This report sets out an assessment of human trafficking in the UK. Fuelled primarily by those who seek to make a profit from the misery of others, human trafficking is the vilest of crimes and equates to modern day slavery. Men, women and children from across the world are exploited and forced into performing services or other work against their will. In some instances the exploitation can be experienced over a prolonged period of time. Those who are exploited may face years of sexual abuse, forced labour, or domestic servitude and, in many instances never fully recover from their traumatic experience. In 2011, 946 potential victims of human trafficking were referred to the National Referral Mechanism (NRM). Of these, 634 were females and 312 were males, 712 were adults and 234 were children. The majority of potential child victims were reported to be in the 16-17 year old age category. The UK Government published its Human Trafficking Strategy in 2011 which aims to take a comprehensive approach by focusing on preventing trafficking activity and maintaining effective care for victims. Although the UK has already achieved significant progress in the fight against trafficking, it recognises that any response must be able to quickly adapt and evolve to keep pace with the traffickers. Three key areas have been identified where further concerted effort is needed to improve and strengthen the UK's approach: data capture and intelligence sharing, training and awareness raising for front-line professionals, and coordinating prevention activities
This is the second report of the IDMG on Human Trafficking; the group with responsibility for overseeing and assessing the UK's efforts to tackle human trafficking and modern slavery. The report provides an assessment of human trafficking in the UK building on the first report of the group which was published in October 2012. It shows that 1186 people were identified and referred for support in 2012 - an increase of 25% in the number of referrals from 2011 - though it is acknowledged that these figures are an underestimate of the largely hidden problem. The report shows that trafficking remains primarily an organised crime associated with gangs. Action to address the problem is planned with a Modern Slavery Bill to be published this year in draft form for pre-legislative scrutiny. The bill will consolidate into a single act the offences used to prosecute slave drivers. It will also introduce Trafficking Prevention Orders to restrict the activity and movement of convicted traffickers and stop them from committing further offences and a new Anti-Slavery Commissioner to hold law enforcement and other organisations to account. The offence of slave driving will carry a maximum sentence of life imprisonment, with those who already have a conviction for a very serious sexual or violent offence facing an automatic life sentence.
Modern slavery encompasses human trafficking, slavery, forced labour and domestic servitude. In 2012, the International Labour Organization estimated that there were 21 million victims of forced labour across the world. Our current understanding of the exact scale of the problem is limited. The only systematic means we have for collecting data is the National Referral Mechanism (NRM) to which potential victims of modern slavery are referred. 1,186 potential victims of modern slavery were referred in 2012 - a 25 per cent increase on the previous year. The Government will go forward in three ways: through legislation in this Parliament; through non-legislative action across the country; and through upstream work in source countries. The draft Modern Slavery Bill will: consolidate and simplify existing slavery and trafficking offences; increase the maximum sentence available to life imprisonment; introduce civil orders to restrict the activity of those who pose a risk and those convicted of slavery and trafficking offences; create a new Anti-Slavery Commissioner role to galvanise law enforcement's efforts to tackle modern slavery; and establish a legal duty to report potential victims of trafficking to the National Crime Agency (NCA). The Rt Hon Frank Field MP was invited to run a number of evidence sessions to gather information and views from a wide range of experts. His recommendations will be fully considered as the Bill and action plan are developed. The action plan will also set out how we will improve law enforcement action in source countries, and take steps towards scaling up reintegration programmes
In a report that recognises the recent positive developments in the child protection system in England, the Education Committee calls for changes to ensure that all children are treated as children and that their interests are put first. The report examines three key themes: neglect, older children and thresholds for intervention, taking children into care and adoption. On neglect, the Committee found evidence that children are left too long in harmful situations. On older children, an urgent review is needed of the support offered to this group in order that services can be re-shaped to meet their needs. On thresholds, the Committee makes a number of recommendations to ensure that the referrals process makes better use of intelligence from teachers and doctors and to improve co-ordination between agencies, including multi-agency training and greater clarity in guidance over data-sharing. The report finds that the balance of evidence is heavily in favour of care being considered as a viable, positive option at an earlier stage for many children. While welcoming the Government's proposed reforms to the adoption process, the Committee recognises that permanence and stability can be achieved by other means and that these options should also be encouraged. The Committee calls on the Government to monitor the impact of the economic situation and cuts in services on child-safeguarding.
Human trafficking, the slave trade by another name, is a gross abuse of human rights which shames us all. This report updates the Committee's 2006 inquiry into human trafficking (HLP 245-I/HCP 1127-I, session 2005-06, ISBN 9780104009376), which focused on the scale of the problem in the UK and the adequacy of the Government's policies in terms of human rights protection. This update is published on 18 October to mark the European Union's action day against human trafficking.
A report that considers the broad issue of why science and engineering are important and why they should be at the heart of Government policy. It also considers three more specific issues: the debate on strategic priorities; the principles that inform science funding decisions; and, the scrutiny of science and engineering across Government.
Government plans to introduce payment-by-results in probation services need to be redesigned in respect of women offenders-who are often classified as presenting a lower risk of reoffending-so that they receive the intensive tailored support they need. The Government's strategic priorities for women offenders lack substance and in particular must take a broader approach to supporting women at risk of reoffending and addressing the inter-generational nature of crime. The Committee welcomes the Government's extension of through the gate statutory support to prisoners sentenced to less than 12 months, likely to benefit many women offenders. However, potential providers of rehabilitative services need to recognise that levels of risk posed by women may not reflect the level of support such women require. Although progress has been made since the Corston recommendations, a number of concerns remain: the women's prison population has not fallen sufficiently fast; over half of women offenders continue to receive ineffective short-custodial sentences; mental health and substance misuse treatment which could reduce use of custody remains unavailable to Courts in sufficient volume. Maintaining a network of women's centres and using residential alternatives to custody are likely to be more effective and cheaper in the long run than short custodial sentences. The Committee does not recommend substantive changes to the overall sentencing framework, but argues instead for more emphasis to be placed on ensuring courts are provided with robust alternatives to custody specifically appropriate to women
This report considers the Commission's 2011 Communication on the Global Approach to Migration and Mobility and the UK's participation in EU asylum and immigration measures. As countries in Europe face an ageing population and a declining birth rate, legal third country immigration into the EU will be needed to keep the economy on track and retain Europe's competitiveness in a global market. While Member States should retain primary responsibility for their own migration policies, the EU also has a role to play. As the majority of irregular migrants enter the EU with authorisation and then overstay their visas, rather than crossing the EU's external border by boat or land routes illegally, the EU should adopt a more effective approach in preventing irregular migration. The EU also has a role it can play in refugee management and building capacity in the asylum systems of countries of origin and transit. Moreover, migration policy cannot and should not be the sole concern of interior ministries and a more integrated approach with development and foreign affairs ministries - at the national and EU level - would help maximise the EU's development aims. The reduction of trade barriers with non-EU countries and measures to facilitate remittances, mitigate the effects of brain drain and assist diasporas to contribute to their countries of origin would also be beneficial. The Committee also considers the position of international students in the UK: they should not be subjected to the Government's policy objective of reducing net migration.
In order to monitor the effectiveness of its Reports, the Home Affairs Committee maintains a colour-coded grid of its recommendations. Recommendations are coded green if, in it's view, the Government has accepted them, red if they have been rejected, and yellow if they have been partially accepted, or if the Government has undertaken to give them further consideration. This Report covers the Committee's work in the 2012-13 Session. The Committee will use the grid to inform its choice of inquiries over the course of the Parliament, returning to earlier recommendations where it appears that there may be some merit in doing so, but avoiding reduplication of earlier work where it appears unlikely to prove beneficial
This is the second report of the IDMG on Human Trafficking; the group with responsibility for overseeing and assessing the UK's efforts to tackle human trafficking and modern slavery. The report provides an assessment of human trafficking in the UK building on the first report of the group which was published in October 2012. It shows that 1186 people were identified and referred for support in 2012 - an increase of 25% in the number of referrals from 2011 - though it is acknowledged that these figures are an underestimate of the largely hidden problem. The report shows that trafficking remains primarily an organised crime associated with gangs. Action to address the problem is planned with a Modern Slavery Bill to be published this year in draft form for pre-legislative scrutiny. The bill will consolidate into a single act the offences used to prosecute slave drivers. It will also introduce Trafficking Prevention Orders to restrict the activity and movement of convicted traffickers and stop them from committing further offences and a new Anti-Slavery Commissioner to hold law enforcement and other organisations to account. The offence of slave driving will carry a maximum sentence of life imprisonment, with those who already have a conviction for a very serious sexual or violent offence facing an automatic life sentence.
In 2003 the Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO) published its first white paper on the UK's international priorities, and has reviewed that paper every two years to ensure it remained relevant. This paper updates the analysis and establishes a new range of strategic priorities. Chapter 1 considers the trends driving global change over the next decade and how they will affect the UK: economics; demography and migration; resource pressures; climate change; religion and identity; poverty and governance; security and conflict; science and innovation. The next chapter looks at the UK's role in the international system and the key partnerships. This covers the United Nations, multilateral economic institutions such as the World Bank, the G8 and OECD, the Commonwealth and the European Union (EU), and relationships with the United States, China, India, Japan and Russia, and countries with important regional roles such as Brazil, South Africa and Indonesia. Chapter 3 outlines the nine strategic international priorities identified: (1) making the world safer from global terrorism and weapons of mass destruction; (2) reducing the harm from international crime, including drug and people trafficking, and money laundering; (3) preventing and resolving conflict through a strong international system; (4) building an effective and globally competitive EU; (5) supporting the UK economy through the global economy, science and innovation, and secure energy supplies; (6) promoting sustainable development and poverty reduction, underpinned by human rights, democracy, good governance and protection of the environment; (7) managing migration and combating illegal immigration; (8) delivering high-quality support for British nationals abroad; (9) ensuring the security and good governance of the UK's overseas territories. Chapter 4 sets out the role of the FCO in pursuing these priorities, and an annex gives specific aims for each strategic priority.
This report sets out an assessment of human trafficking in the UK. Fuelled primarily by those who seek to make a profit from the misery of others, human trafficking is the vilest of crimes and equates to modern day slavery. Men, women and children from across the world are exploited and forced into performing services or other work against their will. In some instances the exploitation can be experienced over a prolonged period of time. Those who are exploited may face years of sexual abuse, forced labour, or domestic servitude and, in many instances never fully recover from their traumatic experience. In 2011, 946 potential victims of human trafficking were referred to the National Referral Mechanism (NRM). Of these, 634 were females and 312 were males, 712 were adults and 234 were children. The majority of potential child victims were reported to be in the 16-17 year old age category. The UK Government published its Human Trafficking Strategy in 2011 which aims to take a comprehensive approach by focusing on preventing trafficking activity and maintaining effective care for victims. Although the UK has already achieved significant progress in the fight against trafficking, it recognises that any response must be able to quickly adapt and evolve to keep pace with the traffickers. Three key areas have been identified where further concerted effort is needed to improve and strengthen the UK's approach: data capture and intelligence sharing, training and awareness raising for front-line professionals, and coordinating prevention activities
The UK is currently involved in two military operations in Afghanistan: the US-led coalition Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) with a counter-terrorism mission; and the NATO-led International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) with a security and stabilisation mission. The UK-led Allied Rapid Reaction Corps (ARRC) will command the ISAF from May 2006 to February 2007, a period which will see the extension of the ISAF's mission into the Western and Southern provinces of Afghanistan. The Committee's report focuses on pre-deployment issues for the UK forces to be deployed in Helmand province. The report considers the likely problems they will face in attempting to balance the goals of bringing greater security to the province as well as reducing the opium trade. The report raises concerns that the UK airlift and close air support capability may not be sufficient to support the Helmand deployment, and also about the effect the Helmand deployment might have on the overstretch of UK armed forces, particularly on pinchpoint trade personnel. It also calls on the MoD to provide greater clarity about the responsibilities of UK forces to detainees under their care, and in terms of the rights of detainees established in the Memorandum of Understanding with the Government of Afghanistan.
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