The Indo-Aryan languages are spoken by at least 700 million people throughout India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri Lanka and the Maldive Islands. They have a claim to great antiquity, with the earliest Vedic Sanskrit texts dating to the end of the second millennium B.C. With texts in Old Indo-Aryan, Middle Indo-Aryan and Modern Indo-Aryan, this language family supplies a historical documentation of language change over a longer period than any other subgroup of Indo-European. This volume is divided into two main sections dealing with general matters and individual languages. Each chapter on the individual language covers the phonology and grammar (morphology and syntax) of the language and its writing system, and gives the historical background and information concerning the geography of the language and the number of its speakers.
The present work is intended as a critical survey of research carried out in the area of Paninian grammar including works by Paniniyas on semantics and philosophy of grammar. Although the bibliography is not and indeed could not be exhaustive it is representative of the research done in India and elsewhere on the topics of discussion. The bibliography is accompanied by the author`s appraisal of the work that has been done and the conclusion which have been reached : he treats the ideas and conclusions of scholars sifts conflicting views and gives what he considers to be reasonable and tenable conclusions warranted by the evidence refraining from such conslusions where the evidence appears inconclusive.
Bihari Grammar is a very valueable and rare grammar which was compiled by a great eminent linguist and philologist under the orders of the Government of Bengal. The grammar is in constant and urgent demand. No such document is available presently on the subject. Bihari Language is being spoken in the province of Bihar, in the eastern portion of the North western provinces and the northern portion of the central provinces. It is a compendium grammar of the dialect of each district compiled by the author for official use in the state for government officers. No grammar of any of the dialect of Bihar has even been published except the Bhojpuri grammar of Mr. Beames. No other grammar meets the demand of Magadhi and Bhojpuri speaking parts of Bihar. This Grammar will no doubt meet demand of all. The grammar is a rare compilation and will be of greau set for all including students and teachers of Bihari language.
This volume provides the most up-to-date and holistic but compact account of the peopling of the world from the perspective of language, genes and material culture. The book provides detailed answers to the question of where we all came from.
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