Few countries have endured as many attacks of terrorism during the past two decades as has Russia. From bombings on the streets of a number of cities, to the disruption of pipelines in Dagestan, to the taking of hundreds of hostages at a cultural center in Moscow and at a school in Beslan, the Russian government has responded to many political and technical challenges to protect the population. The measures that have been undertaken to reduce vulnerabilities to terrorist attacks and to mitigate the consequences of attacks have been of widespread interest in many other countries as well. In June 1999, the Presidents of the National Academy of Sciences and the Russian Academy of Sciences initiated an inter-academy program to jointly address common interests in the field of counter-terrorism. Four workshops were held from 2001 to 2007 and additional consultations were undertaken prior to and after the series of workshops. This report includes 35 of the Russian presentations during the workshop series. Collectively they provide a broad overview of activities that have been supported by Russian institutions.
Describes a scoring model designed to assist in setting priorities for forest research. The model evaluates research and development capacity and potential, as well as the ability and likelihood to actually capture benefits. Project evaluators are asked a specific set of questions and required to rank proposed projects relative to each other. The model framework makes explicit, and focuses discussion around, concepts that should be considered when setting priorities. A spreadsheet is used to automate many of the tasks required. Issues arising from an application of the model are outlined, including subjectivity, classifying research, administration costs, and limitations.
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