The 2001 outbreak of Foot and Mouth was set out in a report published in 2002, providing an analysis of what happened with recommendations (HCP 888, session 2001-02, ISBN 9780102976243). Another FMD outbreak occurred in the Summer of 2007 and the Government again asked Dr Iain Anderson to conduct a review and find out if the lessons of 2001 had been learned and whether new recommendations are needed. This report is built around the findings of 2001, with a particular look at the Pirbright facility, the source of the virus incriminated in this recent outbreak. Dr Anderson's states that he found much to applaud in the handling of the 2007 outbreak along with some deficiencies, but states the positive outweighs the negative. The report commends the strong leadership of the Prime Minister, as well as the contingency planning and better integration of scientific advice and the capabilities at the centre of disease control strategies. External communication was also greatly improved. Less encouraging were the inadequate infrastructure and governance of the Pirbright facility where the Institute for Animal Health is located and the poor regulatory regime in place to licence work with dangerous animal pathogens. Defra's information systems too were found wanting. The report also recommends that the Institute of Animal Health should become the new National Institute of Infectious Diseases, supported by multiple sources of funding from government and elsewhere. Also recommended is the creation of an Independent Advisory Committee on Animal and Emerging Infectious Diseases, combining a high level group of experts along with other stakeholders with a mission to provide independent advice to government and link closely with the Government's and departmental Chief Scientific Advisors and include the Chief Veterinary Office and Chief Medical Officer amongst its members. The publication is divided into five sections: Section 1: Foreword; Section 2: Summary and recommendations; Section 3: Lessons learned, the lessons are - Lesson 1: Maintain vigilance; Lesson 2: Be prepared; Lesson 3: React with speed and certainty; Lesson 4: Explain policies, plans and practices; Lesson 5: Respect local knowledge; Lesson 6: Apply risk assessment and cost benefit analysis; Lesson 7: Use data and information management systems; Lesson 8: Have a legislative framework; Lesson 9: Base policy decisions on the best available science; Section 4: Pirbright; Section 5: Appendices.
This White Paper sets out the Government's proposals for a Marine Bill designed to establish a new UK-wide strategic system of marine planning to balance conservation, energy and resource needs, based on the principle of sustainable development and working with the devolved administrations. Key provisions of the proposed Bill will be: the creation of a new Marine Management Organisation (MMO) to provide a holistic approach to marine policy covering planning, licensing and enforcement issues; a more streamlined, transparent and efficient marine licensing system; new mechanisms to supplement existing tools for the conservation of marine ecosystems and biodiversity, including marine conservation zones for important species and habitats that cannot be protected under European law; and reform of the management of inshore fisheries and recreational sea angling, including stronger enforcement powers and the recovery of costs of fishing vessel licence administration.
This White Paper, entitled "Creating growth, cutting carbon: making sustainable local transport happen", sets out the Government's aims in meeting two key objectives: (i) to help create growth in the economy; (ii) tackling climate change by cutting carbon emissions. Action at the local level is seen as delivering gains at the national level. For example, around every three trips made by car are less than 5 miles in length, and it could be argued many such trips could alternatively be cycled, walked or undertaken by public transport. The Government sees the encouragement of sustainable travel choices benefiting the economy, cutting carbon and contributing to road safety and public health. The new Local Sustainable Transport Fund aims to help local authorities to encourage people to travel sustainably. The publication is divided into nine chapters with one annex, and looks at the following areas: local transport - choices and implications; decentralising power - enabling local delivery; enabling sustainable transport choices; active travel; making transport more attractive; managing traffic to reduce carbon and tackle congestion; local transport in society.
Published as part of the managing radioactive waste safely (MRWS) programme, this white paper sets out the UK Government's framework for managing higher activity radioactive waste in the long-term through geological disposal, coupled with safe and secure interim storage and ongoing research and development to support its optimised implementation. It also invites communities to express an interest in opening up, without commitment, discussions with Government on the possibility of hosting a geological disposal facility at some point in the future. In June 2007 the Government published a MRWS consultation document in conjunction with the devolved administrations for Wales and Northern Ireland. Responses to this consultation have been taken into consideration in the development of this white paper. The paper sets out the framework for the future implementation of geological disposal that includes: the approach to compiling and updating the UK Radioactive Waste Inventory (UKRWI) and using it as a basis for discussion with potential host communities; the Nuclear Decommissioning Authority's technical approach for developing a geological disposal facility, including the use of a staged implementation approach and ongoing research and development to support delivery. The white paper covers the amount of waste for disposal; preparation and planning for geological disposal; protecting people and the environment: regulation, planning and independent scrutiny; site selection using a voluntarism and partnership approach; the site assessment process; timing and next steps.
This is the 16th edition in the series of reports on economic conditions of the UK agriculture industry. The Government will draw on this information when considering policy issues, including proposals by the European Commission in respect of the Common Agricultural Policy and the provision for agricultural support. Chapters look at: key events in 2003; farming income and agriculture in the economy; the structure of the industry; trade; prices; commodities; organic farming; accounts; productivity; subsidies; conservation and land management; environmental issues; and public expenditure on agriculture.
This programme sets out the Government's policies and priorities for action on climate change in the UK and internationally. The first section examines the nature and scale of the challenge posed by climate change. It describes the existing international framework for action, including the G8 and EU meetings and resulting plans of action. The Government intends to build on these developments, and also try to influence the rapidly growing economies of India, China, Brazil and others so that they evolve as low-carbon economies. The major part of the report is concerned with the UK's attempt to deliver the Kyoto Protocol target of reducing emissions of six greenhouse gases by 12.5 per cent below base year levels over the 2008-2012 period, and also the domestic goal of reducing carbon dioxide emissions by 20 per cent below 1990 levels by 2010. Projections indicate that CO2 reduction by 2010 will only be some 10.6 per cent below the 1990 level. Sections on the UK emission inventory and projections, the strategy to reduce emissions, and the energy supply sector, are followed by chapters covering particular economic sectors: business; transport, domestic; agriculture and forestry; the public sector. Among policies outlined here are: encouragement of microgeneration and renewable sources of energy; investigation of carbon capture and storage; support for energy efficiency in business, local and central government; increase uptake of biofuels; include aviation in the emissions trading scheme for the EU from 2008; raise energy standards of new and refurbished buildings; introduce the Code for Sustainable Homes; strengthen consumer demand for energy efficiency. The Government also sets out its approach to encourage personal action, as citizens, consumers, motorists and business people. Provision of better information to the public, including an online service on the environmental impact of everyday products and services, will be supplemented by a plan for action on sustainable consumption by the end of 2006.
This report examines the contribution that corporate reporting of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions makes to the UK meeting its climate change objectives. Current research shows that businesses are considering their environmental impact at the highest level. 62 per cent of FTSE all-share companies reported quantified figures on climate change or energy use in their 2009 annual reports. Measuring emissions, then reporting, enables enabling target-setting which leads to emissions reductions. There is significant and growing interest from investors in GHG emissions data and investor pressure is one of the main drivers for reporting. Though there are costs in the reporting process, the research found additional benefits for companies in areas such as reputation, brand value, improving investor relations and being able to respond to shareholder requests.
This Command Paper sets out the Government's strategy for sustainable development, taking into account the national and international developments that have occurred since its previous policy statement ('A better quality of life: a strategy for sustainable development in the United Kingdom', Cm 4345; ISBN 0101434529) published in May 1999, including devolution in Scotland and Wales and the 2002 World Summit on Sustainable Development. The strategy is based on four agreed priorities of sustainable consumption and production, climate change, natural resource protection, and sustainable communities with a focus on tackling environmental inequalities; and uses a new indicator set with commitments to look at new indicators such as on well-being. Proposals include: the establishment of a new Community Action 2020 programme; and strengthening the role of the Sustainable Development Commission to ensure an independent review of government progress, with all central government departments and executive agencies to produce sustainable development actions plans by December 2005.
In this paper the Government announces an increase in capital spending plans by £3 billion a year, from 2015, which means an additional £18 billion of investment over the next parliament. The Government is taking a long-term approach to infrastructure, to overcome decades of short-term decision making and uncertainty in funding, financing and failures in delivery. Plans include over £70 billion of investment in transport, over £20 billion in schools and £10 billion in science, housing and flood defences. Specific commitments include funding for HS2, the biggest programme of investment in roads since the 1970s, and superfast broadband provision will be expanded so 95 per cent of UK premises will have access to superfast broadband by 2017.Action is being taken to provide the support needed to enable up to £100 billion of private sector energy investment, including through the further roll-out and extension of the UK guarantees scheme. Lessons on successful project delivery will be learnt from the Olympics and similar examples.
This white paper sets out proposals for a detailed programme of action to repair damage done to the environment in the past, and urges everyone to get involved in helping nature to flourish at all levels - from neighbourhoods to national parks. The plans are directly linked to the groundbreaking research in the National Ecosystem Assessment that showed the strong economic arguments for safeguarding and enhancing the natural environment. They also act on the recommendations of 'Making Space for Nature', a report into the state of England's wildlife sites, led by Professor John Lawton and published in September 2010, which showed that England's wildlife sites are fragmented and not able to respond to the pressures of climate change and other pressures we put on our land. Key measures proposed include: i) Reconnecting nature with New Nature Improvement Areas (NIAs) with a £7.5 million fund for 12 initial NIAs, biodiversity offsetting, New Local Nature Partnerships with £1 million available this year, phasing out peat, ii) Connecting people and nature for better quality of life with Green Areas Designation, better urban green spaces; more children experiencing nature by learning outdoors, strengthening local public health activities, the new environmental volunteering initiative "Muck in 4 Life" to improve places in towns and countryside for people and nature to enjoy and iii) Capturing and improving the value of nature with a Natural Capital Committee; an annual statement of green accounts for UK Plc, a business-led Task Force to expand the UK business opportunities from new products and services which are good for the economy and nature alike.
Water for Life describes a vision for future water management in which the water sector is resilient, in which water companies are more efficient and customer focused, and in which water is valued as the precious and finite resource it is. It explains that we all have a part to play in the realisation of this vision and recognises that water is essential for economic growth and that we must protect the environment for future generations. Plans outlined include: improving the condition of our rivers by encouraging local organisations to improve water quality and make sure we are extracting water from our environment in the least harmful way; announcing plans to reform the water industry and deregulate water markets to drive economic growth; enables business and public sector customers to negotiate better services from suppliers and cut their costs; removing barriers that have discouraged new entrants from competing in the water market; asking water companies to consider where water trading and inter connecting pipelines could help ensure secure water supplies at a price customers can afford; enabling water companies to introduce new social tariffs for people struggling to pay their bills and seeks to tackle bad debt which ordinary householders have to bear the cost of to the tune of £15 per year; and tackling the historic unfairness of water infrastructure in the South West. These changes are all designed to lead to a more robust and prepared water industry, which promotes innovation and growth in the economy at the same time as we protect the environment
This annual report details the work and expenditure of the Department for International Development (DFID) during the period April 2006 to March 2007, working as part of the wider international effort to tackle world poverty and promote the sustainable development of low-income countries. The report includes chapters on: reducing poverty in Africa and Asia and progress towards the Millennium Development Goals; making the multilateral system and bilateral aid more effective; fragile states, conflicts and crises; environment, climate change and natural resources; and working with others on policies beyond aid. The assessment of progress is structured around the DFID Public Service Agreement (PSA) targets.
The Annual Energy Statement 2013 sets out the government's priorities in delivering the UK's energy policies in the near term: helping households and businesses take control of their energy bills and keep their costs down; unlocking investment in the UK's infrastructure that will support economic growth; playing a leading role in efforts to secure international action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and tackle climate change. It presents plans to make switching simpler and quicker, and a new probe into energy firms' accounts, to make them more transparent on profits and prices, as well as increasing penalties for market manipulation and regularly checking that the market is working properly
This issue of the Digest of United Kingdom Energy Statistics (DUKES) is part of a series and updates the figures given in the DUKES 2009. The publication consists of seven chapters; the first chapter deals with overall energy, with the other chapters covering specific fuels, combined heat and power and renewable sources of energy. The statistics presented in this digest will generate widespread interest from anyone working within or with an interest in energy sources, consumption and climate change. Chapters covering specific fuels and renewable sources of energy contain details on the production and consumption of individual fuels, presented using commodity balances. A commodity balance illustrates the flow of a fuel through from production to final consumption. These individual commodity balances are also combined in an energy balance, showing the interaction between different fuels. General energy statistics are presented in a table, revealing energy consumption by final users and an analysis of energy consumption by main industrial groups. Surveys conducted by AEA Energy & Environment on behalf of DECC estimate the contribution made by combined heat and power and renewable energy to energy production and consumption in the UK.
This national policy statement (NPS) sets out national policy for the energy infrastructure. A further five technology-specific NPSs for the energy sector cover: fossil fuel electricity generation (EN-2) (ISBN 9780108510786); renewable electricity generation (both onshore and offshore) (EN-3) (ISBN 9780108510793); gas supply infrastructure and gas and oil pipelines (EN-4) (ISBN 9780108510809); the electricity transmission and distribution network (EN-5) (ISBN 9780108510816); and nuclear power generation (EN-6) (ISBN 9780108510823). An Impact assessment is also available (ISBN 9780108510830). The NPSs have effect on the decisions by the Infrastructure Planning Commission on application for energy developments. This statement outlines the Government's objectives for the power sector in order to meet its energy and climate change strategy. It sets out the need for new energy infrastructure and the assessment principles and generic impacts.
This report provides a summary of the recent contribution of the Department for International Development to delivering the Millenium Development Goals. It includes details by country describing progress made and DFID's contribution. It discusses aims for bilateral and multilateral aid and the statistical information on monies spent
A Practice Guide that has been produced to support Development and Flood Risk - Planning Policy Statement 25 by providing information about positive planning at all levels in order to deliver appropriate sustainable development in the right places, taking full account of flood risk.
This guide explains how EC requirements for environmental impact assessment have been incorporated into procedures in the UK. It revises the booklet Environmental Assessment: A Guide to the Procedures, published in 1989, to take account of the requirements of the Directive 97/11/EC, which was adopted on 3 March 1997 and came into force on 14 March 1999.Parts 1 and 2 of the guide explain the procedures that apply to projects that fall within the scope of the Directive and require planning permission in England and Wales. They also give general advice and guidance.
The 30th edition of this annual publication contains a wide range of transport statistics which gives a comprehensive picture of transport use in Britain. It includes data tables relating to: general and cross modal transport; aviation; energy and the environment; freight; maritime transport; public transport, including rail, tube, bus and coaches; roads network and traffic; transport accidents and casualties; motor vehicles and goods vehicles; and international comparisons.
This report examines the impact shale gas drilling in the UK could have on water supplies, energy security and greenhouse gas emissions. The inquiry found no evidence that the hydraulic fracturing process involved in shale gas extraction - known as 'fracking' - poses a direct risk to underground water aquifers provided the drilling well is constructed properly. The MPs, nevertheless, urge the Department of Energy and Climate Change (DECC) to monitor drilling activity extremely closely in its early stages in order to assess its impact on air and water quality. Shale gas extraction could reduce the UK's dependence on imported gas, but it is unlikely to have a dramatic effect on domestic gas prices. The UK's onshore and, particularly, offshore shale gas resources could be substantial and the development of the offshore shale gas industry in the UK should be encouraged. Greenhouse gas emissions from gas are lower than from coal, but are still much higher than many low-carbon technologies. The presence of methane in shale gas, a greenhouse gas far more potent than carbon dioxide, has raised concerns. However, methane would only be released through leaks from the well or pipelines and the MPs are confident that this can be easily minimised through regulation and enforcement. Shale gas could reduce carbon dioxide emissions globally by encouraging a switch from coal to gas for electricity generation, but it will not be sufficient to meet long term emissions reductions targets and avoid the worst effects of global climate disruption.
This study considers the feasibility of options for a new system of charging for road use in the UK, in order to make better use of road capacity and to help reduce traffic congestion. This would mean moving away from the current motoring taxation system and introducing a variable charging system depending on the level of road congestion. Issues discussed include: public attitudes, travel trends, options for national road pricing, institutional aspects of implementation, possible interim options to a national scheme, including the UK lorry road user charging scheme and local congestion charging pathfinder schemes. Amongst the report's conclusions, it finds that national road pricing is becoming feasible in the medium-term (in 10 to 15 years) and could meet the Government's objectives. However, its successful implementation requires the promotion of a greater degree of public acceptance. Although a national scheme is still some years off, a number of practical steps can be taken now in preparation, including promoting a public debate to inform and raise awareness, with research into road users' behaviour and implications for business; working with car manufacturers in the development of vehicle technology standards; and working with local authorities on introducing local charging schemes to tackle congestion problems. This document is published alongside the Transport White Paper "The future of transport: a network for 2030" (Cm. 6234, ISBN 0101623429).
Building on the policy measures in the 10 Year Plan for Transport (ISBN 1851124136) published in July 2000, this White Paper considers factors which are likely to shape the transport system over the next 30 years, and sets out the Government's strategy to address these issues, including an outline of expenditure plans to 2015. The Government's three stated themes, upon which the strategy is built, are: sustained investment over the long term, improvements in transport management, and planning ahead. Issues discussed include: managing the increasing demand for travel and the legacy of under-investment in transport infrastructure; measures to improve the road network, including promoting a public debate on road pricing options and working alongside local authorities to tackle local congestion problems; measures to improve the rail network, including support for Crossrail, the project to create a new east-west railway across London; improving public transport, specifically bus services; promoting walking and cycling as alternatives for local trips; aviation and shipping industries; freight transport; devolved decision-making at local and regional levels; strategic options relating to spatial planning and housing growth; environmental concerns; safety and security issues. The scope of the White Paper extends to England, and to Wales and Scotland in so far as it covers UK policy responsibility. Two accompanying documents, i) a review of the Crossrail business case (ISBN 1904763456) and ii) a feasibility study of road pricing in the UK (ISBN 1904763499) are also available.
This publication provides a framework of best practice guidance on the management of healthcare waste to help healthcare organisations and other producers meet legislative requirements. It replaces the Health Services Advisory Committee guidance document 'Safe disposal of clinical waste' (1999). The guidance has been revised and updated to take account of legislative changes governing waste management, storage, carriage, treatment and disposal, health and safety. Key recommendations include: adopting a new methodology for identifying and classifying infectious and medicinal waste called the 'unified approach'; a revised colour-coded best practice waste segregation and packaging system to promote standardisation across the UK; the use of European Waste Catalogue (EWC) codes for waste documentation; and an offensive/hygiene waste stream to describe non-infectious waste (human hygiene waste and sanitary protection waste such as nappies, incontinence pads etc.).
The East Midlands regional plan comprises the regional spatial strategy (RSS) for the period up to 2026. It provides a broad development strategy, identifies the scale and distribution of provision for new housing and priorities for the envrionment, transport, infrastructure, economic development, agriculture, energy, minsreals. waste treatment and disposal. The strategy also provides the longer term planning framework for the Regional Economic Strategy (RES) prepared by the East Midlands Development Agency. The regional plan is divided into four sections: core strategy; spatial strategy; topic based priorities; sub-regional strategies. This document replaces the Regional spatial strategy for the East Midlands (RSS8) (2005, ISBN 9780117539419) except for paragraphs 1-70 of section 6 comprising Part A of the Milton Keynes and South Midlands Sub-Regional Strategy, which remains extant. It also replaces all policies in adopted structure plans except for the Northamptronshire Structure Plan policy SDA1 which remains extant.
Following on from a consultation process, this White Paper contains a number of proposals based around three core principles: developing a unified approach to the historic environment; maximising opportunities for inclusion and involvement; and supporting sustainable communities by putting the historic environment at the heart of an effective planning system. The first section sets out legislative change and implementation arrangements for England; the second part cover implementation arrangements for Wales; and the third section covers legislative change effecting the marine historic environment across the UK. Proposals include: the creation of a single system for national designation to replace listing, scheduling and registering; the publication of new detailed selection criteria for national and local designation; responsibility for national designation devolved in England to English Heritage; improved public access to designation records through new internet portals, along with new consultation and appeal processes; new statutory management agreements for historic sites; clearer and enhanced protections for World Heritage Sites; and the introduction of a new statutory duty for local authorities to maintain or have access to Historic Environment Records.
Lord Heseltine, 'No stone unturned: in pursuit of growth' (available at http://www.bis.gov.uk/assets/biscore/corporate/docs/n/12-1213-no-stone-unturned-in-pursuit-of-growth) made 89 wide-ranging recommendations to the Government, across areas of public policy that affect economic growth. Today, the Government announced it is accepting the overwhelming majority of these recommendations and setting out how the Government is addressing the priorities Lord Heseltine identified, equipping the UK to compete and thrive in the global race. At the heart of this is action to reverse excessive centralisation, freeing local areas from Whitehall control and giving businesses and local leaders the power and the funding to do what they need to achieve their potential. The Government will create a new Single Local Growth Fund from 2015 that will include the key economic levers of skills, housing and transport funding, with full details set out at the forthcoming Spending Round. It will also harness the power of competition to get the best from places, negotiating a local Growth Deal with every Local Enterprise Partnership (LEP), with the allocation of the Single Local Growth Fund reflecting the quality of their ideas and local need. This is a something-for-something deal and local areas will be challenged to put in place the right governance across local authorities, pool resources, and find match funding from the private sector. £2.6 billion has already been allocated through the Regional Growth Fund, forecast to deliver and safeguard 500,000 jobs and £13 billion of private investment
Report by the Secretary of State for Communities and Local Government under section 78A of the Local Government Finance Act 1988. On cover and title page: Local government finance (England)
This White Paper sets out the key principles for supporting the public to make healthier and more informed choices in regards to their health. The Government will provide information and practical support to get people motivated and improve emotional wellbeing and access to services so that healthy choices are easier to make." -- Publisher's website.
The Government recognises that many lifestyle-driven health problems are at alarming levels: obesity; high rates of sexually transmitted infections; a relatively large population of drug users; rising levels of harm from alcohol; 80,000 deaths a year from smoking; poor mental health; health inequalities between rich and poor. This white paper outlines the Government's proposals to protect the population from serious health threats; help people live longer, healthier and more fulfilling lives; and improve the health of the poorest. It aims to empower individuals to make healthy choices and give communities and local government the freedom, responsibility and funding to innovate and develop ways of improving public health in their area. The paper responds to Sir Michael Marmot's strategic review of health inequalities in England post 2010 - "Fair society, healthy lives" (available at http://www.marmotreview.org/AssetLibrary/pdfs/Reports/FairSocietyHealthyLives.pdf) and adopts its life course framework for tackling the wider social determinants of health. A new dedicated public health service - Public Health England - will be created to ensure excellence, expertise and responsiveness, particularly on health protection where a national response is vital. The paper gives a timetable showing how the proposals will be implemented and an annex sets out a vision of the role of the Director of Public Health. The Department is also publishing a fuller story on the health of England in "Our health and wellbeing today" (http://www.dh.gov.uk/prod_consum_dh/groups/dh_digitalassets/@dh/@en/@ps/documents/digitalasset/dh_122238.pdf), detailing the challenges and opportunities, and in 2011 will issue documents on major public health issues.
This publication outlines the principles involved in design, installation and testing of hot and cold water supply, storage and distribution systems for health care premises It is apllicable to both new and existing sites. A companion volume, Part B, Operational management (ISBN 0113227450) is also available. HTM 04-01 supersedes HTM 2027 (1995) and HTM 2040 (1994)
This document sets out the priorities for the NHS up to 2008 based on the process of reform set out in the NHS Plan (Cm. 4818-I ISBN 0101481829). It is in three sections. The first 'Laying the foundations' looks at the progress so far in NHS reform. The second section 'Offering a better service' sets out the objectives of the policy under the headings of personalised care, supporting people with long-term conditions, and a healthier and fitter population. One of the aims is to change the NHS from a sickness service to a service that gives a higher priority to the prevention of disease and a reduction of health inequalities. The third section is called 'Making it happen' and it covers investment and diversity of provision, staff and working practices and information systems.
High speed rail is already being constructed or been used in many nations. Britain's exile from this would mean losing out to global competitors. The long term option in investing in high speed rail would transform and allow Britain to compete globally and for national economic prosperity. Such investment in faster and more convenient journeys between the major cities and international networks will achieve two objectives; supporting companies and wealth creators and also better connect communities. Further upgrades of existing lines can provide additional capacity but growth in demand looks set to outstrip the pace of this and is seen as a short term approach unable to meet long term challenges. The choice is not between building new lines or not but what type of new line to build and new lines only built to enable conventional speeds would certainly fail to reap the economic rewards offered by high speed. HS2 is also about enough capacity for passengers - those on crowded inter city trains will increasingly be forced to stand for long periods and for commuters who eventually will be unable to get on their trains at peak times. There are further benefits of increasing rail freight, getting lorries off roads and saving carbon. The Government is also committed to developing a national high speed rail network with the lowest feasible impacts on local communities and the natural environment. In response to the consultation process there have been changes - additional tunnelling and alignment of the route in a number of places. The Government wishes to see further engagement with local people as the project progresses and as further environmental assessment is undertaken. The Government wants to reassure people that the project is both affordable and can be delivered to time and budget
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