Geoffrey Walford, a renowned and experienced researcher, reflects upon the trials and tribulations and the problems and promises of conducting research - and also on the links between the idiosyncrasies and circumstances of researchers and what is possible in research. Research is revealed as a much more complicated process than is usually recognized, sometimes messy and disorganized, sometimes constrained in unexpected ways, but always challenging to both researcher and reader.
Geoffrey Walford tackles one of the perennial issues in education policy, namely the inter-relationship of markets and equity. His discussion synthesises research findings (his own in the context of others) from over a decade examining the triangle between (i) theory, (ii) policy (both current and recent) and (iii) practice.
The acclaimed historian demonstrates a link between climate change and social unrest across the globe during the mid-17th century. Revolutions, droughts, famines, invasions, wars, regicides, government collapses—the calamities of the mid-seventeenth century were unprecedented in both frequency and severity. The effects of what historians call the "General Crisis" extended from England to Japan and from the Russian Empire to sub-Saharan Africa and the Americas. In this meticulously researched volume, historian Geoffrey Parker presents the firsthand testimony of men and women who experienced the many political, economic, and social crises that occurred between 1618 to the late 1680s. He also incorporates the scientific evidence of climate change during this period into the narrative, offering a strikingly new understanding of the General Crisis. Changes in weather patterns, especially longer winters and cooler and wetter summers, disrupted growing seasons and destroyed harvests. This in turn brought hunger, malnutrition, and disease; and as material conditions worsened, wars, rebellions, and revolutions rocked the world.
Geoffrey Walford tackles one of the perennial issues in education policy, namely the inter-relationship of markets and equity. His discussion synthesises research findings (his own in the context of others) from over a decade examining the triangle between (i) theory, (ii) policy (both current and recent) and (iii) practice.
This is science writing as wonder and as inspiration." —The Wall Street Journal Wall Street Journal From one of the most influential scientists of our time, a dazzling exploration of the hidden laws that govern the life cycle of everything from plants and animals to the cities we live in. Visionary physicist Geoffrey West is a pioneer in the field of complexity science, the science of emergent systems and networks. The term “complexity” can be misleading, however, because what makes West’s discoveries so beautiful is that he has found an underlying simplicity that unites the seemingly complex and diverse phenomena of living systems, including our bodies, our cities and our businesses. Fascinated by aging and mortality, West applied the rigor of a physicist to the biological question of why we live as long as we do and no longer. The result was astonishing, and changed science: West found that despite the riotous diversity in mammals, they are all, to a large degree, scaled versions of each other. If you know the size of a mammal, you can use scaling laws to learn everything from how much food it eats per day, what its heart-rate is, how long it will take to mature, its lifespan, and so on. Furthermore, the efficiency of the mammal’s circulatory systems scales up precisely based on weight: if you compare a mouse, a human and an elephant on a logarithmic graph, you find with every doubling of average weight, a species gets 25% more efficient—and lives 25% longer. Fundamentally, he has proven, the issue has to do with the fractal geometry of the networks that supply energy and remove waste from the organism’s body. West’s work has been game-changing for biologists, but then he made the even bolder move of exploring his work’s applicability. Cities, too, are constellations of networks and laws of scalability relate with eerie precision to them. Recently, West has applied his revolutionary work to the business world. This investigation has led to powerful insights into why some companies thrive while others fail. The implications of these discoveries are far-reaching, and are just beginning to be explored. Scale is a thrilling scientific adventure story about the elemental natural laws that bind us together in simple but profound ways. Through the brilliant mind of Geoffrey West, we can envision how cities, companies and biological life alike are dancing to the same simple, powerful tune.
It is now thirty-five years since Geoffrey Moorhouse wrote his cricket classic The Best Loved Game, which also seems unimaginable, but only because it feels like last week. Even so, in that time the game has changed, in many respects beyond recognition, which makes the book more valuable than ever - as an elegy for a lost world.' Matthew Engel, in his new Preface Geoffrey Moorhouse spent the summer of 1978 sampling cricket at every level: from Eton v Harrow to the Lancashire League; from Cambridge undergraduates getting a lesson from Zaheer Abbas to Ian Botham excelling with bat and ball at Lord's; from a farmer's boy making an unbeaten 24 at an Oxfordshire village match to the incomparable clowning of Derek Randall at Trent Bridge. 'Surely destined to rest beside the finest works of this nature in the library of cricket.' David Frith, Wisden Cricket Monthly
This book examines the notion of a law of obligations as a conceptual category in itself; and, in doing this, it presents the foundational material in a context that draws on some comparative and theoretical ideas while, at the same time, emphasising the special characteristics of the common law. The book is specifically designed to act as an introduction to the legal research skills of reasoning and method. It also looks at the foundations of civil liability in a way that emphasises the interrelationship of source materials, problem solving and conceptual analysis and justification.
This revised and updated edition provides an integrated guide to the documentation, reference aids and key organizational sources of information about museums and museum studies worldwide. Part One provides an overview of museums and the literature about them. Part Two is an annotated bibliography, and Part Three is an international directory of organizations. A detailed index completes the work.
This book is about the coronavirus and the pandemic it spawned, and what this outbreak means for future pandemics. It analyses the official response and sees where improvements can be made, for example, the World Health Organization waited till March to designate the coronavirus a pandemic and a full year before confirming its airborne transmission. The book looks at the specific nature of the virus, its origins and how it was transmitted, why it was so deadly to predisposed individuals, how it compares to previous pandemics, what measures were taken mitigate the disease and how to protect ourselves against it in future. The book also looks into the wider implications of the pandemic and its causes, for example, how climate change and biodiversity are coming into direct conflict with ever expanding needs of population growth and urban sprawl has conspired to bring us into ever closer contact with these viruses, for example, Nipah virus outbreak from the deforestation of the Indonesian Rain Forest, and Ebola from settlement expansion in the Congo. Lastly the book looks at the wider nature of viruses and their historical significance to the tree-of-life of the planet, and their relationship to our evolution. This book is a timely search into the nature of viruses and how they will affect us going forward, and what measures we can take to protect ourselves and mitigate the dangers from future outbreaks by integrating our industrial society into an ecological friendly setting, thereby accommodating these viruses.
Describing the major principles of the English law of contract, this text represents a source of information and analysis for students studying the law of contract and law of obligations. Each chapter contains numerous references to additional primary and secondary sources.
By examining the rise of life insurance institutions in 18th-century England, this book offers fresh insight into the history of a commercial society learning to apply speculative techniques to the management of risk.
Though it is clearly an exceptionally important part of popular culture, witchcraft has generated a variety of often contradictory interpretations, starting from widely differing premises about the nature of witchcraft, its social role and the importance of higher theology as well as more popular beliefs. This work offers a conspectus of historical work on witchcraft in Europe, and shows how many trends converged to form the figure of the witch, and varied from one part of Europe to another.
It adopts an approach which explains the historical development of the common law institutions and procedures whilst also setting them in perspective through a comparative outlook. Aspects of the common law are contrasted on occasions with structural o
British chemistry has traditionally been depicted as a solely male endeavour. However, this perspective is untrue: the allure of chemistry has attracted women since the earliest times. Despite the barriers placed in their path, women studied academic chemistry from the 1880s onwards and made interesting or significant contributions to their fields, yet they are virtually absent from historical records.Comprising a unique set of biographies of 141 of the 896 known women chemists from 1880 to 1949, this work attempts to address the imbalance by showcasing the determination of these women to survive and flourish in an environment dominated by men. Individual biographical accounts interspersed with contemporary quotes describe how women overcame the barriers of secondary and tertiary education, and of admission to professional societies. Although these women are lost to historical records, they are brought together here for the first time to show that a vibrant culture of female chemists did indeed exist in Britain during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
Modern architecture has become extremely complex and its study has been made more difficult by changes in fashion and a proliferation of design modes. In this book, Geoffrey Baker develops a methodology for design analysis that reveals the underlying organisation of buildings. Part One explains the nature and role of architecture in a wide-ranging discussion extending from geometry to symbolism. Part Two demonstrates the analytical methodology by reference to cities and works by modern masters such as Aalto, Meier and Stirling. In this second revised edition, Dr Baker has added a chapter outlining the relationship between some current perceptions of science, art and philosophy, and how these impinge on architecture. The discussion compares Futurism, Constructivism, Suprematism, High Tech, Deconstruction and the attitude of the avant-garde, with the phenomenology of Bachelard and Heiddeger.
Over the centuries North London has witnessed literally thousands of murders: those included within the pages of this book have shocked, fascinated and enthralled the public and commentators for generations. From Britain's first railway murder, a case that turned on the evidence provided by a distinctive style of hat, to the appalling story of two Islington woman convicted after 'disposing of' babies in their care, these are crimes that both horrified and captivated the public. No volume covering the murders of this part of London would be complete without an examination of the Crippen case; the name of Frederick Henry Seddon, hanged for poisoning Miss Eliza Barrow, is now less well known, although for several decades his waxwork effigy was a popular exhibit at Madame Tussaud's Chamber of Horrors and his story is an extraordinary one. Among other cases included here, North London Murders also re-examines the crimes of serial 'bride-killer' George Joseph Smith, the tragic story of Ruth Ellis and David Blakely, and the killing of Joe Orton by Kenneth Halliwell.
In a time of great agricultural and rural change, the notion of 'multifunctionality' has remained under-theorized and poorly linked to wider debates in the social sciences. This book analyses the extent to which the proposed transition towards post-productivist agriculture holds up to scientific scrutiny, and proposes a modified productivist/non-productivist model that better encapsulates the complexity of agricultural and rural change. By combining existing notions and concepts, this book (re)conceptualizes agricultural change, creating a new transition theory, and a new way of looking at the future of agriculture.
With the growth of practitioner research, this book leads the way by addressing key issues faced by ‘insider researchers’ – those doing research projects in the organizations and communities in which they themselves work, or where they are already familiar with the setting. The authors explore the implications of these research contexts, and discuss approaches and methodologies that researchers in these contexts might adopt, with a particular focus on ethics - one of the key concerns for students undertaking a research project of this type.
Written by literary scholars, historians of science, and cultural historians, the twenty-two original essays in this collection explore the intriguing and multifaceted interrelationships between science and culture through the periodical press in nineteenth-century Britain. Ranging across the spectrum of periodical titles, the six sections comprise: 'Women, Children, and Gender', 'Religious Audiences', 'Naturalizing the Supernatural', 'Contesting New Technologies', 'Professionalization and Journalism', and 'Evolution, Psychology, and Culture'. The essays offer some of the first 'samplings and soundings' from the emergent and richly interdisciplinary field of scholarship on the relations between science and the nineteenth-century media.
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