Legally mandated nurse-to-patient ratios are one of the most controversial topics in health care today. Ratio advocates believe that minimum staffing levels are essential for quality care, better working conditions, and higher rates of RN recruitment and retention that would alleviate the current global nursing shortage. Opponents claim that ratios will unfairly burden hospital budgets, while reducing management flexibility in addressing patient needs. Safety in Numbers is the first book to examine the arguments for and against ratios. Utilizing survey data, interviews, and other original research, Suzanne Gordon, John Buchanan, and Tanya Bretherton weigh the cost, benefits, and effectiveness of ratios in California and the state of Victoria in Australia, the two places where RN staffing levels have been mandated the longest. They show how hospital cost cutting and layoffs in the 1990s created larger workloads and deteriorating conditions for both nurses and their patients-leading nursing organizations to embrace staffing level regulation. The authors provide an in-depth account of the difficult but ultimately successful campaigns waged by nurses and their allies to win mandated ratios. Safety in Numbers then reports on how nurses, hospital administrators, and health care policymakers handled ratio implementation. With at least fourteen states in the United States and several other countries now considering staffing level regulation, this balanced assessment of the impact of ratios on patient outcomes and RN job performance and satisfaction could not be timelier. The authors' history and analysis of the nurse-to-patient ratios debate will be welcomed as an invaluable guide for patient advocates, nurses, health care managers, public officials, and anyone else concerned about the quality of patient care in the United States and the world.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Field-Programmable Logic and Application, FPL 2001, held in Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK, in August 2001. The 56 revised full papers and 15 short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 117 submissions. The book offers topical sections on architectural framework, place and route, architecture, DSP, synthesis, encryption, runtime reconfiguration, graphics and vision, networking, processor interaction, applications, methodology, loops and systolic, image processing, faults, and arithmetic.
Teaching and Learning in a Multilingual School: Choices, Risks, and Dilemmas is for teachers and teacher educators working in communities that educate children who do not speak English as a first language. At the center of the book are findings from a four-year critical ethnographic case study of a Canadian high school with a large number of emigrant students from Hong Kong and rich descriptions of the multitude of ways teachers and students thought about, responded to, and negotiated the issues and dilemmas that arose. The solutions and insights they derived from their experiences of working across linguistic, cultural, and racial differences will be extremely valuable to educators in other locales that have become home to large numbers of immigrant families. The book is designed to help readers think about how the issues and dilemmas in the case study manifest themselves in their own communities and how to apply the insights they gain to their own teaching and learning contexts: * Each chapter includes four components: an excerpt from the ethnographic study; an analytic commentary on the ethnographic text drawn from a variety of theoretical perspectives and academic disciplines (including interactionist sociolinguistics, language minority education, English as a Second Language education, critical literacy, anti-racist education, and critical teacher education); a pedagogical discussion; and suggestions for further reflection and discussion. * The book features the use of ethnographic play writing to engage readers with the issues that arise in multicultural/multilingual schools. The author's play Hong Kong, Canada is included in its entirety and is used to stimulate further discussion of the issues raised in each of the chapters. * Although it is organized around two different kinds of schooling dilemmas--dilemmas of speech and silence, and dilemmas of discrimination--everyday dilemmas of curriculum and assessment are also discussed throughout the book. * A methodological discussion of the choices the author made while designing, conducting, and writing up the critical ethnographic case study makes the book useful in qualitative research methodology courses. * A set of strategies and activities is provided for helping students develop English oral presentation skills.
Consumption forms an essential part of Hong Kong people's lives today, but until now little serious attention has been paid to it. This book fills this gap, in a fascinating way. The contributors to this volume explore such topics as: - the coming of shopping malls to Hong Kong - tenants' senses of home in cramped public housing - the experiences of movie-going - alcohol as a marker of social class - the pursuit of fashion - Chinese art and identity among Hong Kong collectors - the dream and reality of owning a flat - Lan Kwai Fong and its mystique - the McDonald's Snoopy craze of fall 1998 - cultural identity and consumption in Hong Kong today This book shows how the detailed ehtnographic study of consumption in Hong Kong can lead to a deeper understanding of Hong Kong life as a whole, as well as of consumption in the world at large.
Most people still think of themselves as belonging to a particular culture. Yet today, many of us who live in affluent societies choose aspects of our lives from a global cultural supermarket, whether in terms of food, the arts or spiritual beliefs. So if roots are becoming simply one more consumer choice, can we still claim to possess a fundamental cultural identity? Global Culture/Individual Identity focuses on three groups for whom the tension between a particular national culture and the global cultural supermarket is especially acute: Japanese artists, American religious seekers and Hong Kong intellectuals after the handover to China. These ethnographic case studies form the basis for a theory of culture which we can all see reflected in our own lives. Gordon Mathews opens up the complex and debated topics of globalization, culture and identity in a clear and lively style.
Adverse Childhood Experiences: Using Evidence to Advance Research, Practice, Policy, and Prevention defines ACEs, provides a summary of the past 20 years of ACEs research, as well as provides guidance for the future directions for the field. It includes a review of the original ACEs Study, definitions of ACEs, and how ACEs are typically assessed. Other content includes a review of how ACEs are related to mental and physical health outcome, the neurodevelopmental mechanisms linking ACEs to psychopathology, sexual violence and sexual health outcomes, and violence across the lifespan. Important and contemporary issues in the field, like reconsidering how ACEs should be defined and assessed, the appropriateness of routine ACEs screening, thinking about ACEs from a public health and global perspective, strategies for preventing ACEs, understanding ACEs and trauma-informed care and resilience, and the importance of safe stable and nurturing environments for children are discussed. Adverse Childhood Experiences is a useful evidence-based resource for professionals working with children and families, including physicians, nurses, social workers, psychologists, lawyers, judges, as well as public health leaders, policy makers, and government delegates. - Reviews the past 20 years of ACEs research - Examines ACEs and mental and physical health - Discusses the neurodevelopment mechanisms of ACEs and psychopathology - Examines ACEs and violence across the lifespan - Reconsiders the definition and assessment of ACEs - Examines the issue of routine ACEs screening - Discusses ACEs from a public health and global perspective - Summarizes effective ACEs prevention, trauma-informed care, and resilience - Provides recommendations for the future directions of the ACEs field
Written by three academic specialists on Hong Kong cultural identity, social history, and mass media, this book explores Hong Kong's cultural relation to the Chinese nation and state in the recent past, present, and future.
Get comprehensive, practical coverage of both surgical and non-surgical treatment approaches from the world's most trusted authorities in spine surgery and care. Rothman-Simeone and Herkowitz's The Spine, 7th Edition, edited by Drs. Steven R. Garfin, Frank J. Eismont, Gordon R. Bell, Jeffrey S. Fischgrund, and Christopher M. Bono, presents state-of-the-art techniques helping you apply today's newest developments in your practice. - Highlights critical information through the use of pearls, pitfalls, and key points throughout the text, as well as more than 2,300 full-color photographs and illustrations. - Offers a newly revised, streamlined format that makes it easier than ever to find the information you need. - Contains new chapters on the clinical relevance of finite element modeling and SI joint surgery. - Includes an expanded section on minimally invasive spine surgery, including recent developments and future directions. - Provides the latest evidence-based research from high-quality studies, including new randomized controlled trials for lumbar stenosis, surgery, fusion, and injections. - Presents the knowledge and expertise of new international contributors, as well as new editorial leadership from Dr. Steven Garfin. - Expert ConsultTM eBook version included with purchase. This enhanced eBook experience allows you to search all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices.
As the profession of clinical exercise physiology continues to evolve, there is one cornerstone text that evolves along with it. Clinical Exercise Physiology, Fourth Edition With Web Resource, has been a mainstay in the field since its inception in 2003, and the revisions and additions to this latest rendition reinforce its elite status. As the most comprehensive resource available, Clinical Exercise Physiology, Fourth Edition, provides greater coverage and depth of diseases than is typically found in most clinical exercise physiology textbooks. It thoroughly examines the effects of exercise on chronic disease and then investigates 24 chronic conditions, covering the scope of each disease as well as the pathophysiology, medications, and clinical applications. It also examines clinical considerations and exercise prescriptions for four special populations. This fourth edition reflects the latest American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) standards and guidelines, making it an ideal resource for candidates preparing for ACSM Clinical Exercise Physiologist certification. In addition to updated content that aligns with current science and evidence-based practice guidelines, the fourth edition also incorporates the following: • A closer and more up-to-date look at the state of the profession • A new web resource featuring case studies that depict real-life scenarios • A new chapter on Parkinson’s disease • Enhanced coverage of exercise testing and exercise prescription, in separate chapters to delve deeper into each of those topics • An expanded chapter on end-stage renal disease, to more broadly cover chronic kidney disease • Significant revisions to chapters on metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and heart failure The online case studies are written in the form of SOAP (Subjective, Objective, Assessment, Plan) notes, reflecting common medical chart documentation, to help readers experience realistic examples. The text also offers Practical Application sidebars in each chapter; some of these sidebars focus on exercise prescription, and other Practical Application sidebars review the relevant literature related to physiological adaptations to exercise training. To aid in course preparation, instructors are provided a test package, chapter quizzes, and a presentation package plus image bank. Clinical Exercise Physiology, Fourth Edition, offers a contemporary review of the variety of diseases and conditions that students and professionals may encounter in the field. New and veteran clinical exercise physiologists alike, as well as those preparing for ACSM certification exams, will appreciate the in-depth coverage of the clinical populations that benefit from physical activity and exercise.
Read this! 1 is for high-beginning to low-intermediate students. It features content rich, high-interest readings related to the academic content areas of communication, technology, mathematics, business, and engineering.
How Assessment Supports Learning: Learning-oriented Assessment in Action invites teachers in higher education to rethink the purposes of assessment and to revise their assessment practices in the interests of improved student learning. It combines practice, theory, research and extensive examples of assessment techniques to support academics in this vital part of their multi-faceted role. This book presents 39 innovative assessment practices from a range of disciplines and located in a clearly articulated theoretical framework. This framework is congruent with outcomes-based approaches, currently being implemented in universities in Hong Kong and elsewhere. The practices, which can be modified for use in a wide range of contexts, illustrate how assessment can be used to engage students in productive learning, provide genuinely helpful feedback efficiently, and help students learn to evaluate and improve the quality of their own work. The book concludes with suggestions for responding to challenges at the interface between assessment and learning.
4e de couv.: Chungking Mansions, a dilapidated seventeen-story commercial and residential structure in the heart of Hong Kong's tourist district, is home to a remarkably motley group of people. Traders, laborers, and asylum seekers from all over Asia and Africa live and work there, and even backpacking tourists rent rooms in what is possibly the most globalized spot on the planet. But as Ghetto at the center of the world shows us, the Mansions is a world away from the gleaming headquarters of multinational corporations -instead it epitomizes the way globalization actually works for most of the world's people. Through candid stories that both instruct and enthrall, Gordon Mathews lays bare the building's residents' intricate connections to the international circulation of goods, money, and ideas.
Rothman-Simeone The Spine helps you achieve optimal outcomes in the clinical practice of spine surgery in adults and children. Drs. Harry N. Herkowitz, Steven R. Garfin, Frank J. Eismont, Gordon R. Bell, Richard Balderston, and an internationally diverse group of authorities help you keep up with the fast-paced field and get the best results from state-of-the-art treatments and surgical techniques, such as spinal arthroplasty and the latest spinal implants and equipment. An all-new full-color design and surgical videos online at www.expertconsult.com make this classic text more invaluable than ever before. Get the best results from the full range of both surgical and non-surgical treatment approaches with guidance from the world’s most trusted authorities in orthopaedic spine surgery. Find important information quickly through pearls, pitfalls, and key points that highlight critical points. Watch experts perform key techniques in real time with videos, on DVD and online, demonstrating minimally invasive surgery: SED procedure; thorascopic techniques; lumbar discectomy; pedicle subtraction osteotomy (PSO); C1, C2 fusion; intradural tumor; cervical laminoforaminoty; and much more. Apply the newest developments in the field thanks to expert advice on minimally invasive surgery, spinal arthroplasty and the latest spinal implants and equipments. See procedures clearly through an all new full-color design with 2300 color photographs and illustrations placed in context. Access the fully searchable contents of text online at www.expertconsult.com.
Written by a leader in the field, this book discusses the role of vision in reading. The author describes the influence of physical properties of text on reading performance and the implications for information processing in the visual pathways. He explores different forms of low vision that affect reading, text characteristics that optimize reading for those with low vision, principles underlying the legibility of text, and guidelines for displaying text. Special topics include the role of the magnocellular pathway in reading and dyslexia, Braille reading, and fonts for highway signs. An accompanying CD contains reprints of the seminal series of articles by Gordon E. Legge and colleagues published between 1985 and 2001.
This text introduces student to cultural and minority status issues in psychology, and the role of multicultural issues in mainstream research. It focuses on multiple cultural groups that co-exist in the United States, and the sociopolitical aspects of this co-existence. An emphasis on empirical research findings complements the “real life” relevance of multicultural psychology.
The #1 choice for more than 35 years for those involved in the care of adolescents and young adults, Neinstein’s Adolescent and Young Adult Health: A Practical Guide, 7th Edition is your go-to resource for practical, authoritative guidance. The fully updated seventh edition, edited by Drs. Debra K. Katzman, Catherine M. Gordon, S. Todd Callahan, Richard J. Chung, Alain Joffe, Susan L. Rosenthal, and Maria E. Trent, offers a comprehensive view of the interdisciplinary nature of the field and is inclusive of the wide variety of health professionals who care for adolescents and young adults. This award-winning text features a full-color design, several new chapters, numerous algorithms, bulleted text throughout for quick reference at the point of care, and fresh perspectives from new editors—making it ideal for daily practice or certification examination preparation.
Multicultural Psychology introduces students to the myriad ways in which multicultural issues affect our understanding of, and research in, a wide range of domains including biological, developmental, social, and clinical psychological science. It provides in-depth coverage of the largest groups of color in the United States: African Americans, Latinx Americans, Asian Pacific Americans, and Native Americans. Students will gain an understanding of how race, ethnicity, and culture shape their own behavior, beliefs, interactions, and expectations, and those of the people around them. New to this edition: -New chapters on Clinical Psychology and Racial/Ethnic Identity and Acculturation -Greater focus on study of intersectional identities -Incorporates up-to-date research from a rapidly growing literature -Expanded coverage of qualitative research methods -Information about supplemental blog and video resources -Companion Website where students will find review questions and resource links, and instructors will find PowerPoint slides and discussion questions
Academic attention has,in recent years, increasingly focused upon the Europeanization of national legal orders. The interaction of domestic and supranational standards, while often presented as problematic, enables national courts to use European law as a reference point against which to develop domestic principle and practice. The effects of such borrowing can be far-reaching. Courts may assume an enhanced institutional role relative to other branches of the State and individuals may benefit from the introduction of new remedies and principles of judicial review. This book examines the dynamics of the process whereby UK courts borrow principle and practice from European law. It argues that recent internal developments in UK law, notably the passage of the Human Rights Act, present new possibilities for legal integration. Although UK courts have already demonstrated a willingness to use European law creatively, the book suggests that integration has been unduly constrained by the previously unincorporated status of the ECHR and by the courts' justification for the reception of EU law. Focusing in particular on the principles of administrative law applied by courts in judicial review proceedings, the book highlights how the emergence of new principles of review has been frustrated by the courts' inability to view EU law and the ECHR as part of an interlocking whole. The book's central argument, therefore, is that the Human Rights Act, coupled with the more general programme of constitutional reform introduced by New Labour, now offers the courts the opportunity to reassess the nature of the interactive relationship that domestic law has with European law. UK Public Law and European Law: The Dynamics of Legal Integration will be of interest to public lawyers, European lawyers and political scientists alike. It offers a comprehensive overview of existing jurisprudence dealing with the reception of European law into the domestic order. More significantly, it places that jurisprudence within the wider context of legal and political change ongoing within and without the United Kingdom.
The 3rd edition of this leading text provides a detailed account of the purposes of judicial review; the nature of the public-private divide in Northern Ireland law; the judicial review procedure; the grounds for review; and remedies. As with the previous editions, the focus is on case law that is unique to Northern Ireland, and the book identifies some important differences between principle and practice in Northern Ireland and England and Wales. These now include differences resulting from the Ireland-Northern Ireland Protocol (as amended by the Windsor Framework), and this edition explains how and when EU law continues to apply in Northern Ireland. It also considers the leading Human Rights Act decisions of the Northern Ireland courts and the House of Lords and UK Supreme Court. The new edition refers to case law from the courts in England and Wales and Scotland; the Court of Justice of the European Union; and the European Court of Human Rights. There is a particular focus on recent rulings of the High Court and Court of Appeal in Northern Ireland and of rulings of the Supreme Court in cases heard on appeal from Northern Ireland. It considers the main points of the Judicial Review Practice Direction 03-2018 and surveys the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018 and its implications for Northern Ireland (including the incorporation of the Ireland-Northern Ireland Protocol, as amended by the Windsor Framework). The book will be of use to practitioners in Northern Ireland and the rest of the UK, and also to those involved in the study of judicial reasoning in different jurisdictions (both within the UK and elsewhere).
Progress in Heterocyclic Chemistry (PHC), Volume 35 is the latest in this annual review series that contains both highlights of the previous year's literature on heterocyclic chemistry and articles on new and developing topics of particular interest to heterocyclic chemists. Chapters in this new release are all written by leading researchers in their field, constituting a systematic survey of the important original material reported in the literature of heterocyclic chemistry in 2021. As with previous volumes in the series, this book will enable academic and industrial chemists, and advanced students, to keep abreast of developments in heterocyclic chemistry. - Presents articles on new and developing topics of interest to heterocyclic chemists - Provides a systematic survey of the important 2022 heterocyclic chemistry literature - Includes contributions from leading researchers in the field - Recognized as the premiere annual review of heterocyclic chemistry
Rapid advances in synthetic polymer science and nanotechnology have revealed new avenues of development in conductive electroactive polymers that take greater advantage of this versatile class of materials' unique properties. This third edition of Conductive Electroactive Polymers: Intelligent Polymer Systems continues to provide an in-depth unders
The author of "A Random Walk Down Wall Street" explains why and how the Chinese economy is poised for significant gains in the near future. It highlights not only Chinese firms and industries but also multinationals in the U.S. and elsewhere that are likely to benefit from China's explosive growth.
Risk is a major reason that companies fail in, or fail to enter, China. Packed with case studies, this unique book demonstrates how correctly applied due diligence can not only reduce business risk in China, but also provide excellent business intelligence to support negotiations and business relationships.
This monumental, four-volume reference overviews significant events and developments in religious history over the course of more than five millennia. Written for high school students, undergraduates, and general readers interested in the history of world religions, this massive reference chronicles developments in religious history from 3500 BCE through the 21st century. The set comprises four volumes, treating the ancient world from 3500 BCE through 499 CE, 500 through 1399, 1400 through 1849, and 1850 through 2009. Each volume includes hundreds of brief entries, arranged chronologically and then further organized by region and religion. The entries provide fundamental information on topics ranging from the neolithic Ggantija temples near Malta through the election of Mary Douglas Glasspool as bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Los Angeles in 2009. Global in scope and encyclopedic in breadth, this chronology of world religions is an essential purchase for all libraries concerned with the development of human civilization.
Organic Chemistry, Volume 30: Total Synthesis of Steroids provides an overall view of steroid total synthesis, including the general approaches, special problems, stereochemical complexities, expansion or contraction of rings, and insertion of hetero atoms. The book discusses the process of designing total syntheses; the biogenetic-like steroid synthesis, including cyclization of terminal epoxides as well as the total synthesis from nonepoxide precursors; and the synthesis of equilenin, estrone, bisdehydrodoisynolic acid, 18,19-bisnorprogesterone, 19-norpregnanes, and heterocyclic steroids. The text also describes the application of ABD intermediates in the Torgov synthesis; the synthesis of carbocyclics and thiasteroids; and the synthesis from p-anisylcyclohexanes and from C-5, C-8 bridged intermediates. The synthesis based on the type of reaction used in the condensation of the A fragment with the CD portion, as well as the methods of total synthesis in the preparation of 8-azasteroids and 8,13-diazasteroids are also considered. The book further tackles the synthesis of epiandrosterone, cortisone, aldosterone, 3ß-hydroxy-5a-pregnan-20-one, latifoline, conessine, and ring C aromatic steroids; the synthesis of trans-benzohydrindane derivatives and other common derivatives; and the synthesis of CD intermediates. Chemists, biochemists, and people involved in the study of steroid total syntheses will find the book invaluable.
So much of what is commonplace today was once considered impossible, or at least wishful thinking. Laser beams in the operating room, cars with built-in guidance systems, cell phones with email access. There's just no getting around the fact that technology always has, and always will be, very cool.But technology isn't only cool; it's also very smart. That's why one of the hottest technological trends nowadays is the creation of smart homes.At an increasing rate, people are turning their homes into state-of-the-art machines, complete with more switches, sensors, and actuators than you can shake a stick at. Whether you want to equip your home with motion detectors for added security, install computer-controlled lights for optimum convenience, or even mount an in-home web cam or two purely for entertainment, the world is now your oyster. Ah, but like anything highly technical, creating a smart home is typically easier said than done.Thankfully, Smart Home Hacks takes the guesswork out of the process. Through a seemingly unending array of valuable tips, tools, and techniques, Smart Home Hacks explains in clear detail how to use Mac, Windows, or Linux to achieve the automated home of your dreams. In no time, you'll learn how to turn a loose collection of sensors and switches into a well-automated and well-functioning home no matter what your technical level may be.Smart Home Hacks covers a litany of stand-alone and integrated smart home solutions designed to enhance safety, comfort, and convenience in new and existing homes. Kitchens, bedrooms, home offices, living rooms, and even bathrooms are all candidates for smart automation and therefore are all addressed in Smart Home Hacks.Intelligently written by engineering guru and George Jetson wannabe, Gordon Meyer, Smart Home Hacks leaves no stone unturned. From what to purchase to how to use your remote control, it's the ultimate guide to understanding and implementing complete or partial home automation.
A groundbreaking new perspective on collective behavior across biological systems Collective behavior is everywhere in nature, from gene transcription and cancer cells to ant colonies and human societies. It operates without central control, using local interactions among participants to allow groups to adjust to changing conditions. The Ecology of Collective Behavior brings together ideas from evolutionary biology, network science, and dynamical systems to present an ecological approach to understanding how the interactions of individuals generate collective outcomes. Deborah Gordon argues that the starting point for explaining how collective behavior works in any natural system is to consider how it changes in relation to the changing world around it. She shows how feedback use—the means by which networks of interactions operate—and the organization of interaction networks evolve to reflect the stability and demands of the environment. Ant colonies function collectively, and the enormous diversity of species in different habitats provides opportunities to look for general ecological patterns. Through an in-depth comparison of ant species, Gordon identifies broad trends in how the diversity of collective behavior in many other collective systems reflects the dynamics of the environment. Shedding light on how individual actions give rise to group behavior, The Ecology of Collective Behavior explains the evolution of collective behavior through innovation in participant interactions, offering new insights into how collective responses function in changing conditions.
Much has been said about the re-emergence of China to its historical position of eminence in the world economy, yet little is understood about the kind of economic system China is evolving. What are the rules of the game of business in today's China, and how are they likely to change over the next decades? The answers to these questions are crucial to business persons formulating strategy toward China, but also for policy-makers concerned with retaining the competitiveness of their nations in the face of Chinese competition and for researchers seeking to gain deeper insights into the workings of economic systems and institutional change. Written by two leading experts in the field, this book sheds much-needed light on these questions. Building on recent conceptual and empirical advances, and rich in concrete examples, it offers a comprehensive and systematic exploration of present-day Chinese capitalism, its component parts, and their interdependencies. It suggests that Chinese capitalism, as practiced today, in many respects represents a development from traditional business practices, whose revival has been greatly aided by the influx of investments and managerial talent from the Regional Ethnic Chinese. On the basis of present trends in the Chinese economy as well as through comparison with five major types of capitalism - those of France, Germany, Japan, Korea, and the United States - the book derives a prediction of the probable development paths of Chinese capitalism and its likely competitive strengths and weaknesses.
As Americans and citizens of other industrializing countries began to enjoy lives of increasing affluence and ease during the first half of the 20th century, a rising tide of heart attacks and strokes displaced infectious diseases as the leading cause of death, killing millions in the United States and throughout the world. Although cardiovascular disease remains serious and widespread, the significant decline of per capita deaths is one of the greatest accomplishments of modern public health and medicine. Death rates from heart attack and stroke have fallen dramatically by 80% in the past 50 years -- the progress has been hard won by a combination of basic and applied laboratory research, broad and far-reaching epidemiological studies by physicians, scientists, and public health experts. Cardiovascular disease is no longer viewed as an as an inevitable feature of the natural course of aging, and complacency has given way to hope. This book focuses on developments that influenced the rise and decline of cardiovascular mortality since 1900, but also includes insider insights from the author, a 42-year NIH employee.
This carefully written monograph covers the Sparre Andersen process in an actuarial context using the renewal process as the model for claim counts. A unified reference on Sparre Andersen (renewal risk) processes is included, often missing from existing literature. The authors explore recent results and analyse various risk theoretic quantities associated with the event of ruin, including the time of ruin and the deficit of ruin. Particular attention is given to the explicit identification of defective renewal equation components, which are needed to analyse various risk theoretic quantities and are also relevant in other subject areas of applied probability such as dams and storage processes, as well as queuing theory. Aimed at researchers interested in risk/ruin theory and related areas, this work will also appeal to graduate students in classical and modern risk theory and Gerber-Shiu analysis.
Heterogeneity, or mixtures, are ubiquitous in genetics. Even for data as simple as mono-genic diseases, populations are a mixture of affected and unaffected individuals. Still, most statistical genetic association analyses, designed to map genes for diseases and other genetic traits, ignore this phenomenon. In this book, we document methods that incorporate heterogeneity into the design and analysis of genetic and genomic association data. Among the key qualities of our developed statistics is that they include mixture parameters as part of the statistic, a unique component for tests of association. A critical feature of this work is the inclusion of at least one heterogeneity parameter when performing statistical power and sample size calculations for tests of genetic association. We anticipate that this book will be useful to researchers who want to estimate heterogeneity in their data, develop or apply genetic association statistics where heterogeneity exists, and accurately evaluate statistical power and sample size for genetic association through the application of robust experimental design.
What regularities lie behind the development and organization of behaviour in animals and humans? One theme emerging from this book is that ideas have to flow in both directions between the different levels of analysis - between the neural and behavioural levels and between the individual and the social group. Another theme is that it is not enough to identify the many factors operating in the development and integration of behaviour. The processes must also be studied directly. Bringing together work at different levels and studying behavioural dynamics require more knowledge and expertise than any one person can usually command. Links have to be made between different disciplines and specialists have to learn to work with others who speak with what at first seem to be mutually incomprehensible scientific languages. The book illustrates how this may be achieved. The themes of this book are strongly related to the approach of Robert Hinde, in whose honour the chapters were written.
The worldwide rise of sovereign wealth funds is emblematic of the ongoing transformation of nation-state economic prospects. Sovereign Wealth Funds maps the global footprints of these financial institutions, examining their governance and investment management, and issues of domestic and international legitimacy. Through a variety of case studies--from the China Investment Corporation to the funds of several Gulf states--the authors show that the forces propelling the adoption and development of sovereign wealth funds vary by country. The authors also show that many of these investment institutions have identifiable commonalities of form and function that match the core institutions of Western financial markets. The authors suggest that the international legitimacy of sovereign wealth funds is based on the degree to which their design and governance match Western expectations about investment management. Undercutting commonplace assumptions about the emerging world of the twenty-first century, the authors demonstrate that even small countries with large and globally oriented sovereign wealth funds are likely to play a significant role in international relations. Sovereign Wealth Funds considers how such financial organizations have altered not only the face of finance, but also the international geopolitical landscape.
Regulation and Economic Analysis: A Critique Over Two Centuries argues that long experience with the practice of regulation creates a broad anti-intervention consensus among economists. This consensus is based on comparison of real intervention to real markets rather than an ideological preconception. It is shown that economic theory can support all possible positions on intervention. Much theory is too abstract to support any policy position; many arguments about how intervention might help contain qualifications expressing doubts about whether the potential can be realized; many theories illustrate the drawbacks of intervention. The vast literature on these issues concentrates either on specific cases or polemics that exaggerate both sides of the argument. Regulation and Economic Analysis seeks to show the depth of the discontent, develop interpretations of economic theory that follow from skepticism about statism and provide selected illustrations. The discussion begins with examination of general equilibrium theory and proceeds to discuss market failure with stress on monopoly and particularly what is deemed excessive concern with predatory behavior. International trade issues, transaction costs, property rights, economic theories of government, the role of special institutions such as contracts, the defects of macroeconomic and equity arguments for regulating individual markets, environmental economics and the defects of public land management policies are examined.
An assessment of the impact of the post-Mao market-orientated reforms in China on the Chinese state and its relations with economy and society. It investigates the political and social consequences of an economic strategy which aims to introduce markets into a centrally-planned socialist economy.
This book examines how de-radicalisation programmes have been portrayed in the media and details the role of public relations (PR) strategies employed by such programmes and Countering Violent Extremism (CVE) to create positive coverage of their work. CVE and de-radicalisation programmes have seen a significant rise in recent years and are now cornerstones of many countries’ counterterrorism strategies. Despite the increased importance of these tools to counter violent radicalisation leading to terrorism, they remain controversial and sometimes receive fierce public criticism and opposition. This work looks at how CVE and de-radicalisation programs are able to influence a country’s discourse on de-radicalisation, and how far governmental programs differ from non-governmental initiatives in terms of their PR strategies. The book also provides a theoretical basis of how the discourse on CVE is constructed in the media. As major case studies, this book examines the United Kingdom, Germany and Nigeria. For these countries, the authors have gathered and assessed roughly 3,000 newspaper articles on de-radicalisation programmes over a decade to provide an empirical base. This book will be of much interest to students of countering violent extremism, de-radicalisation, and terrorism studies.
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