This report examines the events leading to the qualified audit opinion on the Equality and Human Rights Commission's 2006-08 accounts and on the continuing weaknesses in the Commission's controls. The Commission took up its new powers, and those of the former Commission for Racial Equality, the Disability Rights Commission and the Equal Opportunities Commission (the Legacy Commissions), on 1 October 2007. Serious errors were made in setting up the Commission, not helped by three changes of sponsor department in the months immediately before its launch. The Commission now accepts that it was not ready for business when the doors opened on 1 October 2007 and that its set-up process, which cost £39 million, was flawed and inefficient: it did not have in place sufficient senior staff, a transition strategy, business strategy, organisation design or job descriptions. Skills gaps were filled by bringing back former employees of the CRE as consultants, even though they had all received severance payments. The Treasury, which should have been consulted about these appointments, did not grant approval retrospectively as the Commission could not prove that the re-engagements gave good value for money. This expenditure was therefore deemed irregular and the Comptroller and Auditor General issued a qualified opinion on the Commission's 2006-08 accounts. This is not the way that the Public Accounts Committee expects public bodies to be run. Strong controls need to be in place to ensure that such errors do not recur.
This document sets out the Government's aims for the forthcoming Equality Bill. A substantial body of equality legislation has been introduced over the last four decades, but the legislation has become complex and hard to understand. The Equality Bill will declutter and strengthen the law. The Bill will introduce a new Equality Duty on the public sector, replacing the three existing duties on race, disability and gender and extending to gender reassignment, age, sexual orientation and religion or belief. The Bill will contain powers to outlaw unjustifiable age discrimination, but there will be further consultation on the design of the legislation before the new legal protections are introduced. Transparency is essential to tackling discrimination, and public bodies will have to comply with the Equality Duty over gender pay, ethnic minority employment and disability employment. The Government will work with business to improve transparency in the private sector. The Bill will extend the scope of positive action so that employers can take account, when selecting between two equally qualified candidates, under-representation of disadvantaged groups. Permission to use women-only shortlists for parliamentary candidates will be extended to 2030. Non-legislative measures to increase the number of ethnic minority elected representatives in Parliament and local councils will be pursued. Finally the Bill will aim to strengthen enforcement. Tribunals will be allowed to make wider recommendations in discrimination cases, which will go beyond benefitting the individual taking the case so that there are benefits for the rest of the workforce of the employer found to have discriminated. A more comprehensive paper on the content of the Bill will be published shortly.
This report (Cm. 7455, ISBN 9780101745529) sets out the Government's progress against the Ministers for Women priorities, as set out in July 2007. The priorities concerned the following areas: (1) supporting women and families who are caring for children and elderly relatives; (2) tackling violence against women and changing the way women offenders are treated; (3) increasing the representation of Black, Asian and minority ethnic women. The report also outlines activity which the Ministers for Women and Equality and Ministerial colleagues intend to make a reality before the end of the current Parliament. For the original report, Priorities for the Ministers for Women, see (Cm. 7183, ISBN 9780101718325).
The Committee welcomes the Government's intentions to simplify and streamline legislation on discrimination into one single Equality Bill. But it believes that disability discrimination requires a difference in approach and should be predicated on the idea that we need to treat people differently to accord disabled people equal opportunities. The challenge is to bring disability discrimination law within that broad family of equality law whilst recognising those key differences. To meet this objective, the Government should re-establish the version of disability-related discrimination that existed before the recent Lewisham v Malcolm judgment and which was well understood by employers and employees alike. Preserving strong disability rights needs to go hand in hand with an adequate defence for those with duties under the legislation. Harmonising the different provisions that currently permit employers, service providers, landlords and others to justify disability discrimination in certain circumstances will ensure a balance between their responsibilities and the rights of the disabled person. The Committee also calls for removal of one of the greatest obstacles to improving employment opportunities for older people: the continued existence of the statutory default retirement age in the Employment Equality (Age) Regulations 2006. The overall employment rate of disabled people has increased since 1995, but the rate for people with mental illness, phobias or panic has remained substantially lower (at just over 10 per cent) than that for those with most other types of impairment. Too many employers and disabled people are unaware of what support is available for them through the Access to Work scheme. DWP research identified recruitment as the most common source of discrimination against disabled people but few cases reach court. The public sector has an important role to play in promoting equality but needs to focus on outcomes not process.
Supply estimates are the means by which the Government seeks from Parliament sufficient funds and parliamentary authority for the bulk of departmental expenditure each year. In the course of the year the Government may need to ask Parliament for additional resources and/or cash. This volume contains 32 supplementary estimates and one new estimate.
This is the latest in a series of reports to the Joint Committee on Human Rights setting out the Government's position on the implementation of adverse human rights judgments from the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) and the domestic courts. It covers the period 1 August 2012 to 31 July 2013. The main focus of this paper is on two particular types of human rights judgments: judgments of the ECtHR in Strasbourg against the United Kingdom under the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR); and declarations of incompatibility by United Kingdom courts under section 4 of the Human Rights Act 1998. A feature of these judgments is that their implementation may require changes to legislation,4 policy or practice, or a combination thereof
In its report of last year on the Communities and Local Government's Departmental Annual Report 2007 (HC 170, session 2007-08, ISBN 9780215037978) the Committee commented on the particular nature of the Department's work: on its unusual reliance for the achievement of the goals Government has set it on a plethora of other Departments, agencies, non-departmental bodies, local authorities and other stakeholders; on the long, devolved delivery chains by which those goals therefore have to be delivered; and on the skills of influence, brokering and negotiation which are required to achieve them. In this Report the Committee assesses the progress made since last. The most recent Cabinet Office Capability Review concludes that there has been a positive "direction of travel" for CLG in that period, but the Committee concludes that there is still some way to go before CLG can be said to be performing at the highest achievable level of effectiveness. The Department's overall performance against its Public Service Agreement targets is likewise moving in the right direction but still short of full effectiveness. Achievement of efficiency targets is applauded. Finally, the report considers examples of particular policies which highlight some of the Department's strengths and weaknesses, and follow up some issues in earlier inquiries. These issues include: eco-towns; the Decent Homes programme; Home Information Packs; Fire Service response times; Firebuy; the FiReControl programme. The report also considers the Department's response to the serious flooding of summer 2007, and to the reviews which followed; and the mismanagement of European Regional Development Fund monies.
This is the 10th Foreign and Commonwealth Office annual report on human rights. Publishing just a few weeks after the FCO's new strategic framework and mission statement this report shows how human rights will remain fully integrated with the their four new policy goals. These goals cover: counter-terrorism, weapons proliferation & their causes; promotion of a low-carbon, high-growth global economy; prevention & resolution of conflict and development of effective international institutions, particularly the UN & EU. The report also covers human rights in the overseas territories & of British nationals abroad; and key human rights themes including equality, democracy & rule of law. It also gives indepth reports on 25 countries of particular concern, setting out the main human rights problems and how they have been, and will continue to be, addressed.
According to the report The Implications For Access To Justice Of The Government's Proposals To Reform Judicial Review HC (868), the number of judicial reviews has remained remarkably steady when the increase in the number of immigration judicial reviews (now handled by the Upper Tribunal) is disregarded. The report covers: procedural defects and substantive outcomes; legal aid for judicial review cases; interveners and costs; capping of costs (protective costs orders); alternatives to the Government's judicial review reforms; judicial review and the public sector equality duty.
A consultation response to Building a Society for All Ages (Cm 7655) published in July 2009, which was a strategy paper addressing the problems and potential of the demographic changes consequent on the increasing longevity of the population.
In this response to the Justice Committee following their inquiry into female offenders, the Ministry of Justice sets out plans to establish an open unit at HMP Styal and test this approach, set up community employment regimes across the estate to improve more women's access to jobs for their release, and create strategic hubs in order to improve closeness to home in certain regions. In addition to this, for the first time, all women will receive support through-the-gate and 12 months supervision on release as part of the Transforming rehabilitation reforms. NOMS' Stocktake of Community Services for Female Offenders shows that the spread and availability of community services specifically for women has been increasing. This sets the groundwork for the expansion of community support to women on release from short-sentences in 2014 and beyond. Efforts to divert women from custody where it is appropriate to do so also continue. The Ministry is also introducing legislation through the Offender Rehabilitation Bill to ensure that the Secretary of State enters into contracts with probation providers that identify and consider the particular needs of female offenders. To this end guidance is being issued so that probation providers fully understand the particular needs of female offenders and how to meet those needs.
The Joint Committee on Human Rights accepts that the measures in the Immigration Bill serve the legitimate aim of immigration control, but is concerned that some of them may be applied in practice in a way which breaches human rights in particular cases. The Committee is particularly concerned about the risk of the new provisions relating to residential tenancies giving rise in practice to homelessness in the case of people who have no right to remain in the UK but face genuine barriers to leaving. The Committee is also concerned to ensure that these measures do not give rise to an undue risk that migrant children will be exposed to homelessness or separation from family members. The provisions in the Bill on access to residential tenancies may heighten the risk of racial discrimination against prospective tenants, notwithstanding the fact that such discrimination is unlawful under the Equality Act. The First Tier Tribunal, not the Secretary of State, should decide whether it is within its jurisdiction to consider a new matter raised on an appeal. In the report, the Committee concludes that the restriction on appeal rights might constitute a serious threat to the practical ability to access the legal system to challenge unlawful immigration and asylum decisions, and to enforce the statutory duty to have regard to the need to safeguard and promote the welfare of children when exercising immigration and asylum functions. The Committee also comments on other aspects of the Bill.
This report, (HCP 485-I, ISBN 9780215523488), from the Work and Pensions Committee, is entitled "Valuing and Supporting Carers". It examines the issues surrounding the role of carers in society and what the Government needs to do to support them. It is estimated that the public purse saves £87bn each year, from the unpaid support carers provide. Further, with the increase in population and better healthcare increasing life expectancy, there will be greater demand on such care and support. The Committee believes it is essential that carers of working age are able to sustain their ability to remain in work and are provided help in returning to work. In June 2008, the Government published its new 10 year vision for carers "Carers at the Heart of the 21st Century Families and Communities" (http://www.dh.gov.uk/en/publicationsandstatistics/publications/publicationspolicyandguidance/DH_085345?IdcService=GET_FILE&dID=166685&Rendition=Web). The publication set out a number of commitments, including: the provision of information and advice; breaks provision for carers; improved support from the NHS; support to help carers better combine work and care. The Committee though expresses disappointment that the issue of benefits for carers was not directly addressed in the Carers Strategy and has only been identified as a long term priority from 2011 onwards. The Committee states that the current system of benefits for carers is outdated and recommends the introduction of two distinctive tiers of support for carers, offering: (i) income replacement support for carers unable to work, or working only part-time; (ii) compensation for additional costs of caring for all carers intensive caring roles. The financial pressures on carers arise from additional costs of caring and from reduced working hours, moving into lower paid work, or giving up work. One of the major reasons that carers struggle to remain in work is because of a lack of affordable, reliable and flexible care services. Carers often lose touch with the work environment and the Committee believes that where people have been caring for someone over a long period of time, they require a tailored support to re-enter employment, supported by advisers. The Committee believes that a joined up cross-governmental approach is required to ensure that carers are supported in the wider social care system. For Volume 2 of this report, oral and written evidence, see (ISBN 9780215523495).
This White Paper sets out the Government's proposals to invest in education, skills and families in order to equip the UK to meet the challenges and opportunities presented by the global economy. Chapter 1 examines the new opportunities: the emergence of a global "middle class"; new production patterns enabled by technological change; new technologies creating new industries; increased personalisation of goods and services; increasing social mobility. Success in the global economy (chapter 2) will depend on building a world-class business infrastructure (including transport and communications), encouraging innovation and enterprise, and enhancing the skills of the workforce. The Government recognises the importance of child development in early years as crucial to children's subsequent lives, and chapter 3 outlines the proposals on improving the health and well being of children, providing more effective support to families and ensuring access to high-quality early learning and childcare. Education continues as the theme of chapter 4, setting out policies to deliver world class schools and teaching profession. The critical pathway from education to employment for 16-25 year olds is the subject of chapter 5. The Government believes that all those who have the desire and ability to study and train throughout their working lives should be able to access the support needed to raise their skill levels, and chapter 6 introduces new policies to ensure that people's potential to get on in work is supported. Strengthening family life (chapter 7) - through improving parental support, legislating to eradicate child poverty, helping families at risk - will help prevent the pressures of modern life from having a detrimental effect on individuals' life chances. The final chapter outlines a range of programmes to engage young people in community life and empower communities to respond locally to the problems they face.
This green paper launches a public consultation across the UK. The Government intends to involve all parts of society in discussions about the fundamental arguments for and against a new Bill of rights and responsibilities as well as the advantages and disadvantages of the individual components of any such Bill.
This supporting document to Budget 2011 (HC 836, ISBN 9780102971033) sets out the Government's plan for sustainable, long-term economic growth for the UK economy. It sets out four ambitions that underpin this objective, these are: to create the most competitive tax system in the G20; to make the UK one of the best places in Europe to start, finance and grow a business; to encourage investment and exports as a route to a more balanced economy and to create a more educated workforce that is the most flexible in Europe. Growth review measures outlined in Chapter 2 cover these priority areas: planning; regulation; trade and inward investment; access to finance; competition; corporate governance; low carbon. The first phase of the review also examined eight sectors of the economy to remove the barriers to growth that affect them: advanced manufacturing; healthcare and life sciences; digital and creative industries; professional and business services; retail; construction; space; tourism.
PESA provides a range of information about public spending using two Treasury-defined frameworks: budgeting and expenditure on services. The budgeting framework provides information on central government departmental budgets, which are the aggregates used by the Government to plan and control expenditure. It covers departmental own spending as well as support to local government and public corporations. The expenditure on services framework is used for statistical analysis. It is based on national accounts definitions and covers spending by the whole of the public sector.
Having looked at the Draft Deregulation Bill in some detail and taken evidence from a wide range of witnesses, the Committee does not think it is appropriate for Ministers to be given power to scrap legislation by order on the subjective test that it is 'no longer of practical use'. There is a risk that to give Ministers that power would undermine effective Parliamentary scrutiny. It was also felt unnecessary when the Law Commissions currently have the power to put forward outdated Bills for abolition anyway. The Law Commissions will need to make changes to their working practices in order to produce more frequent and more responsive Statute Law (Repeals) Bills. The Government should work with the Law Commissions to streamline the process for bringing forward these Bills. As for the duty on regulators to have regard to economic growth, whilst this is supported in principle, it is important that it is not used by Government to undermine the independence of regulators in the way it is implemented. It might be helpful if that provision were explicitly included in the Bill
A report that provides an overview of the Committee's work during the 2008-09 parliamentary session and draws attention to improvements to the human rights landscape in the UK which it has commended in reports during the year. It also mentions a number of continuing areas for concern.
Royal assent, 13 March 2014. An Act to authorise the use of resources for the years ending with 31 March 2008, 31 March 2009, 31 March 2010, 31 March 2011, 31 March 2012, 31 March 2013, 31 March 2014 and 31 March 2015; to authorise the issue of sums out of the Consolidated Fund for the years ending with 31 March 2013, 31 March 2014 and 31 March 2015; and to appropriate the supply authorised by this Act for the years ending with 31 March 2008, 31 March 2009, 31 March 2010, 31 March 2011, 31 March 2012, 31 March 2013 and 31 March 2014
Shared space is a design approach that seeks to change the way streets operate by reducing the dominance of motor vehicles, primarily through lower speeds and encouraging drivers to behave more accommodatingly towards pedestrians. This Local Transport Note is mainly concerned with the use of shared space on links. While it focuses on High Street environments, many of its principles will apply to other types of shared space. It is aimed at assisting those designing and preparing street improvement and management schemes. Particular emphasis is placed on stakeholder engagement and inclusive design, where the needs of a diverse range of people in terms of disability, age etc. are properly considered at all stages of the development process, and on sustainable design where future maintenance needs are considered as part of the design process
This report from the Communities and Local Government Committee (HCP 65, session 2009-10, ISBN 9780215545466) looks at "Preventing violent extremism". For the Committee, as delivered so far the Prevent programme has stigmatised and alienated those it is most important to engage, and tainted many positive community cohesion projects. Moreover, the government's strategy to limit the development of violent extremism in the UK sits poorly within a counter-terrorism strategy. The Committee has set out a number of improvements for the Prevent programme and calls on the government to clarify urgently how information collected for the purposes of project monitoring and community mapping under Prevent does not constitute 'spying' or 'intelligence gathering' of the type undertaken by the police or security services.
The Treasury Committee report, 'Women in the City' was prompted by its work in the banking crisis, which shone a spotlight on the need for reform to increase financial stability, including improving corporate governance within financial institutions. Part of the debate on how to improve corporate governance was around boosting diversity and challenge in the City. Witnesses to the Committee even suggested that greater female representation at senior levels would have made the banking crisis less likely. The report says the lack of diversity on the boards of many, if not most, of our major financial institutions, may have heightened the problems of 'group-think' and made effective challenge and scrutiny of executive decisions less effective. A sector which is failing to properly utilise the talents of over half the population clearly has substantial room for improvement and this entails looking more widely at the industry structure, to ensure that able women who wish to progress are not held back. The report also examines matters such as the long hours culture, the working environment and access to flexible working and family-friendly practices. The report notes that the challenge is not so much to change the legal framework, but to change practice and, where necessary, culture. The onus is on the City to demonstrate that it is committed to improving the representation of women at senior levels within the industry. Whilst the Committee does not believe this should be achieved through the introduction of a quota system, it is clear that such pressure will intensify should the industry fail to act.
Ahead of the EU's expected announcement of legislation to tackle gender inequality in the corporate world, the European Union Committee concludes that introducing mandatory quotas for the number of women on EU boards would generate negative perceptions amongst women and business leaders and would not address the root causes of inequality. Whilst the Committee agrees there is a leadership role for the EU in furthering the cause of increased equality in the boardroom, quotas would risk setting back voluntary efforts without achieving broader gains, and the Government should strongly oppose any such measure. The Committee instead calls on the European Commission to bring forward measures to monitor the number of women in senior positions on an EU-wide basis. The Commission should also facilitate self-regulatory efforts in Member States which can highlight good and bad performers, giving voluntary efforts a chance to succeed, before quotas are considered.
This consultation paper is based on the reforms proposed by David Freud in his report "Reducing dependency, increasing opportunity: options for the future of welfare to work" (2007, DWP, www.dwp.gov.uk/publications/dwp/2007/welfarereview.pdf). The Government's vision for the welfare state is one where no one is written off and everyone is required to fulfil their responsibilities to prepare for, look for and take up work, with support provided at all stages. The reforms are designed to achieve an active and personalised welfare state, boosting employment and tackling long-term benefit dependency. Disabled persons or people with long-term health conditions will be targeted, in a bid to reduce the number of people on incapacity benefits by one million. A new Work Capability Assessment will re-assess all existing incapacity benefits claimants for eligibility to the Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) - to ensure they are receiving the right benefit and their personal needs are identified. ESA will be a temporary benefit for most, as people recover from or adapt to their condition and prepare for a return to work. Private and voluntary sector providers will be eligible to undertake support work. The medical assessment procedure will be reviewed. The reforms also tackle child poverty by providing additional support while strengthening parents' responsibilities to contribute financially and emotionally to their children's upbringing. The benefits system will be streamlined: a long term goal is the abolition of Income Support and the creation of a system based on Jobseeker's Allowance and the ESA. The Government also wishes to devolve more power to individual customers, local partnerships and providers to improve the quality and effectiveness of services. Providers will have greater freedom to innovate and deliver services through a new "Right to Bid" process.
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