This book discusses the architecture, design and implementation of critical components of Sustainable Smart Cities to support governance, transportation, energy, healthcare, factories, technologies, securities, agriculture and education. The authors discuss the background of sustainable smart cities architectures and technologies and describe the problems that arise in design and implementation. In particular, this book discusses a proposed, 6G-based framework and architecture of IoT based sustainable smart cities. The authors describe the use of artificial intelligence in many zones of cities to increase the system's performance and efficiency. With the detailed discussion of energy management in smart cities, they have also presented how Internet of Vehicles (IoV) uses wireless communication and sensing technology to establish a network of information exchange between vehicles, infrastructure, and the environment. The discussion also includes Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) as well as Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) for IoT based sustainable smart cities. This book explores societal, economic, and practical reforms that would promote smart cities, based on a variety of case studies.
Use the ancient Indian art of Vedic palmistry as a guide to self-understanding and the creation of your destiny. • Learn to influence your future to bring forth the best qualities of heart, mind, and soul. • Read a record of the past, a print of the present, and guidance for the future in the ever changing interplay of lines. • Become aware of your innate tendencies and personality type from the lines in your palms. One's destiny isn't carved in stone. Rather than predicting a set future, Vedic palmistry shows us how to take active steps to influence and improve our destinies once we have gained better self-understanding. Using dozens of illustrations and examples of actual palm prints, Birla demonstrates how our less dominant hand reflects all that we have inherited from the past--old behavior patterns, thoughts, desires, and attitudes--while our dominant hand (the hand we write with) reflects our resolve to change for the better. By comparing both hands we gain an understanding of where we are coming from and where we are headed. As we make positive changes in our lives, the lines on our palms will actually change to reflect our progress.
SPECTRUM SHARING IN COGNITIVE RADIO NETWORKS Discover the latest advances in spectrum sharing in wireless networks from two internationally recognized experts in the field Spectrum Sharing in Cognitive Radio Networks: Towards Highly Connected Environments delivers an in-depth and insightful examination of hybrid spectrum access techniques with advanced frame structures designed for efficient spectrum utilization. The accomplished authors present the energy and spectrum efficient frameworks used in high-demand distributed architectures by relying on the self-scheduled medium access control (SMC-MAC) protocol in cognitive radio networks. The book begins with an exploration of the fundamentals of recent advances in spectrum sharing techniques before moving onto advanced frame structures with spectrum accessing approaches and the role of spectrum prediction and spectrum monitoring to eliminate interference. The authors also cover spectrum mobility, interference, and spectrum management for connected environments in substantial detail. Spectrum Sharing in Cognitive Radio Networks: Towards Highly Connected Environments offers readers a recent and rational theoretical mathematical model of spectrum sharing strategies that can be used for practical simulation of future generation wireless communication technologies. It also highlights ongoing trends, revealing fresh research outcomes that will be of interest to active researchers in the area. Readers will also benefit from: An inclusive study of connected environments, 3GPP Releases, and the evolution of wireless communication generations with a discussion of advanced frame structures and access strategies in cognitive radio networks A treatment of cognitive radio networks using spectrum prediction and monitoring techniques An analysis of the effects of imperfect spectrum monitoring on cognitive radio networks An exploration of spectrum mobility in cognitive radio networks using spectrum prediction and monitoring techniques An examination of MIMO-based CR-NOMA communication systems for spectral and interference efficient designs Perfect for senior undergraduate and graduate students in Electrical and Electronics Communication Engineering programs, Spectrum Sharing in Cognitive Radio Networks: Towards Highly Connected Environments will also earn a place in the libraries of professional engineers and researchers working in the field, whether in private industry, government, or academia.
This book discusses the use of the spectrum sharing techniques in cognitive radio technology, in order to address the problem of spectrum scarcity for future wireless communications. The authors describe a cognitive radio medium access control (MAC) protocol, with which throughput maximization has been achieved. The discussion also includes use of this MAC protocol for imperfect sensing scenarios and its effect on the performance of cognitive radio systems. The authors also discuss how energy efficiency has been maximized in this system, by applying a simple algorithm for optimizing the transmit power of the cognitive user. The study about the channel fading in the cognitive user and licensed user and power adaption policy in this scenario under peak transmit power and interference power constraint is also present in this book.
• The complete guide to magnetotherapy--the treatment that promises to revolutionize 21st-century medicine. • Magnet therapy has been used by more than 100 million people worldwide. • Clinical studies show magnet therapy to be an effective treatment for back pain, insomnia, high cholesterol and blood pressure, and many other ailments. The recent discovery of magnetic receptors in the human brain has confirmed what the ancient Chinese, Indians, Egyptians, and Greeks always knew: that human beings are strongly influenced by the Earth's magnetic field, and that by subtly altering our own energy fields with magnets we can restore proper balance to our body systems. This science of magnetotherapy has already been successfully used by more than 100 million people in the United States and around the world. Numerous scientific studies show that many cases of stiff shoulders, back, or neck, unexplained chest pain and frequent headaches, as well as insomnia and general fatigue are actually caused by what is known as Magnetic Deficiency Syndrome, and double-blind tests reveal that magnets have brought rapid relief in 90 percent of these cases. Magnet Therapy presents the history and science of this fascinating subject, explaining why magnets increase oxygenation in the blood, lower cholesterol and blood pressure, reduce pain, enhance cellular regeneration, and may even inhibit tumor growth. The authors detail methods for treating symptoms ranging from asthma to toothaches and weigh the benefits of magnetic necklaces, magnetic belts, and magnetized water, as well as traditional bipolar magnets. For devotees of alternative medicine, Birla and Hemlin explain how magnetotherapy fits into the context of other practices, such as Ayurveda and traditional Chinese medicine, and how it can be used in conjunction with acupuncture, massage, and other therapies. Complete with case studies and resource listings, Magnet Therapy is the comprehensive guide to what promises to be the next medical revolution.
This important book presents systematic evidence of the incidence and extent of the practice of untouchability in contemporary India. It is based on the results of a very large survey covering 560 villages in eleven states. The field data is supplemented by information concerning associated forms of discrimination which Dalits face in their daily lives./-//-/This study finds that untouchability is practised in one form or another in almost 80 per cent of the villages surveyed. It is most prevalent in the religious and personal spheres. While the evidence presented in this book suggests that the more blatant and extreme forms of untouchability appear to have declined, discrimination is still practised in one form or another. The most widespread manifestations are in access to water and to cremation or burial grounds, as also when it comes to the major life cycle rituals. The survey also found that the notion of untouchability continues to pervade the public sphere, including in a host of state institutions and the interactions that occur within them.
The book on ‘Forest Fire: Characteristics and Management’ embodies seven chapters providing an updated comprehensive information on history, causes & types, characteristics & behaviour, effects of fire on ecosystem dynamics i.e., plant, community, ecosystem, wildlife and soils, damaging & beneficial effects, prediction & management and, prevention & control of forest fires. In each chapter the readers will find complete information aptly backed by authentic data, examples and illustrations. Chapter eight is dedicated to bibliography. This book will be useful to students and researchers as a part of their curriculum and for forest managers/officials and planners as an important guide for managing forest fires.
Machine learning methods are changing the way we design and discover new materials. This book provides an overview of approaches successfully used in addressing materials problems (alloys, ferroelectrics, dielectrics) with a focus on probabilistic methods, such as Gaussian processes, to accurately estimate density functions. The authors, who have extensive experience in this interdisciplinary field, discuss generalizations where more than one competing material property is involved or data with differing degrees of precision/costs or fidelity/expense needs to be considered.
Streamlined to facilitate student understanding, this second edition, containing the latest techniques and methodologies and some new problems, continues to provide a comprehensive treatment of hydrology of watersheds, soil erosion problems, design and installation of soil conservation practices and structures, hydrologic and sediment yield models, watershed management and water harvesting. It also deals with the special requirements of management of agricultural and forested watersheds. This book is designed for undergraduate students of agricultural engineering for courses in hydrology, and soil and water conservation engineering. It will also be of considerable value to students of agriculture, soil science, forestry, and civil engineering. KEY FEATURES Emphasises fundamentals using numerous illustrations to help students visualise different phenomena Offers lucid presentation of field practices Presents the analysis and design of basic hydraulic structures Devotes an entire chapter to watershed management Provides numerous solved design problems and exercise problems to develop a clear understanding of the theory Gives theoretical questions, and objective type questions with answers to test the students’ understanding.
This book covers terahertz antenna technology for imaging and sensing, along with its various applications. The authors discuss the use of terahertz frequency and photoconductive antenna technology for imaging applications, such as biological and bio-medical applications, non-destructive inspection of fabrics and plastics, analysis of hydration levels or detecting the presence of metallic components in samples, and detecting a variety of materials with unique spectral fingerprints in the terahertz frequency range, such as different types of explosives or several compounds used in the fabrication of medicines. Provides a comprehensive review of terahertz source and detector for imaging and sensing; Discusses photoconductive antenna technology for imaging and sensing; Presents modalities for improving the photoconductive dipole antenna performance for imaging and sensing; Explores applications in tomographic imaging, art conservation and the pharmaceutical and aerospace industries.
This practical, illustrated guide to finding meaningful relationships through the art of palmistry provides complete and useful information. Over 200 illustrations of actual palms allow readers to compare the palms of friends and loved ones to different personality types and see how changes in characters over time are reflected in the lines of the hand.
• The complete guide to magnetotherapy--the treatment that promises to revolutionize 21st-century medicine. • Magnet therapy has been used by more than 100 million people worldwide. • Clinical studies show magnet therapy to be an effective treatment for back pain, insomnia, high cholesterol and blood pressure, and many other ailments. The recent discovery of magnetic receptors in the human brain has confirmed what the ancient Chinese, Indians, Egyptians, and Greeks always knew: that human beings are strongly influenced by the Earth's magnetic field, and that by subtly altering our own energy fields with magnets we can restore proper balance to our body systems. This science of magnetotherapy has already been successfully used by more than 100 million people in the United States and around the world. Numerous scientific studies show that many cases of stiff shoulders, back, or neck, unexplained chest pain and frequent headaches, as well as insomnia and general fatigue are actually caused by what is known as Magnetic Deficiency Syndrome, and double-blind tests reveal that magnets have brought rapid relief in 90 percent of these cases. Magnet Therapy presents the history and science of this fascinating subject, explaining why magnets increase oxygenation in the blood, lower cholesterol and blood pressure, reduce pain, enhance cellular regeneration, and may even inhibit tumor growth. The authors detail methods for treating symptoms ranging from asthma to toothaches and weigh the benefits of magnetic necklaces, magnetic belts, and magnetized water, as well as traditional bipolar magnets. For devotees of alternative medicine, Birla and Hemlin explain how magnetotherapy fits into the context of other practices, such as Ayurveda and traditional Chinese medicine, and how it can be used in conjunction with acupuncture, massage, and other therapies. Complete with case studies and resource listings, Magnet Therapy is the comprehensive guide to what promises to be the next medical revolution.
Use the ancient Indian art of Vedic palmistry as a guide to self-understanding and the creation of your destiny. • Learn to influence your future to bring forth the best qualities of heart, mind, and soul. • Read a record of the past, a print of the present, and guidance for the future in the ever changing interplay of lines. • Become aware of your innate tendencies and personality type from the lines in your palms. One's destiny isn't carved in stone. Rather than predicting a set future, Vedic palmistry shows us how to take active steps to influence and improve our destinies once we have gained better self-understanding. Using dozens of illustrations and examples of actual palm prints, Birla demonstrates how our less dominant hand reflects all that we have inherited from the past--old behavior patterns, thoughts, desires, and attitudes--while our dominant hand (the hand we write with) reflects our resolve to change for the better. By comparing both hands we gain an understanding of where we are coming from and where we are headed. As we make positive changes in our lives, the lines on our palms will actually change to reflect our progress.
This book provides analysis and discusses the design of various MOSFET technologies which are used for the design of Double-Pole Four-Throw (DP4T) RF switches for next generation communication systems. The authors discuss the design of the (DP4T) RF switch by using the Double-Gate (DG) MOSFET, as well as the Cylindrical Surrounding double-gate (CSDG) MOSFET. The effect of HFO2 (high dielectric material) in the design of DG MOSFET and CSDG MOSFET is also explored. Coverage includes comparison of Single-gate MOSFET and Double-gate MOSFET switching parameters, as well as testing of MOSFETs parameters using image acquisition.
This book covers terahertz antenna technology for imaging and sensing, along with its various applications. The authors discuss the use of terahertz frequency and photoconductive antenna technology for imaging applications, such as biological and bio-medical applications, non-destructive inspection of fabrics and plastics, analysis of hydration levels or detecting the presence of metallic components in samples, and detecting a variety of materials with unique spectral fingerprints in the terahertz frequency range, such as different types of explosives or several compounds used in the fabrication of medicines. Provides a comprehensive review of terahertz source and detector for imaging and sensing; Discusses photoconductive antenna technology for imaging and sensing; Presents modalities for improving the photoconductive dipole antenna performance for imaging and sensing; Explores applications in tomographic imaging, art conservation and the pharmaceutical and aerospace industries.
This book discusses the architecture, design and implementation of critical components of Sustainable Smart Cities to support governance, transportation, energy, healthcare, factories, technologies, securities, agriculture and education. The authors discuss the background of sustainable smart cities architectures and technologies and describe the problems that arise in design and implementation. In particular, this book discusses a proposed, 6G-based framework and architecture of IoT based sustainable smart cities. The authors describe the use of artificial intelligence in many zones of cities to increase the system's performance and efficiency. With the detailed discussion of energy management in smart cities, they have also presented how Internet of Vehicles (IoV) uses wireless communication and sensing technology to establish a network of information exchange between vehicles, infrastructure, and the environment. The discussion also includes Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) as well as Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) for IoT based sustainable smart cities. This book explores societal, economic, and practical reforms that would promote smart cities, based on a variety of case studies.
This book discusses terahertz (THz) wireless communication, particularly for 6G enabling technologies, including antenna design, and channel modeling with channel characteristics for the success of reliable 6G wireless communication. The authors describe THz microstrip antenna technologies with different substrates and introduce some useful substrates to reduce the conductor and substrate losses at the THz frequencies. The discussion also includes the design of the THz unit-cell microstrip antenna and the techniques to boost the microstrip antennas' gain, directivity, and impedance bandwidth (BW), which influence the wireless communication range which is highly affected by the path losses of atmospheric conditions, and transmit and receive data rates, respectively. Moreover, this book discusses the multi-beam and beamforming THz antenna technologies with the multi-user-multiple-input-multiple-output (MU-MIMO) features. Additionally, this book describes the reconfigurable capabilities, artificial intelligence, machine learning, and deep learning technologies that will influence the success of 6G wireless communication and the authors suggest a remedy for integrating multiple radios into the system-on-chip (SoC) design.
This book describes various methods to enhance the directivity of planar antennas, enabling the next generation of high frequency, wireless communication. The authors discuss various applications to the terahertz regime of the electromagnetic spectrum, with an emphasis on gain enhancement mechanisms. The numerical models of these antennas are presented and the analytical results are supported, using commercial simulators. The multilayer substrate microstrip transmission line at terahertz frequency is also explored and a method to obtain the various parameters of this interconnect at high frequency is described. This book will be a valuable resource for anyone needing to explore the terahertz band gap for future wireless communication, in an effort to solve the bandwidth (spectrum scarcity) problem.
This book discusses the use of the spectrum sharing techniques in cognitive radio technology, in order to address the problem of spectrum scarcity for future wireless communications. The authors describe a cognitive radio medium access control (MAC) protocol, with which throughput maximization has been achieved. The discussion also includes use of this MAC protocol for imperfect sensing scenarios and its effect on the performance of cognitive radio systems. The authors also discuss how energy efficiency has been maximized in this system, by applying a simple algorithm for optimizing the transmit power of the cognitive user. The study about the channel fading in the cognitive user and licensed user and power adaption policy in this scenario under peak transmit power and interference power constraint is also present in this book.
SPECTRUM SHARING IN COGNITIVE RADIO NETWORKS Discover the latest advances in spectrum sharing in wireless networks from two internationally recognized experts in the field Spectrum Sharing in Cognitive Radio Networks: Towards Highly Connected Environments delivers an in-depth and insightful examination of hybrid spectrum access techniques with advanced frame structures designed for efficient spectrum utilization. The accomplished authors present the energy and spectrum efficient frameworks used in high-demand distributed architectures by relying on the self-scheduled medium access control (SMC-MAC) protocol in cognitive radio networks. The book begins with an exploration of the fundamentals of recent advances in spectrum sharing techniques before moving onto advanced frame structures with spectrum accessing approaches and the role of spectrum prediction and spectrum monitoring to eliminate interference. The authors also cover spectrum mobility, interference, and spectrum management for connected environments in substantial detail. Spectrum Sharing in Cognitive Radio Networks: Towards Highly Connected Environments offers readers a recent and rational theoretical mathematical model of spectrum sharing strategies that can be used for practical simulation of future generation wireless communication technologies. It also highlights ongoing trends, revealing fresh research outcomes that will be of interest to active researchers in the area. Readers will also benefit from: An inclusive study of connected environments, 3GPP Releases, and the evolution of wireless communication generations with a discussion of advanced frame structures and access strategies in cognitive radio networks A treatment of cognitive radio networks using spectrum prediction and monitoring techniques An analysis of the effects of imperfect spectrum monitoring on cognitive radio networks An exploration of spectrum mobility in cognitive radio networks using spectrum prediction and monitoring techniques An examination of MIMO-based CR-NOMA communication systems for spectral and interference efficient designs Perfect for senior undergraduate and graduate students in Electrical and Electronics Communication Engineering programs, Spectrum Sharing in Cognitive Radio Networks: Towards Highly Connected Environments will also earn a place in the libraries of professional engineers and researchers working in the field, whether in private industry, government, or academia.
SPECTRUM SHARING IN COGNITIVE RADIO NETWORKS Discover the latest advances in spectrum sharing in wireless networks from two internationally recognized experts in the field Spectrum Sharing in Cognitive Radio Networks: Towards Highly Connected Environments delivers an in-depth and insightful examination of hybrid spectrum access techniques with advanced frame structures designed for efficient spectrum utilization. The accomplished authors present the energy and spectrum efficient frameworks used in high-demand distributed architectures by relying on the self-scheduled medium access control (SMC-MAC) protocol in cognitive radio networks. The book begins with an exploration of the fundamentals of recent advances in spectrum sharing techniques before moving onto advanced frame structures with spectrum accessing approaches and the role of spectrum prediction and spectrum monitoring to eliminate interference. The authors also cover spectrum mobility, interference, and spectrum management for connected environments in substantial detail. Spectrum Sharing in Cognitive Radio Networks: Towards Highly Connected Environments offers readers a recent and rational theoretical mathematical model of spectrum sharing strategies that can be used for practical simulation of future generation wireless communication technologies. It also highlights ongoing trends, revealing fresh research outcomes that will be of interest to active researchers in the area. Readers will also benefit from: An inclusive study of connected environments, 3GPP Releases, and the evolution of wireless communication generations with a discussion of advanced frame structures and access strategies in cognitive radio networks A treatment of cognitive radio networks using spectrum prediction and monitoring techniques An analysis of the effects of imperfect spectrum monitoring on cognitive radio networks An exploration of spectrum mobility in cognitive radio networks using spectrum prediction and monitoring techniques An examination of MIMO-based CR-NOMA communication systems for spectral and interference efficient designs Perfect for senior undergraduate and graduate students in Electrical and Electronics Communication Engineering programs, Spectrum Sharing in Cognitive Radio Networks: Towards Highly Connected Environments will also earn a place in the libraries of professional engineers and researchers working in the field, whether in private industry, government, or academia.
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