Global Soil Biodiversity Initiative's Books

State of knowledge of soil biodiversity – Status, challenges and potentialities. Summary for policy makers

By: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations ,The Intergovernmental Technical Panel on Soils,Global Soil Biodiversity Initiative,Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity,European Commission

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State of knowledge of soil biodiversity – Status, challenges and potentialities. Summary for policy makers

There is increasing attention on the importance of biodiversity for food security and nutrition, especially above-ground biodiversity such as plants and animals. However, less attention is being paid to the biodiversity beneath our feet, soil biodiversity, which drives many processes that produce food or purify soil and water. This summary for policy makers presents the key findings of the main report and is the result of an inclusive process involving more than 300 scientists from around the world under the auspices of the FAO’s Global Soil Partnership and its Intergovernmental Technical Panel on Soils, the Convention on Biological Diversity, the Global Soil Biodiversity Initiative and the European Commission. The summary for policy makers presents concisely the state of knowledge on soil biodiversity, the threats to it and the solutions that soil biodiversity can provide to problems in different fields. This report is a valuable contribution to raising awareness of the importance of soil biodiversity and highlighting its role in finding solutions to today's global threats.

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Food & Agriculture Org.

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ISBN 10

9251335834

ISBN 13

9789251335833

State of knowledge of soil biodiversity - Status, challenges and potentialities

Report 2020

By: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations ,Global Soil Biodiversity Initiative,Secretariat of the Convention of Biological,European Commission,Intergovernmental Technical Panel on Soils

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State of knowledge of soil biodiversity - Status, challenges and potentialities

Report 2020

There is increasing attention to the importance of biodiversity for food security and nutrition, especially above-ground biodiversity such as plants and animals. However, less attention is being paid to the biodiversity beneath our feet, soil biodiversity, which drives many processes that produce food or purify soil and water. This report is the result of an inclusive process involving more than 300 scientists from around the world under the auspices of the FAO’s Global Soil Partnership and its Intergovernmental Technical Panel on Soils, the Convention on Biological Diversity, the Global Soil Biodiversity Initiative, and the European Commission. It presents concisely the state of knowledge on soil biodiversity, the threats to it, and the solutions that soil biodiversity can provide to problems in different fields. It also represents a valuable contribution to raising awareness of the importance of soil biodiversity and highlighting its role in finding solutions to today's global threats.

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618

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Food & Agriculture Org.

Published Date

ISBN 10

9251335826

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9789251335826

State of knowledge of soil biodiversity – Status, challenges and potentialities. Summary for policy makers

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State of knowledge of soil biodiversity – Status, challenges and potentialities. Summary for policy makers

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Food & Agriculture Org.

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9251335834

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9789251335833

Understanding and Responding to Global Health Security Risks from Microbial Threats in the Arctic

Proceedings of a Workshop

By: European Academies Science Advisory Council,InterAcademy Partnership,National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Global Health,Board on Life Sciences,Polar Research Board

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Understanding and Responding to Global Health Security Risks from Microbial Threats in the Arctic

Proceedings of a Workshop

The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine in collaboration with the InterAcademy Partnership and the European Academies Science Advisory Committee held a workshop in November 2019 to bring together researchers and public health officials from different countries and across several relevant disciplines to explore what is known, and what critical knowledge gaps remain, regarding existing and possible future risks of harmful infectious agents emerging from thawing permafrost and melting ice in the Arctic region. The workshop examined case studies such as the specific case of Arctic region anthrax outbreaks, as a known, observed risk as well as other types of human and animal microbial health risks that have been discovered in snow, ice, or permafrost environments, or that could conceivably exist. The workshop primarily addressed two sources of emerging infectious diseases in the arctic: (1) new diseases likely to emerge in the Arctic as a result of climate change (such as vector-borne diseases) and (2) ancient and endemic diseases likely to emerge in the Arctic specifically as a result of permafrost thaw. Participants also considered key research that could advance knowledge including critical tools for improving observations, and surveillance to advance understanding of these risks, and to facilitate and implement effective early warning systems. Lessons learned from efforts to address emerging or re-emerging microbial threats elsewhere in the world were also discussed. This publication summarizes the presentation and discussion of the workshop.

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309681286

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9780309681285

Land Degradation Neutrality in Small Island Developing States

Technical Report

By: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations ,The Global Mechanism - United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification

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Land Degradation Neutrality in Small Island Developing States

Technical Report

By: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations ,The Global Mechanism - United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification

Small Island Developing States (SIDS) are continuously under the threat from the adverse effects of climate change and land degradation impacts. Land degradation directly increases CO2 emissions, contributing to climate change and vice versa. The LDN Target Setting Programme (TSP) of the UNCCD has substantially contributed to land degradation receiving the policy attention and securing political commitments for addressing the obvious and immediate threats of climate change and natural disasters to SIDS. It has strengthened the availability and accessibility of data for assessing land degradation and enabled SIDS to set specific measurable science-based targets. LDN provides the framework for the sustainable development of human settlements in SIDS through policy, planning, design and regulatory instruments.

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Food & Agriculture Org.

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ISBN 10

9251323755

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9789251323755

A Review of the U.S. Global Change Research Program's Draft Strategic Plan

By: National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Environmental Change and Society,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate,Committee to Advise the U.S. Global Change Research Program

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A Review of the U.S. Global Change Research Program's Draft Strategic Plan

The U.S. government supports a large, diverse suite of activities that can be broadly characterized as "global change research." Such research offers a wide array of benefits to the nation, in terms of protecting public health and safety, enhancing economic strength and competitiveness, and protecting the natural systems upon which life depends. The U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP), which coordinates the efforts of numerous agencies and departments across the federal government, was officially established in 1990 through the U.S. Global Change Research Act (GCRA). In the subsequent years, the scope, structure, and priorities of the Program have evolved, (for example, it was referred to as the Climate Change Science Program [CCSP] for the years 2002-2008), but throughout, the Program has played an important role in shaping and coordinating our nation's global change research enterprise. This research enterprise, in turn, has played a crucial role in advancing understanding of our changing global environment and the countless ways in which human society affects and is affected by such changes. In mid-2011, a new NRC Committee to Advise the USGCRP was formed and charged to provide a centralized source of ongoing whole-program advice to the USGCRP. The first major task of this committee was to provide a review of the USGCRP draft Strategic Plan 2012-2021 (referred to herein as "the Plan"), which was made available for public comment on September 30, 2011. A Review of the U.S. Global Change Research Program's Strategic Plan addresses an array of suggestions for improving the Plan, ranging from relatively small edits to large questions about the Program's scope, goals, and capacity to meet those goals. The draft Plan proposes a significant broadening of the Program's scope from the form it took as the CCSP. Outlined in this report, issues of key importance are the need to identify initial steps the Program will take to actually achieve the proposed broadening of its scope, to develop critical science capacity that is now lacking, and to link the production of knowledge to its use; and the need to establish an overall governance structure that will allow the Program to move in the planned new directions.

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309252377

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9780309252379

A Sustainability Challenge

Food Security for All: Report of Two Workshops

By: National Research Council,Policy and Global Affairs,Science and Technology for Sustainability Program,Committee on Food Security for All as a Sustainability Challenge

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A Sustainability Challenge

Food Security for All: Report of Two Workshops

By: National Research Council,Policy and Global Affairs,Science and Technology for Sustainability Program,Committee on Food Security for All as a Sustainability Challenge

The National Research Council's Science and Technology for Sustainability Program hosted two workshops in 2011 addressing the sustainability challenges associated with food security for all. The first workshop, Measuring Food Insecurity and Assessing the Sustainability of Global Food Systems, explored the availability and quality of commonly used indicators for food security and malnutrition; poverty; and natural resources and agricultural productivity. It was organized around the three broad dimensions of sustainable food security: (1) availability, (2) access, and (3) utilization. The workshop reviewed the existing data to encourage action and identify knowledge gaps. The second workshop, Exploring Sustainable Solutions for Increasing Global Food Supplies, focused specifically on assuring the availability of adequate food supplies. How can food production be increased to meet the needs of a population expected to reach over 9 billion by 2050? Workshop objectives included identifying the major challenges and opportunities associated with achieving sustainable food security and identifying needed policy, science, and governance interventions. Workshop participants discussed long term natural resource constraints, specifically water, land and forests, soils, biodiversity and fisheries. They also examined the role of knowledge, technology, modern production practices, and infrastructure in supporting expanded agricultural production and the significant risks to future productivity posed by climate change. This is a report of two workshops.

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264

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

030922263X

ISBN 13

9780309222631

Global Strategy on Invasive Alien Species

By: Global Invasive Species Programme

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Global Strategy on Invasive Alien Species

By: Global Invasive Species Programme

The spread of invasive alien species (IAS) is creating complex and far-reaching challenges that threaten both the natural biological riches of the earth and the well being of its citizens. While the problem is global, the nature and severity of the impacts on society, economic life, health, and natural heritage are distributed unevenly across nations and regions. Thus, some aspects of the problem require solutions tailored to the specific values, needs, and priorities of nations while others call for consolidated action by the larger world community. Preventing the international movement of invasive alien species and coordinating a timely and effective response to invasions will require cooperation and collaboration among governments, economic sectors, non-governmental organisations, and international treaty organisations. This strategy highlights the dimensions of the problem and outlines a framework for mounting a global-scale response. While both the problem and the scale of the solution may appear dauntingly complex, the issue presents an unparalleled opportunity to respond with actions that link preservation of biodiversity with protection of the health and livelihood of the world's human populations.

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131

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IUCN

Published Date

ISBN 10

2831706092

ISBN 13

9782831706092

Future Bioenergy and Sustainable Land Use

By: Renate Schubert,German Advisory Council on Global Change

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Future Bioenergy and Sustainable Land Use

By: Renate Schubert,German Advisory Council on Global Change

At head of title: German Advisory Council on Global Change.

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393

Publisher

Earthscan

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ISBN 10

1849774501

ISBN 13

9781849774505

World in Transition 2

New Structures for Global Environmental Policy

By: German Advisory Council On Global Change Wgbu

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World in Transition 2

New Structures for Global Environmental Policy

By: German Advisory Council On Global Change Wgbu

International institutions and structures are crucial to the management of the global environment. The present arrangements are failing to cope adequately with the scale of the task and the demands placed on them, and alternatives are urgently needed. In this second volume of World in Transition, experts in the German Advisory Council on Global Change (WGBU) analyze the problems and set out comprehensive and persuasive policies for a successful future regime. Central to the future, it argues, will be a strengthened and more effective UN Environment Programme within an alliance organized around three main objectives of assessment, organization and funding.

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414

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Routledge

Published Date

ISBN 10

1136532986

ISBN 13

9781136532986

Global Challenges and Directions for Agricultural Biotechnology

Workshop Report

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Life Sciences,Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources,Steering Committee on Global Challenges and Directions for Agricultural Biotechnology: Mapping the Course

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Global Challenges and Directions for Agricultural Biotechnology

Workshop Report

Many developing countries are exploring whether biotechnology has a role in addressing national issues such as food security and environmental remediation, and are considering whether the putative benefits of the technology-for example, enabling greater agricultural productivity and stability in the food supply-outweigh concerns that the technology might pose a danger-to biodiversity, health, and local jobs. Some policy leaders worry that their governments are not prepared to take control of this evolving technology and that introducing it into society would be a risky act. Others have suggested that taking no action carries more risk, given the dire need to produce more food. This book reports on an international workshop held to address these issues. Global Challenges and Directions for Agricultural Biotechnology: Mapping the Course, organized by the National Research Council on October 24-25, 2004, in Washington, DC, focused on the potential applications of biotechnology and what developing countries might consider as they contemplate adopting biotechnology. Presenters at the workshop described applications of biotechnology that are already proving their utility in both developing and developed countries.

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309178525

ISBN 13

9780309178525

World in Transition 4

Fighting Poverty through Environmental Policy

By: German Advisory Council On Global Change (Wbgu)

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World in Transition 4

Fighting Poverty through Environmental Policy

By: German Advisory Council On Global Change (Wbgu)

At the start of the 21st century, fighting poverty and protecting the environment are two of the most urgent challenges facing the international community. Environmental changes will jeopardize people's survival to an even greater extent in the future, and will hit the poor hardest. To meet these challenges, it will be essential to breathe new life into the partnership between industrialized and developing countries. It will be equally essential to combine poverty reduction with environmental protection in an integrated policy structure spanning all levels from local to global. In this report, the German Advisory Council on Global Change (WBGU) shows that global environmental policy is a prerequisite for global poverty reduction. WBGU analyses the relevant policy processes and delivers recommendations charting the way forward. 'With its interdisciplinary approach, providing a complex and systematic analysis of the poverty-environment nexus, WBGU's latest report breaks new ground. Indira Gandhi's old, convenient maxim was 'Poverty is the biggest polluter'. Put forward at the 1972 UN Conference on the Human Environment in Stockholm, it has been sorely misused ever since to override environmental precaution and prioritize economic development strategies instead. The new WBGU report maps out a way to shape a coherent environment and development policy. This report revitalizes the Rio spirit and gives it a robust scientific base'. Prof Dr Ernst Ulrich von Weizsäcker, Member of the German Bundestag (MdB)

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312

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Routledge

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ISBN 10

1134207506

ISBN 13

9781134207503

Twenty-First Century Ecosystems

Managing the Living World Two Centuries After Darwin: Report of a Symposium

By: National Research Council,Policy and Global Affairs,Board on International Scientific Organizations,U.S. National Committee for DIVERSITAS,Committee for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services: A Symposium

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Twenty-First Century Ecosystems

Managing the Living World Two Centuries After Darwin: Report of a Symposium

The two hundredth anniversary of the birth of Charles Darwin, February 12, 2009, occurred at a critical time for the United States and the world. In honor of Darwin's birthday, the National Research Council appointed a committee under the auspices of the U.S. National Committee (USNC) for DIVERSITAS to plan a Symposium on Twenty-first Century Ecosystems. The purpose of the symposium was to capture some of the current excitement and recent progress in scientific understanding of ecosystems, from the microbial to the global level, while also highlighting how improved understanding can be applied to important policy issues that have broad biodiversity and ecosystem effects. The aim was to help inform new policy approaches that could satisfy human needs while also maintaining the integrity of the goods and services provided by biodiversity and ecosystems over both the short and the long terms. This report summarizes the views expressed by symposium participants; however, it does not provide a session-by-session summary of the presentations at the symposium. Instead, the symposium steering committee identified eight key themes that emerged from the lectures, which were addressed in different contexts by different speakers. The focus here is on general principles rather than specifics. These eight themes provide a sharp focus on a few concepts that enable scientists, environmental NGOs, and policy makers to engage more effectively around issues of central importance for biodiversity and ecosystem management.

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309209013

ISBN 13

9780309209014

Global Environmental Change

Research Pathways for the Next Decade

By: National Research Council,Policy Division,Board on Sustainable Development,Committee on Global Change Research

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Global Environmental Change

Research Pathways for the Next Decade

By: National Research Council,Policy Division,Board on Sustainable Development,Committee on Global Change Research

How can we understand and rise to the environmental challenges of global change? One clear answer is to understand the science of global change, not solely in terms of the processes that control changes in climate and the composition of the atmosphere, but in how ecosystems and human society interact with these changes. In the last two decades of the twentieth century, a number of such research effortsâ€"supported by computer and satellite technologyâ€"have been launched. Yet many opportunities for integration remain unexploited, and many fundamental questions remain about the earth's capacity to support a growing human population. This volume encourages a renewed commitment to understanding global change and sets a direction for research in the decade ahead. Through case studies the book explores what can be learned from the lessons of the past 20 years and what are the outstanding scientific questions. Highlights include: Research imperatives and strategies for investigators in the areas of atmospheric chemistry, climate, ecosystem studies, and human dimensions of global change. The context of climate change, including lessons to be gleaned from paleoclimatology. Human responses toâ€"and forcing ofâ€"projected global change. This book offers a comprehensive overview of global change research to date and provides a framework for answering urgent questions.

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621

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309174325

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9780309174329

Global Street Design Guide

By: Global Designing Cities Initiative,National Association of City Transportation Officials

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Global Street Design Guide

By: Global Designing Cities Initiative,National Association of City Transportation Officials

The Global Street Design Guide is a timely resource that sets a global baseline for designing streets and public spaces and redefines the role of streets in a rapidly urbanizing world. The guide will broaden how to measure the success of urban streets to include: access, safety, mobility for all users, environmental quality, economic benefit, public health, and overall quality of life. The first-ever worldwide standards for designing city streets and prioritizing safety, pedestrians, transit, and sustainable mobility are presented in the guide. Participating experts from global cities have helped to develop the principles that organize the guide. The Global Street Design Guide builds off the successful tools and tactics defined in NACTO's Urban Street Design Guide and Urban Bikeway Design Guide while addressing a variety of street typologies and design elements found in various contexts around the world.

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425

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Island Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

1610917014

ISBN 13

9781610917018

Pathways to Urban Sustainability

Research and Development on Urban Systems: Summary of a Workshop

By: National Research Council,Policy and Global Affairs,Science and Technology for Sustainability Program,Committee on the Challenge of Developing Sustainable Urban Systems

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Pathways to Urban Sustainability

Research and Development on Urban Systems: Summary of a Workshop

By: National Research Council,Policy and Global Affairs,Science and Technology for Sustainability Program,Committee on the Challenge of Developing Sustainable Urban Systems

More than half of the world's people now live in cities. In the United States, the figure is 80 percent. It is worthwhile to consider how this trend of increased urbanization, if inevitable, could be made more sustainable. One fundamental shortcoming of urban research and programs is that they sometimes fail to recognize urban areas as systems. Current institutions and actors are not accustomed to exploring human-environment interactions, particularly at an urban-scale. The fact is that these issues involve complex interactions, many of which are not yet fully understood. Thus a key challenge for the 21st century is this: How can we develop sustainable urban systems that provide healthy, safe and affordable environments for the growing number of Americans living in cities and their surrounding metropolitan areas? To address this question, the National Research Council organized a workshop exploring the landscape of urban sustainability research programs in the United States. The workshop, summarized in this volume, was designed to allow participants to share information about the activities and planning efforts of federal agencies, along with related initiatives by universities, the private sector, nongovernmental groups, state and local agencies, and international organizations. Participants were encouraged to explore how urban sustainability can move beyond analyses devoted to single disciplines and sectors to systems-level thinking and effective interagency cooperation. To do this, participants examined areas of potential coordination among different R&D programs, with special consideration given to how the efforts of federal agencies can best complement and leverage the efforts of other key stakeholders. Pathways to Urban Sustainability offers a broad contextual summary of workshop presentations and discussions for distribution to federal agencies, regional organizations, academic institutions, think tanks and other groups engaged in urban research.

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124

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309158958

ISBN 13

9780309158954

Frontiers in Soil Science Research

Report of a Workshop

By: National Research Council,Policy and Global Affairs,Board on International Scientific Organizations,Steering Committee for Frontiers in Soil Science Research

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Frontiers in Soil Science Research

Report of a Workshop

By: National Research Council,Policy and Global Affairs,Board on International Scientific Organizations,Steering Committee for Frontiers in Soil Science Research

There has been renewed interest in soil and soil science in recent years as the recognition that biogeochemical processes that occur at the Earth's surface influence global climate change, land degradation and remediation, the fate and transport of nutrients and contaminants, soil and water conservation, soil and water quality, food sufficiency and safety, and many other issues pertinent to the stewardship and conservation of land and water resources. In some areas of the Earth we have approached near irreversible soil conditions that may threaten the existence of future generations. Understanding the long-term implications of decreased soil quality and addressing the aforementioned challenges will require new information based on advances and breakthroughs in soil science research that need to be effectively communicated to stakeholders, policy makers, and the general public. On December 12-14, 2005, the National Academies convened the Frontiers in Soil Science Research Workshop, summarized in this volume, to identify emerging areas for research in soil science by addressing the interaction of soil science subdisciplines, collaborative research with other disciplines, and the use of new technologies in research. The workshop focused around seven key questions addressing research frontiers for the individual soil science disciplines, and also addressing the need for integration across soil science with other disciplines.

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309144248

ISBN 13

9780309144247

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