The twin-island state of São Tomé and Príncipe, located in the Gulf of Guinea, is the second smallest African country, after the Seychelles. The essays of this collection highlight crucial periods and important events in the country’s varied and eventful history, which spans more than 500 years. Portugal colonised the islands twice in significantly different economic and historical contexts: first, in the sixteenth century during its maritime expansion, and secondly in the latter half of the nineteenth century, at the beginning of the colonisation of Africa by European powers. In these two periods, the small islands played a pioneering role in the economic history of sugar and cocoa, respectively. Following independence in 1975, the country’s economic development has fallen far short of expectations and consequently its dependence on foreign aid has persisted. Nevertheless, external observers have considered the archipelago of 225,000 inhabitants to be a model of parliamentary democracy in Africa.
This book provides comprehensive information on the 500-year long colonial history, post-colonial politics, and local political culture and practice of the island republic of São Tomé and Príncipe, one of the smallest and least known African countries.
The English translation of the three-volume Exegetisches Wrterbuch zum Neuen Testament, this monumental work by an ecumenical group of scholars is first of all a complete English dictionary of New Testament Greek. Going beyond that, however EDNT also serves as a guide to the usage of every New Testament word in its various contexts, and it makes a significant contribution to New Testament exegesis and theology. EDNT's thorough, lengthy discussions of more significant words and its grouping of words related by root and meaning (with alphabetical cross-references) distinguish it from simpler Greek-English lexicons. Advancing the discussion of the Theological Dictionary of the Old Testament, EDNT summarizes more recent treatments of numerous questions in New Testament study and takes into consideration newer viewpoints of linguistics.
Principles of International Criminal Law is one of the most influential textbooks in the field of international criminal justice. This fourth edition builds on the highly-successful work of the previous editions, setting out the general principles governing international crimes as well as the fundamentals of both substantive and procedural international criminal law. It provides a detailed understanding of the sources and evolution of international criminal law, demonstrating how it has developed, and how its application has changed. The book assesses in detail the four key international crimes as defined by the statute of the International Criminal Court: genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and the crime of aggression. The new edition revises and updates the work with developments in international criminal justice since 2014. It includes substantial new material on critical perspectives on international criminal justice, the fragmentation of international criminal law, new war crimes of prohibited means of warfare, and the prosecution of crimes committed in Syria and Northern Iraq.The book retains its highly-acclaimed systematic approach and consistent methodology, making it essential reading for both students and scholars of international criminal law, as well as practitioners and judges working in the field.
The book describes the physical properties of gases and describes the different measuring methods and sensor principles for the analysis of gas mixtures. The use of gas sensors in different applications is shown by means of practical examples. These applications of the metrological detection of gases originate from many fields of engineering, in particular energy technology, food technology, process engineering, biotechnology, safety engineering, medical technology and environmental technology. This book is a translation of the original German 1st edition Gasmesstechnik in Theorie und Praxis by Gerhard Wiegleb, published by Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH, part of Springer Nature in 2017. The translation was done with the help of artificial intelligence (machine translation by the service DeepL.com). A subsequent human revision was done primarily in terms of content, so that the book will read stylistically differently from a conventional translation. Springer Nature works continuously to further the development of tools for the production of books and on the related technologies to support the authors.
This publication is based on the plant processes and reaction sites for which reliable knowledge on both their physiology and biochem-istry and the mode of herbicidal action is available. Targets of the agrochemical research, such as enzymes of biosynthetic pathways or herbicide-binding peptides in the photosynthetic membrane, are highlighted. Detailed knowledge about the target sites will allow bio-chemical model systems to evaluate the biological activity of newly synthesized compounds before their conventional screening in the greenhouse. Quantitative structure/activity relationships should be performed more reliably with simple biological species or enzymol-ogy assays, to aid in the rational design of pesticides. This text is highly valuable for plant physiologists, pathologists, and chemists in the agrochemical industry and universities.
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