 179-I, 0104005475), 31st (HLP 180, ISBN 0104005394), 32nd (HLP 186, 0104005564).
This report contains the Government responses to the Committee's recommendations and conclusions that were set out in (HLP 270-I, session 2006-07 - Financial management and fraud in the European Union, ISBN 9780104009598). The Government finds that it agrees with many of the Committee's conclusions and observations on the presence of fraud and corruption in the European Union, and that a lack of a Statement of Assurance (DAS) from the European Court of Auditors, is not an indication of widespread fraud and corruption in the EU itself. The Government welcomes a number of the Committee's recommendations, including that the European Court of Auditors should produce a list of those Member States demonstrating poor management of European funds
This report, from the European Union Committee (HLP 62-I, ISBN 9780104012420) is an impact assessment of the Treaty of Lisbon and seeks to inform the House of the most important aspects of the Treaty by comparing provisions with the status quo and assessing their impact on the institutions of the EU, Members States and on the UK. Divided into 12 chapters, with 7 appendices, the report covers the following areas, including: foundations of the European Union, where the Committee analyses the effects of the changes to the structure of EU treaties and the amendments made to the Union's values and objectives; the simplified treaty revision and how this can alter significantly the provisions on the face of all European Treaties; the impact of the Treaty on European institutions and what changes this will make to the European Council, including a full-time European Council President; the Lisbon Treaty gives the Charter of Fundamental Rights a legally binding status and whether the Charter's rights will create "new" rights in the UK and if the UK's existing labour and social legislation will be effected; the area of freedom, security and justice; how far does the Treaty change fundamental principles of foreign, defence and development policies; the impact of the Treaty on social affairs as well as finance and the internal markets; the impact on environment, agriculture and fisheries; also the new functions the Treaty gives national parliaments and the democratic challenge that poses; a summary of conclusions. The report does not seek to compare the Lisbon Treaty with the now abandoned Constitutional Treaty or the process by which the Lisbon Treaty was produced. Also the report does not address the question whether there should be a UK referendum on this Treaty. For the Committee, ratification of the Treaty is now a matter for Parliament.
The Joint Committee on Human Rights concludes that the current statutory framework does not provide effective protection for human rights. The rights most often relevant to extradition are: prohibition of torture; fair trial; liberty and security; private and family life; and prohibition of discrimination. The Committee calls on the Government to spell out detailed safeguards in the statutory framework. Parliament should be asked to commence the "most appropriate forum" safeguard in the Police and Criminal Justice Act 2006 and that a requirement for the requesting country to show a prima facie case or similarly robust evidential threshold should be introduced in extradition cases. The most appropriate forum safeguard would require the judge to consider whether it is in the interests of justice for the individual to be tried in the requesting country - and to refuse the extradition request if it is not. The committee also calls for negotiated changes to the European Arrest Warrant, a review of the provision of legal representation. The committee also concludes that the power of the Secretary of State to refuse extradition to non-EU countries should not be extended. The powers of the judge in an extradition case should instead ensure adequate protection of rights.
This report provides an overview of the work of the European Union Committee in session 2012-13. It highlights some of the key policies examined through scrutiny work and inquiries, reflects on the Committee's work with thie EU institutinos and other national parliaments, and gives a forward look at the work being undertaken in session 2013-14.
This report examines the arrangements in place for communication between the UK Government and Scottish Executive, particularly when the UK Government formulates international policy which will specifically affect Scottish interests and devolved matters. Generally there are effective channels of communication at both ministerial and official level between the two governments. Whitehall tends to overlook the Scottish angle of policy and legislation more often in those departments which are unfamiliar with devolved matters. We recommend that the Government ensures that each department has a devolution champion to ensure that there is a good level of awareness of devolution issues. The revival of the Joint Ministerial Committee should provide an important forum for discussion between Ministers of the UK Government and devolved administrations. However, there is little opportunity for parliamentary scrutiny of the outcomes and effectiveness of the Committee's meetings. The report welcomes the publication of the new Protocol for Avoidance and Resolution of Disputes as the 2001 Memorandum of Understanding did not provide adequate guidance on how disputes between the UK and Scotland should be resolved. This was demonstrated during the communications between the governments on the UK's negotiations with Libya on the Prisoner Transfer Agreement. Both Governments should display the necessary political will to ensure that both understand each other's point of view and demonstrate the mutual respect which should characterise all their dealings.
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