This compendium brings together recent outturn data, estimated outturns for the latest year and spending plans over the whole range of UK public expenditure. It includes data for expenditure for central government, local government and public corporations, as well as an analysis of public expenditure by country and region. Analyses generally cover the nine years 1999-2000 to 2007-08, with some series presented over a longer time period. It is published annually, normally alongside the main supply estimates and supplementary budget information.
This report examines the impact on Scotland of the current economic crisis, specifically the recapitalisation of two of its largest banks: Royal Bank of Scotland (RBS) and the newly merged Lloyds TSB and Halifax Bank of Scotland. Evidence suggests that customers are not being fairly treated by the very banks being supported by taxpayers' money to the tune of hundreds of billions of pounds. The Committee is disappointed that both banks and the Minister consider it a necessary evil to reward to certain bank executives with enormous bonuses when thousands of rank and file employees face redundancy. They are not convinced that there has been a change of culture within banks as a result of the crisis and are concerned that front-line staff are still being pressured to sell potentially unsuitable products such as loans and credit cards to customers at pre-crisis levels. Furthermore, small and medium sized businesses vital to the Scottish economy have experienced extreme difficulties in the past eighteen months in accessing the finance necessary to keep themselves afloat. This inquiry specifically covered the effect of the banking crisis on jobs, services to the public and small business lending in Scotland; the effect of the failure of Scottish banks and building societies on the international reputation of Scotland's banking sector and the effectiveness of measures put in place by the UK Government
This report contains the Government's response to the Commttee's 4th report of session 2006-07 (HL paper 109, ISBN 9780104010723). The response is published without comment as an appendix. The 4th report examined the Government's proposals on radioactive waste management following publication of the final report of the Committee on Radioactive Waste Management in July 2006: "Managing our radioactive waste safely: CoRWM's recommendations to Government", http://www.corwm.org.uk/PDF/FullReport.pdf and the Government response http://www.defra.gov.uk/environmen
The UK's aid programme, much of which is delivered from Scotland, is genuinely transformational. The UK provided £8.7 billion of aid in 2012/13, but it is the quality of this aid - not just its quantity - which sets the UK apart. As part of the UK, Scotland makes a tremendous contribution to all this. If Scotland were to become an independent country, its development agency would inevitably be a much smaller player. From 2013 onwards, the UK Government plans to spend 0.7% of Gross National Income on Official Development Assistance. If Scotland were to become independent, the UK's overall GNI - and the amount of money it spends on ODA - would fall. "Scotland has 8.3% of the UK's population share, so we estimate that the UK's ODA would fall by around 8.3%, or £1 billion. DFID's work - either its bilateral programmes or its funding to multilateral organisations - would inevitably then be subject to cuts. MPs are also concerned that during any transitional period, the restructuring of DFID and the setup of an independent Scottish development agency would divert management attention towards restructuring and away from frontline delivery by both agencies. In addition, a significant proportion of DFID's workforce is based at its Scottish office in East Kilbride, including a number of senior staff. By contrast, the number of jobs available with an independent Scottish development agency is likely to be relatively few (or the new Scottish development agency would be heavily overstaffed). The impact on jobs would therefore be substantial.
This is the 31st report on senior salaries (Cm. 7556, ISBN 9780101755627) and is presented by the Review Body on Senior Salaries established in 1993. The Review Body provides independent advice to the Prime Minister, the Lord Chancellor and the Secretaries of State for Defence and Health on the remuneration of holders of judicial office; senior civil servants; senior officers of the armed forces; senior managers in the NHS (chief executives, executive directors) and other equivalent public appointments. The publication is divided into 5 chapters, with 9 appendices. The chapters cover the following areas: Chapter 1: Introduction and economic evidence; Chapter 2: The senior civil service; Chapter 3: Senior officers in the armed forces; Chapter 4: The judiciary; Chapter 5: Very senior managers in the National Health Service. There are 19 recommedations set out over these 5 chapters, including: that senior civil service base pay be increased by 2.1%; that permanent secretaries' base pay be increased by 2.1%; that the MoD produce further evidence on the job evaluation exercise of the senior military, including 4-star officers; that administrations in England and Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland make collection of information in job weight a priority and continue work with the judiciary to collect meaningful data to show whether job weight at different levels is changing over time; that from 1 April 2009 the pay for Very Senior Managers in the NHS should increase by 2.4%. The publication sets out in various tables the recommended salaries for the above holders.
This paper analyses the UK's approach to identifying and managing threats to the national security of the UK, and the implications for these arrangements of a vote for independence. It complements analysis of the UK's approach to defence explored elsewhere in the Scotland analysis series. It is clearly in the UK's interests to be surrounded by secure and resilient neighbouring countries, including - in the event of a yes vote - an independent Scottish state. While the UK endeavours to work with other countries and international organisations to improve security and fight organised crime for everyone's mutual benefit there is something qualitatively different about being influential and intimately connected with the rest of the UK by being a part of it. Issues of national security are of the utmost sensitivity, linked to a country's foreign, security and defence policy posture, and any decisions are closely related to matters of sovereignty and democratic accountability. For this reason, a security union is closely connected to the existence of a political union. The creation of an independent Scottish state would see an end to the current arrangements for ensuring Scotland's security, as Scotland, including Police Scotland, would no longer be part of the UK's national security infrastructure and capabilities. In practical terms this means that the present level of strategic and operational communication and co-ordination that occurs everyday across the UK, with Scotland playing a key role within it - whether concerned with counter-terrorism, fighting serious and organised crime or protecting against cyber threats - would end
The Bologna Process is a non-binding inter-governmental initiative to develop a European Higher Education Area (EHEA), by 2010, which would enable higher education qualifications to be comparable, whilst maintaining national autonomy and flexibility. This inquiry has been undertaken to make a contribution to the London Ministerial Summit on 17-18 May 2007. There are five main conclusions: 1) there is overwhelming support for the UK to play a leading role; 2) there is a desire to maintain the distinction between the voluntary, bottom-up process, which is focussed on academic cooperation, and the European Community; 3) there are anxieties about a rigid commitment to a three cycle (bachelors, masters, doctoral) course structure, especially in relation to self-standing integrated Masters courses; 4) there are doubts that the full that the full significance of the coming into existence of the EHEA has been fully recognised; 5) the government has not been sufficiently pro-active in disseminating information and identifying and possibly resolving potential difficulties.
This report identifies the inherent tension within the role of the Attorney General where political, ministerial functions have to balanced with the provision of independent legal advice and the supervision of the prosecution service. Although there is a need for accountability to Parliament and the public for the duties carried out, there is also a need for reform to ensure clear lines of responsibility and remove the suspicion of political pressure. The Committee therefore recommend that the duties of the Attorney General be split. The purely legal functions should be carried out by an official who is outside party political life, whilst a minister in the Ministry of Justice should carry out the ministerial duties.
The Senior Salaries Review Body's remit now covers certain senior managers in the National Health Service, as well as leaders in the law, the armed forces and the Civil Service. The Body detects signs that the pay of these groups is falling increasingly behind that of comparable groups in the wider public and private sectors, and that is beginning to cause problems of recruitment, retention and morale. The increases proposed are moderate, but the report stresses that it would be against the public interest in the longer term if the quality or performance of the state's senior managers and judges were to deteriorate.
This report examines the arrangements in place for communication between the UK Government and Scottish Executive, particularly when the UK Government formulates international policy which will specifically affect Scottish interests and devolved matters. Generally there are effective channels of communication at both ministerial and official level between the two governments. Whitehall tends to overlook the Scottish angle of policy and legislation more often in those departments which are unfamiliar with devolved matters. We recommend that the Government ensures that each department has a devolution champion to ensure that there is a good level of awareness of devolution issues. The revival of the Joint Ministerial Committee should provide an important forum for discussion between Ministers of the UK Government and devolved administrations. However, there is little opportunity for parliamentary scrutiny of the outcomes and effectiveness of the Committee's meetings. The report welcomes the publication of the new Protocol for Avoidance and Resolution of Disputes as the 2001 Memorandum of Understanding did not provide adequate guidance on how disputes between the UK and Scotland should be resolved. This was demonstrated during the communications between the governments on the UK's negotiations with Libya on the Prisoner Transfer Agreement. Both Governments should display the necessary political will to ensure that both understand each other's point of view and demonstrate the mutual respect which should characterise all their dealings.
The Sewel Convention seeks to ensure that the UK Parliament legislates on devolved matters only with the express agreement of the Scottish Parliament, and consent is also required for legislation on reserved matters if it alters the powers of the Scottish Parliament or Scottish Ministers. Following on from a report by the Scottish Parliament Procedures Committee on the operation of the Convention (SP paper 428, 7th report, session 2 (2005) (ISBN 1406113220) published in October 2005), the Committee's report focuses on ways of improving the communications procedure between the Scottish and Westminster Parliaments, and how MPs could be better alerted that a particular Bill before Parliament had been subject to a Sewel motion in the Scottish Parliament. Recommendations made include: the introduction of a formal process whereby the Scottish Parliament notifies Westminster when a Sewel motion has been passed and the 'tagging' of all relevant public Bills; and the need for an explicit statement on explanatory notes to Bills as to which parts of the UK the provisions will affect. The report also recommends the further consideration of the need to establish a 'Super' Scottish Grand Committee, composed of Scottish MPs, MSPs and Scottish MEPs, to discuss matters of mutual interest.
Supply estimates are the means by which the Government seeks from Parliament sufficient funds and parliamentary authority for the bulk of departmental expenditure each year. In the course of the year the Government may need to ask Parliament for additional resources and/or cash. This volume contains 32 supplementary estimates and one new estimate.
This document sets out the United Kingdom's strategy, known as CONTEST, for countering the threat from international terrorism. The aim of CONTEST is to reduce the risk to the United Kingdom (UK) and its interests overseas from international terrorism, so that people can go about their lives freely and with confidence. This is a revised and more detailed version of the strategy contained in "The national security strategy of the United Kingdom" (Cm. 7291, 2008, ISBN 9780101729123). The first part sets the context with a brief history of the changing threat to the United Kingdom and to UK interests overseas from international terrorism, examines the present threat, the factors which are shaping it and the assumptions about how it may develop. The second part sets out the principles which will govern the strategy, including a commitment to human rights and the rule of law, recognition of the need to address the causes as well as the symptoms of terrorism and the need to co-operate with other countries. The four main streams of the CONTEST strategy are: (1) pursue - to stop terrorist attacks; (2) prevent - to stop people becoming terrorists or supporting violent extremism; (3) protect - to strengthen our protection against terrorist attack; (4) prepare - where an attack cannot be stopped, to mitigate its impact. The third part of the document outlines who will deliver the strategy and how its impact will be measured. The document concludes with a section explaining the importance of communications as a part of the counter-terrorism strategy.
This report examines the Crown Estate Commissioner's management of the Crown property, rights and interests which make up the Crown Estate in Scotland. The Commissioner's operations in Scotland can be split into two categories: ancient possessions/responsibilities and modern activities relating to the buying, selling and management of property and land. The evidence identified major issues, particularly in relation to the seabed and the foreshore: including lack of accountability, lack of communication and consultation with local communities, the inappropriateness of the Commissioner's remit for its responsibilities in the marine environment, the cash leakage from local economies and other adverse impacts. There were no such problems in relation to the management of urban and rural estate. The Commissioner's responsibilities for the seabed, the foreshore and other ancient rights in Scotland should be devolved then decentralized as far as possible. Devolution to Holyrood should be conditional upon agreement between the Secretary of State for Scotland and the Scottish Government on how such a scheme of subsidiarity to local authority and local community levels should be implemented. This report also sets out how different arrangements could be made for each of the Scottish Crown property rights and responsibilities. Further consultation should proceed on the basis of proposals set out by the Highlands and Islands local authorities, which provides a clear framework on which to base discussion.
England's planning system underpins the country's economic growth and development, but there is a significant risk that major Government targets for housebuilding and regeneration will be missed because the system is unable to manage the volume or variety of tasks.
This White Paper sets out the Government's proposals for a Marine Bill designed to establish a new UK-wide strategic system of marine planning to balance conservation, energy and resource needs, based on the principle of sustainable development and working with the devolved administrations. Key provisions of the proposed Bill will be: the creation of a new Marine Management Organisation (MMO) to provide a holistic approach to marine policy covering planning, licensing and enforcement issues; a more streamlined, transparent and efficient marine licensing system; new mechanisms to supplement existing tools for the conservation of marine ecosystems and biodiversity, including marine conservation zones for important species and habitats that cannot be protected under European law; and reform of the management of inshore fisheries and recreational sea angling, including stronger enforcement powers and the recovery of costs of fishing vessel licence administration.
This is the fourth National Statistics annual report which highlights the variety of work carried out by statisticians and other analysts in the Government Statistical Service (GSS) during the year 2003-04. It considers the progress made in implementing the statistical plans set out in the National Statistics Work Programme for 2003/04 to 2005/06, across three main areas of work: major developments in cross-cutting departmental or theme boundaries; work carried out under the aegis of the 12 National Statistics Theme Groups; and quality improvements carried out in the context of the National Statistics Quality Review Programme.
OGCbuying.solutions is an executive agency of the Office of Government Commerce and a trading fund. It was established in April 2001 to maximise the value for money obtained by government departments and other public bodies through the procurement and supply of goods and services. Its operations focus on three areas: framework agreements, managed services and memoranda of undertaking. The agency reported value for money savings of £412 million in 2005-06, an increase of 71 per cent since 2003-04. Whilst these savings are judged to be significant, this NAO report identifies considerable potential to achieve further value for money savings and makes six recommendations to help OGCbuying.solutions further improve its performance. The NAO report estimates that these changes, combined with a more co-ordinated public sector procurement landscape, could achieve a potential £520 million to £660 million in further savings.
In this report, the Scottish Affairs Committee warns that the proposed changes to the student visa system could have a disproportionate impact on Scottish universities and the Scottish economy. Given the size of the higher education sector in Scotland, and that the proposals are primarily designed to address a problem which is largely insignificant in Scotland, the high standard of Scottish education and the financial status of many institutions, could, unintentionally, be compromised and diminished. The MPs warn that Scottish circumstances were not adequately taken into account when proposals, that will apply across the UK, were drawn up, and they call for action to adjust the UK criteria accordingly. They believe that the visa proposals are likely to damage partnership working between universities and industry. International students choose to study in Scotland because of the opportunity to get a high standard of education and, often, the opportunity to gain valuable work experience in specialist subjects like petroleum engineering. A system that allows a certain number of international students to come to Scotland benefits the students, the universities and the Scottish economy. Changes to the immigration and visa system should not put this at risk. The Committee urges the government to address as a matter of urgency: the adverse impact of the proposals on the Scottish economy, the lack of focus in the proposals on bogus colleges rather than all, overwhelmingly reputable, institutions and the need to separately recognise students within the definition of immigrant.
Network Rail owns most of Britain's 2507 stations and is responsible for their structural repair and renewal. It also operates and manages 17 large stations, known as managed stations. It leases the remainder, known as franchised stations, to 22 Train Operating Companies (TOCs) responsible for station maintenance, cleaning and operations. The Strategic Rail Authority (SRA) sets minimum standards, including facilities and services required at franchised stations, monitors TOCs' compliance with requirements and helps fund stations' operation and improvement. In this report, NAO examines whether passengers are satisfied with station facilities and services and whether station requirements are being met, the barriers to station improvement and what is being done to overcome them. There has been a little improvement in passengers' satisfaction over recent years. National Passenger Survey data show that satisfaction increased from 59 per cent to 63 per cent between 1999 and 2005, but the greatest levels of dissatisfaction are with the more than 2000 small and medium-sized stations which are unstaffed, or staffed for only part of the day, and which have few facilities. But there is a gap between rising passenger expectations on the one hand, and value for money and what the government and the industry can afford to spend on the other. Funding constraints constitute the biggest barrier to further improvement. Having originally envisaged spending £225 million on new facilities at 980 stations in its Modern Facilities at Stations programme, the SRA shrank the programme to £25 million and 68 stations to match the amount of money the Department for Transport made available.
In 1999 the European Union introduced a Directive that require the UK to reduce the amount of biodegradable waste disposed of in landfill. By 2010 we have to landfill 75% of the amount landfilled in 1995. This figure reduces to 50% by 2013 and 35% by 2020. If the target is not met then the UK could be fined for non-compliance. So far DEFRA has spent £336 million on initiatives to reduce the amount of landfill, but reductions have been offset by growth in the amount of waste produced and there is a risk that the targets will not be met. An emphasis on recycling alone is not enough. DEFRA needs to focus on helping the 25 authorities that send most to landfill and help develop alternative waste facilities, as well as encouraging more households to recycle and compost. This examination of the problem is in four parts: 1) England needs to reduce the amount of biodegradable municipal waste disposed through landfill; 2) earlier delays I taking action made European Union targets more difficult to achieve; 3) without a step change in existing local authority plans, England will not achieve its share of the reductions in landfill the European Union requires by 2010 and 2013; 4) recycling and minimisation need to contribute more to reducing the amount of biodegradable municipal waste sent to landfill.
This is the 16th edition in the series of reports on economic conditions of the UK agriculture industry. The Government will draw on this information when considering policy issues, including proposals by the European Commission in respect of the Common Agricultural Policy and the provision for agricultural support. Chapters look at: key events in 2003; farming income and agriculture in the economy; the structure of the industry; trade; prices; commodities; organic farming; accounts; productivity; subsidies; conservation and land management; environmental issues; and public expenditure on agriculture.
In its 7th report of session 2006-07 (HC 345-I, ISBN 9780215521330) on British Waterways (BW), the Committee pressed for adequate funding of the waterways network and expressed concern at the poor relations that existed at the time between the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) and BW. This further report was prompted by BW's decision in February 2008 to withdraw from the partnership to restore the Cotswold Canals in order to fund urgent repairs to the Monmouthshire and Brecon Canal. The report focuses on BW's regeneration and restoration work, but also looks at how Defra and BW are working together and the Committee is encouraged by an improvement in the relationship and communication between the two bodies. Restoration of canals produces little if any direct benefit to BW and BW has often carried all the financial risk in such projects. Canal restoration schemes can be of great value to the areas where the canals are restored, producing knock-on benefits such as more jobs and visitor income. The BW Board is charged primarily with maintaining the existing waterways network and cannot be expected to take on substantial risk from restoration projects, especially in present economic conditions. If the public sector wishes to obtain external benefits from canal restoration schemes, the bodies responsible for obtaining those benefits should bear the risk. Defra, with British Waterways and other interested bodies, should develop a mechanism to score and prioritise public investment in canal restoration according to the external benefits that would be created, and should agree how the financial risks of such projects should be borne.
These notes refer to the Welfare Reform Act 2007 (c. 5) (ISBN 9780105405078) which received Royal Assent on 3 May 2007. This Act makes provision for the Employment and Support Allowance, which will replace incapacity benefit and income support on the grounds of incapacity. The benefit will have a new structure that incorporates both a contributory allowance and an income-related allowance, with the introduction of conditionality to some claimants receiving benefit. It also contains provisions relating to housing benefit, including measures to allow the reduction of benefit if a person is evicted for anti-social behaviour; and social security administration, including in relation to the the sharing of information, overpayment recovery and benefit fraud.
400 million tonnes of waste is produced in England and Wales from industrial, commercial and household sources, with 375 million tonnes produced in England alone. Following on from its previous report on waste management issues (HCP 385-I, session 2002-03, ISBN 0215010876) published in May 2003, the Committee's report focuses on the progress being made to meet targets for recycling, and the impact of the EU Landfill Directive on reducing the amount of waste sent to landfills, particularly in hazardous waste landfill capacity. Findings include that waste policy has a lower public profile than many other environmental issues, and its development is hindered by a lack of quality data. Concerns are raised about the level of hazardous waste that is unaccounted for, following the ending of co-disposal of hazardous and non-hazardous waste in the same landfill. Government funding for research into new treatment technologies is welcomed, but more investment is needed; and the planning system is a key influence on the country's waste management capacity. The Committee also recommends that the Landfill Tax should be increased to £35 per tonne; and that the introduction of local authority schemes to promote household waste recycling should be left at the discretion of local councils, with variable charging schemes only introduced if this can avoid disadvantaging low-income families.
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