For decades, campaign finance reform has been an on-going topic of discussion. In particular, the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002 (BCRA) was heralded as a major breakthrough in controlling the flow of money into campaigns. Almost immediately, political players found other ways to financially manipulate the new laws. Campaign Finance Reform: The Political Shell Game provides an in-depth look at the history of political campaign finance reform with special emphasis on legislative, FEC, and federal court actions from the 1970s to present. In particular, the authors examine the ways that campaigns and independent groups have sought to make end-runs around existing campaign finance rules. Oftentimes the loopholes they find make a significant impact on an election, sparking the next round of campaign finance reform. New rules are then enacted, and new loopholes are found. Like a big political shell game, the amount of money in politics never actually decreases, but instead gets moved around from one organization to another.
Comprehension of the theories of aging requires rudimentary knowledge of oxidation and reduction reactions, protein function, cell organelles, mitosis, acquired immunity, and evolution, among other basic biological concepts. Without these fundamentals, students of biological aging struggle to learn the essentials of biological aging and how to appreciate the research advances in the field. Human Biological Aging: From Macromolecules To Organ-Systems is an introduction to human aging from the level of macromolecules to organ systems. Age changes in proteins, DNA, polysaccharides and lipids are discussed relative to known age-related alterations in structure and function produced by free radicals and oxidants. At the cellular level, age-dependent mechanisms that diminish organelle function are described. Cellular phenomena of replicative senescence apoptosis, autophagy and neuroplasticity are detailed as to their contribution to compromised cellular functions. Authored by a leader in the field, Human Biological Aging: From Macromolecules To Organ-Systems is an invaluable introduction for those studying human aging.
The factual, concise and first-choice guide for the real fan. Now in its 64th year, PLAYFAIR FOOTBALL ANNUAL includes all the Champions League and Europa League details; a compact directory for English and Scottish clubs; English and Scottish league and cup match results; and stats on how English league clubs have fared over the last 25 years. A pocket-size treat - this is the ideal book to take to matches and settle arguments before, during and after!
The factual, concise and first-choice guide for the real fan. Now in its 65th year, PLAYFAIR FOOTBALL ANNUAL includes all the Champions League and Europa League details; a compact directory for English and Scottish clubs; English and Scottish league and cup match results; stats on how English league clubs have fared over the last 25 years; and week-by-week domestic, European and international fixtures for the 2012-2013 season. A pocket-size treat - this is the ideal book to take to matches and settle arguments before, during and after!
The new edition will provide readily accessible material for public health educators and practitioners, in a number of professions, who are increasingly being required to address the challenges emerging from the inter-related impacts of the social and environmental factors impacting on health in an era of globalisation.
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