This new textbook for students taking courses in evolution is addressed to one of the most difficult questions evolutionary biology, that of selection. Covering both artificial and natural selection, the author has written a short, readable text that will appeal to students and professionals alike. how the nature of the process determines the nature of evolutionary change.
Introducing the pipe-smoking DI Ernest Hardcastle, bluff straight-talker, canny investigator and no respecter of privilege.1916. In a London shocked by reports of the first days of the Somme, a woman is found murdered in Shoreditch. At first it's thought she was a common streetwalker, but then she's identified as someone MI5 have had under observation and who has an address book containing the names of some of the high and mighty names in the land. Hardcastle is brought in to take charge of the case, but his forthright and common sense approach does not sit comfortably with the help - and hindrance - of the MI5.
In the early 1980s, Graham Walker wrote his classic two-volume monograph Cryocoolers. Records show that sections of this work have been referenced more often and by more authors than any other cryogenic paper published in the mid-1980s. Nevertheless, the significant time lapse in so dynamica field and Walker and Bingham's experience of teaching short courses has revealed the need for a more up-to-date book - one that is more compact, lower in cost, and embraces more topics. Low-capacity Cryogenic Refrigeration provides an elementary yet comprehensive introduction to the subject, with diverse applications in scientific, medical, educational, military, and civil systems. It is complementary to the earlier two-volume work, but covers a wider field and has a wealth ofinformation about the new developments in the last fifteen years. In addition to descriptions of all the principal methods to achieve low-capacity cryogenic refrigeration, this new volume contains a valuable guide to the literature sources and references more advanced works.
It's impossible to tell the story of Court Line without telling that of Autair, founded by helicopter pioneer William 'Bill' Armstrong. Autair itself was an offshoot of his global helicopter operation, but Bill also had his finger in many aviation 'pies' including a multitude of operations in Africa, where so many aircraft and airlines were created, bought and sold with such prolificacy that even he could not remember the names and how many there were! There is also the background to Court Line's shipping concerns and the Caribbean operations of the hotel chains and regional airline Leeward Islands Air Transport which Court owned for a while.Covered in detail is the introduction, demonstration and use of the Lockheed TriStar wide-bodied airliner, the first of the type used in the Inclusive Tour business.Court Line Aviation and Tom Gullick's Clarksons Holidays brought to the forefront the concept of value-for-money Inclusive Tour holidays following the 'vertical integration' business model whereby owning and controlling each step of the holiday allowed the company to make a small profit at every stage.The orange, pink, turquoise and yellow jets brought flashes of color to dreary British airports, and quickly streamed a multi-colored rainbow across European skies to Mediterranean destinations and even further afield. Truly they did indeed put colors in the Sky!
Of the many human characteristics, few evoke greater admiration and respect than gallantry in the service of one's country. Here, Graham Pitchfork describes the outstanding bravery of twenty-one air men who served in the Royal Air Force and the Fleet Air Arm during the Second World War. These accounts encompass most theaters of operation as well as a host of aircraft types and aircrew categories. Accounts of the gallantry of those who served on the ground in support of flying operations are also relayed in this substantial anthology. rnrnThe book explores the gallantry of airmen who fought in a variety of contexts, including that band of men who are so often forgotten, the Burma veterans. A gallant RAF sergeant and an RAF doctor who cared for and inspired fellow prisoners in Japanese camps are both included here, as are stories relating the extreme bravery of a Fleet Air Arm pilot, a Pathfinder pilot and a Typhoon wing leader.rnrnThe valorous acts of these airmen serve as inspirational examples to a new generation of flying men and women. Graham Pitchfork extracts the drama and poignancy of their tales, enlivening them to great effect in this riveting publication that is sure to appeal broadly to enthusiasts of the era.Links End Links Author End Author
Intrusive Interventions is a history and critical study of public health in the Victorian and Edwardian period. Drawing on an array of archival sources from across provincial England and London, it investigates the emergence and consolidation of a set of government policies that came to be known as infectious disease surveillance, including compulsory infectious disease notification, domestic quarantine, mandatory removal to a hospital, contact tracing, and the disinfection of homes and belongings. Although these were a set of spatialized practices implemented in diverse settings such as hospitals, schools, and disinfecting stations, their effect was to retrain the gaze of public health onto domestic space and in the process both disrupt and reinforce the centrality of the family and domesticity in Victorian and Edwardian culture. Examining political ideologies of freedom and individuality as well as social policy, medical theory, laboratory research, material culture, and public health practice, author Graham Mooney argues that infectious disease surveillance reconfigured late nineteenth-century hygienic norms and forms of citizenship. Public health practice had to be continually reshaped in order to negate the political fallout of a tendency toward coercion and unwanted interference -- debates that, as the author of this important study points out, continue to resonate today. Graham Mooney is Assistant Professor at the Institute of the History of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University.
Smoking Geographies provides a research-led assessment of the impact of geographical factors on smoking. The contributors uncover how geography can show us not only why people smoke but also broader issues of tobacco control, providing deeper clarity on how smoking and tobacco is ‘governed’. The text centres on one of the most important public health issues worldwide, and a major determinant of preventable mortality and morbidity in developed and developing countries Records the outcomes of a long-term research collaboration that brings a geographical lens to smoking behaviour Uncovers how geography can play a part in understanding not only why people smoke but also broader issues of tobacco control Provides a deeper understanding of how smoking and tobacco is ‘governed’, regarding where people may smoke, but also more subtle governance as a climate is produced in which smoking becomes ‘denormalised’ Brings both quantitative and qualitative perspectives to bear on this major source of mortality and morbidity
This book provides a comprehensive history of the ideas and ideologues associated with the racial fascist tradition in Britain. It charts the evolution of the British extreme right from its post-war genesis after 1918 to its present-day incarnations, and details the ideological and strategic evolution of British fascism through the prism of its principal leaders and the movements with which they were associated. Taking a collective biographical approach, the book focuses on the political careers of six principal ideologues and leaders, Arnold Leese (1878–1956); Sir Oswald Mosley (1896–1980); A.K. Chesterton (1899–1973); Colin Jordan (1923–2009); John Tyndall (1934–2005); and Nick Griffin (1959–), in order to study the evolution of the racial ideology of British fascism, from overtly biological conceptions of ‘white supremacy’ through ‘racial nationalism’ and latterly to ‘cultural’ arguments regarding ‘ethno-nationalism’. Drawing on extensive archival research and often obscure primary texts and propaganda as well as the official records of the British government and its security services, this is the definitive historical account of Britain’s extreme right and will be essential reading for all students and scholars of race relations, extremism and fascism.
Cytochromes c are haemoproteins which carry out electron transfer in a wide variety of biological systems, necessitating different kinds of cytochrome c to fulfill different biological roles. The evolutionary relationship between cytochromes c and their host organisms are described, as well as their structural, spectroscopic and redox properties, including both electron-transfer rates and redox potentials. The treatment is aimed at the non-specialist so that both the techniques described and their application to cytochromes c can be understood. All classes of cytochrome c are dealt with to provide a comprehensive account of the field. No other text provides such a broad survey. Similar to the earlier volume "Cytochromes c: Biological Aspects" which deals with the classification, biosynthesis and biological role of cytochromes c, the present book is aimed at research workers and advanced students.
There is no town in Western Australia which has a richer history and heritage than Fremantle. Established in 1829 it was where the first colonists to what was then called Swan River Colony first landed. However, the history of Fremantle cannot be told in isolation so any story about Fremantle is also a story about Western Australia and if storekeeping was the first occupation to be followed in the new colony, then hotel keeping was the next. Within six months of the colony being founded Fremantle had four hotels so this book traces the history of those early Fremantle hotels and how they, and the hotels that followed, shaped the culture and appearance of Fremantle today. To know the history of those hotels is to know the history of Fremantle.
The Second Edition of this successful textbook provides a clear, well-written introduction to both the fundamental principles of optics and the key aspects of photonics to show how the subject has developed in the last few decades, leading to many modern applications. Optics and Photonics: An Introduction, Second Edition thus provides a complete undergraduate course on optics in a single integrated text, and is an essential resource for all undergraduate physics, science and engineering students taking a variety of optics based courses. Specific changes for this edition include: New material on modern optics and photonics Rearrangement of chapters to give a logical progression, comprising groups of chapters on geometric optics, wave optics and photonics Many more worked examples and problems Substantial revisions to chapters on Holography, Lasers and the Interaction of Light with Matter Solutions can be found at: www.booksupport.wiley.com
Help students to develop their knowledge and build essential skills with practical assessment guidance and plenty of support for the new mathematical requirements in this updated, all-in-one textbook for Years 1 and 2. Combining everything your students need to know for the Pearson Edexcel A level Physics specification, this revised textbook will: - Support practical assessment with practical skill summaries throughout. - Provide support for all 16 required practicals with detailed explanations, data and exam style questions for students to answer. - Build understanding and knowledge with a variety of questions to engage and challenge students throughout the course: prior knowledge, worked examples, 'Test yourself' and exam practice questions. - Aid mathematical understanding and application with worked examples of calculations and a dedicated 'Maths for Physics' chapter. - Develop understanding and enable self- and peer-assessment with free online access to 'Test yourself' answers.
Disciples of Light contains almost two hundred of the earliest known English and Scottish photographs, most of which have never been published. The volume includes all the significant photographs in the album, compiled by Sir David Brewster, an important early patron of photography. Photographs by William Henry Fox Talbot, the inventor of negative-positive paper photography, are included, as well as works by other photographers who improved upon Talbot's invention. The text discusses the context in which the album was compiled, the personalities of the photographers, and the groups of specific images that it contains. Numerous comparative illustrations are included, as well as a checklist of all photographic images, a bibliography, and an index of all proper names and place names.
An extensive, detailed and definitive exploration and elucidation of the extraordinary meeting ground and interconnections between quantum physics and Buddhist philosophy.
This book investigates the content of the grammar syllabus typically employed in mainstream English Language Teaching. Using a mixed-methods approach, the author examines how the syllabuses used in coursebooks are actually constructed, how they evolved and how valid their contents are as a basis for teaching. The research reported consists of a broad exploration of primary sources in order to outline the evolution of ELT pedagogical grammar; ten interviews with key ELT authors and publishing professionals, which allows for the investigation of the decision-making processes underlying the choice of grammar content in ELT teaching materials; and finally, the presentation of case studies which examine three areas of grammar, analysing the evolution of their treatment in ELT materials (both historical and contemporary) and comparing their current treatment to data on real learner use. This book contributes to the literature on syllabus design and pedagogical grammar and builds on existing research into materials design. It will be of interest to researchers and professionals working in the fields of applied linguistics, pedagogical grammar, curriculum design and materials design.
A history of the British airline company, featuring details on the aircrafts, routes, and operations, as well as stories from the crews and staff. Founded in 1961 as Euravia by British businessman Ted Langton and aviation consultant J.E.D. Walker, at a time of considerable turmoil for the independent sector of the British air operators’ industry, Britannia Airways went on to become the world’s largest holiday airline. Just as Court Line evolved from Autair, so Britannia Airways evolved from Euravia. Both UK airlines had strong links with the travel industry; Court Line with Clarksons Holidays, and Britannia with the Thomson Group, in particular the ‘Sky Tours’ brand. Both were innovative in their own ways, and both grabbed the UK travel industry by the scruff of the neck and shook it into the jet age – Court line traveling down the brasher cheap-and-cheerful road, while Britannia took the more staid, upmarket route. By 1972, Britannia had developed to such a degree that it was the biggest of the British independent charter airlines. It was also a groundbreaking operation—during the late 1960s, it became the first charter airline to offer assigned seating, as well as hot in-flight meals. Prior to the mid-1970s, Britannia, much like other British charter airlines of the era, had concentrated upon low-cost flights to Spain and the use of provincial airports to provide its services. The company’s management, however, harbored ambitions to grow beyond this. As a result, for example, Britannia's 767s began regular charter flights between Britain and Australia in 1988, a route to New Zealand being added the following year. Between 1968 and 1984, Britannia carried nearly forty-two million passengers, while the company’s fleet grew to include twenty-nine Boeing 737s and a pair of 767s. Drawing on the author’s in-depth research and knowledge, as well as firsthand interviews with individuals such as Ted Langton, the original tour operator who wanted his own airline, and Jed Williams, who created Britannia, this the full story of one of the most important airlines in the history of civil aviation.
Perhaps no scientific development has shaped the course of modern history as much as the harnessing of nuclear energy. Yet the twentieth century might have turned out differently had greater influence over this technology been exercised by Great Britain, whose scientists were at the forefront of research into nuclear weapons at the beginning of World War II. As award-winning biographer and science writer Graham Farmelo describes in Churchill's Bomb, the British set out to investigate the possibility of building nuclear weapons before their American colleagues. But when scientists in Britain first discovered a way to build an atomic bomb, Prime Minister Winston Churchill did not make the most of his country's lead and was slow to realize the Bomb's strategic implications. This was odd -- he prided himself on recognizing the military potential of new science and, in the 1920s and 1930s, had repeatedly pointed out that nuclear weapons would likely be developed soon. In developing the Bomb, however, he marginalized some of his country's most brilliant scientists, choosing to rely mainly on the counsel of his friend Frederick Lindemann, an Oxford physicist with often wayward judgment. Churchill also failed to capitalize on Franklin Roosevelt's generous offer to work jointly on the Bomb, and ultimately ceded Britain's initiative to the Americans, whose successful development and deployment of the Bomb placed the United States in a position of supreme power at the dawn of the nuclear age. After the war, President Truman and his administration refused to acknowledge a secret cooperation agreement forged by Churchill and Roosevelt and froze Britain out of nuclear development, leaving Britain to make its own way. Dismayed, Churchill worked to restore the relationship. Churchill came to be terrified by the possibility of thermonuclear war, and emerged as a pioneer of detente in the early stages of the Cold War. Contrasting Churchill's often inattentive leadership with Franklin Roosevelt's decisiveness, Churchill's Bomb reveals the secret history of the weapon that transformed modern geopolitics.
In this rich and fascinating work, Clarke gives a clear and incisive account of the photograph's historical development, elucidating the insights of the most engaging thinkers on the subject, including Roland Barthes and Susan Sontag. "The Photograph" offers a series of discussions of major themes and genres, providing an up-to-date introduction to the history of photography. 130 illustrations, 16 in color.
The abyssal plain. If you could walk directly into the sea, through the surf and away from the land, you would be likely to descend a gentle slope for two or three days. The water over your head would gradually become deeper, until the surface was about 200m above, say two average city blocks away. About this time the gradient would begin to increase, and soon you are walking quite steeply downhill, with the surface rapidly receding. The sediment beneath your feet will thicken as you approach the edge of the continent, where the soil and debris washed from the land eventually accumulates. At the end of a long day's walk the gradient eases and you stride out onto a prairie that stretches away into the far distance, flat and featureless, or sometimes with rolling hills or even studded with sudden abrupt mountains. The surface is now quite far away, not mere city blocks but the whole downtown core of a large city distant from where you stand. You have arrived at the edge of the abyssal plain. The details of your walk will vary according to where you start out, and might be quite different if you begin in eastern Canada and walk into the Atlantic, say, or in western Canada and walk into the North Pacific. In either case, though, you will eventually reach the abyssal plain, where the last of the land has been left behind and nothing is familiar"--
Without J.P. Bickell, Toronto wouldn’t have the Maple Leafs. A self-made man who left a giant mark on Canada, Bickell was also an industrial giant, a wartime leader, and a philanthropist — a man whose legacy continues to this day.
This is a book both for the reader with a casual interest in ancestry, and the serious researcher of Scottish genealogies. It starts by tracing the ancestry of the Grahams of Grayville, Illinois, to Pennsylvania and Virginia. In the course of following their trails to Ireland and Scotland, the author amasses a library of church history, geography, archaeological data, land records, DNA, military and other historical records that stretches as far back as the first recorded Graham in Scotland, William de Graham. This collection of reference data is preserved in the appendices to assist researchers of Scots-Irish ancestry, not just Grahams. Our Grahams of Pennsylvania and Virginia also includes information on related clans such as the Kirkpatricks, Corries, Murrays, and Armstrongs and provides a new perspective on Scottish history and the origin of the Scottish people using the latest Y-DNA and archaeological data available. It breaks new ground and punctures some long-held misconceptions of family genealogies. It also postulates theories that would explain the facts and circumstances behind several major events, as well as family connections, and legends of Scottish history. Additional DNA testing may eventually prove which theories are correct. Our Grahams of Pennsylvania and Virginia contains a treasure of reference material that can be used by researchers of all levels. It is meticulously researched, fully sourced, and provides access information for almost all source material.
This book aims to provide an example-based education in numerical methods for atomistic and continuum simulations of systems at and away from equilibrium. The focus is on nonequilibrium systems, stressing the use of tools from dynamical systems theory for their analysis. Lyapunov instability and fractal dimensionality are introduced and algorithms for their analysis are detailed. The book is intended to be self-contained and accessible to students who are comfortable with calculus and differential equations.The wide range of topics covered will provide students, researchers and academics with effective tools for formulating and solving interesting problems, both atomistic and continuum. The detailed description of the use of thermostats to control nonequilibrium systems will help readers in writing their own programs rather than being saddled with packaged software.
Retelling of a traditional tale in which a horse is almost left to die by his master, but is saved by the great bell that hangs from the Atri tower. Suggested level: junior, primary.
Short subject films have a long history in American cinemas. These could be anywhere from 2 to 40 minutes long and were used as a "filler" in a picture show that would include a cartoon, a newsreel, possibly a serial and a short before launching into the feature film. Shorts could tackle any topic of interest: an unusual travelogue, a comedy, musical revues, sports, nature or popular vaudeville acts. With the advent of sound-on-film in the mid-to-late 1920s, makers of earlier silent short subjects began experimenting with the short films, using them as a testing ground for the use of sound in feature movies. After the Second World War, and the rising popularity of television, short subject films became far too expensive to produce and they had mostly disappeared from the screens by the late 1950s. This encyclopedia offers comprehensive listings of American short subject films from the 1920s through the 1950s.
Throughout the twentieth century governments came to increasingly appreciate the value of soft power to help them achieve their foreign policy ambitions. Covering the crucial period between 1936 and 1953, this book examines the U.S. government’s adoption of diplomatic programs that were designed to persuade, inform, and attract global public opinion in support of American national interests. Cultural diplomacy and international information were deeply controversial to an American public that been bombarded with propaganda during the First World War. This book explains how new notions of propaganda as reciprocal exchange, cultural engagement, and enlightening information paved the way for innovations in U.S. diplomatic practice. Through a comparative analysis of the State Department’s Division of Cultural Relations, the government radio station Voice of America, and the multilateral cultural, educational and scientific diplomacy of Unesco, and drawing extensively on U.S. foreign policy archives, this book shows how America’s liberal traditions were reconciled with the task of influencing and attracting publics abroad.
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