Geoffrey N. Leech's Books

Grammar of Spoken and Written English

By: Douglas Biber,Stig Johansson,Geoffrey N. Leech,Susan Conrad,Edward Finegan

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Grammar of Spoken and Written English

By: Douglas Biber,Stig Johansson,Geoffrey N. Leech,Susan Conrad,Edward Finegan

The completely redesigned Grammar of Spoken and Written English is a comprehensive corpus-based reference grammar. GSWE describes the structural characteristics of grammatical constructions in English, as do other reference grammars. But GSWE is unique in that it gives equal attention to describing the patterns of language use for each grammatical feature, based on empirical analyses of grammatical patterns in a 40-million-word corpus of spoken and written registers. Grammar-in-use is characterized by three inter-related kinds of information: frequency of grammatical features in spoken and written registers, frequencies of the most common lexico-grammatical patterns, and analysis of the discourse factors influencing choices among related grammatical features. GSWE includes over 350 tables and figures highlighting the results of corpus-based investigations. Throughout the book, authentic examples illustrate all research findings. The empirical descriptions document the lexico-grammatical features that are especially common in face-to-face-conversation compared to those that are especially common in academic writing. Analyses of fiction and newspaper articles are included as further benchmarks of language use. GSWE contains over 6,000 authentic examples from these four registers, illustrating the range of lexico-grammatical features in real-world speech and writing. In addition, comparisons between British and American English reveal specific regional differences. Now completely redesigned and available in an electronic edition, the Grammar of Spoken and Written English remains a unique and indispensable reference work for researchers, language teachers, and students alike.

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1258

Publisher

John Benjamins Publishing Company

Published Date

ISBN 10

9027260478

ISBN 13

9789027260475

Statistically-driven Computer Grammars of English

The IBM/Lancaster Approach

By: Geoffrey N. Leech

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Statistically-driven Computer Grammars of English

The IBM/Lancaster Approach

By: Geoffrey N. Leech

This book is about building computer programs that parse (analyze, or diagram) sentences of a real-world English. The English we are concerned with might be a corpus of everyday, naturally-occurring prose, such as the entire text of this morning's newspaper.Most programs that now exist for this purpose are not very successful at finding the correct analysis for everyday sentences. In contrast, the programs described here make use of a more successful statistically-driven approach.Our book is, first, a record of a five-year research collaboration between IBM and Lancaster University. Large numbers of real-world sentences were fed into the memory of a program for grammatical analysis (including a detailed grammar of English) and processed by statistical methods. The idea is to single out the correct parse, among all those offered by the grammar, on the basis of probabilities. Second, this is a how-to book, showing how to build and implement a statistically-driven broad-coverage grammar of English. We even supply our own grammar, with the necessary statistical algorithms, and with the knowledge needed to prepare a very large set (or corpus) of sentences so that it can be used to guide the statistical processing of the grammar's rules.

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Page Count

268

Publisher

Rodopi

Published Date

ISBN 10

9051834780

ISBN 13

9789051834789

Change in Contemporary English

A Grammatical Study

By: Geoffrey N. Leech

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Change in Contemporary English

A Grammatical Study

By: Geoffrey N. Leech

Based on the systematic analysis of large amounts of computer-readable text, this book shows how the English language has been changing in the recent past, and discusses the linguistic and social factors that are contributing to this process.

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Page Count

371

Publisher

Cambridge University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0521867223

ISBN 13

9780521867221

A Linguistic Guide to English Poetry

By: Geoffrey N. Leech

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A Linguistic Guide to English Poetry

By: Geoffrey N. Leech

Seeks to demonstrate that the study of English poetry is enriched by the insights of modern linguistic analysis, and that linguistic and critical disciplines are not separate but complementary. Examining a wide range of poetry, Professor Leech considers many aspects of poetic style, including the language of past and present, creative language, poetic licence, repetition, sound, metre, context and ambiguity.

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257

Publisher

Routledge

Published Date

ISBN 10

1317869664

ISBN 13

9781317869665

Principles of Pragmatics

By: Geoffrey N. Leech

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Principles of Pragmatics

By: Geoffrey N. Leech

Over the years, pragmatics - the study of the use and meaning of utterances to their situations - has become a more and more important branch of linguistics, as the inadequacies of a purely formalist, abstract approach to the study of language have become more evident. This book presents a rhetorical model of pragmatics: that is, a model which studies linguistic communication in terms of communicative goals and principles of 'good communicative behaviour'. In this respect, Geoffrey Leech argues for a rapprochement between linguistics and the traditional discipline of rhetoric. He does not reject the Chomskvan revolution of linguistics, but rather maintains that the language system in the abstract - i.e. the 'grammar' broadly in Chomsky's sense - must be studied in relation to a fully developed theory of language use. There is therefore a division of labour between grammar and rhetoric, or (in the study of meaning) between semantics and pragmatics. The book's main focus is thus on the development of a model of pragmatics within an overall functional model of language. In this it builds on the speech avct theory of Austin and Searle, and the theory of conversational implicature of Grice, but at the same time enlarges pragmatics to include politeness, irony, phatic communion, and other social principles of linguistic behaviour.

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265

Publisher

Routledge

Published Date

ISBN 10

1317869486

ISBN 13

9781317869481

The Pragmatics of Politeness

By: Geoffrey N. Leech

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The Pragmatics of Politeness

By: Geoffrey N. Leech

This readable book presents a new general theoretical understanding of politeness. It offers an account of a wide range of politeness phenomena in English, illustrated by hundreds of examples of actual language use taken largely from authentic British and American sources. Building on his earlier pioneering work on politeness, Geoffrey Leech takes a pragmatic approach that is based on the controversial notion that politeness is communicative altruism. Leech's 1983 book, Principles of Pragmatics, introduced the now widely-accepted distinction between pragmalinguistic and sociopragmatic aspects of politeness; this book returns to the pragmalinguistic side, somewhat neglected in recent work. Drawing on neo-Gricean thinking, Leech rejects the prevalent view that it is impossible to apply the terms 'polite' or 'impolite' to linguistic phenomena. Leech covers all major speech acts that are either positively or negatively associated with politeness, such as requests, apologies, compliments, offers, criticisms, good wishes, condolences, congratulations, agreement, and disagreement. Additional chapters deal with impoliteness and the related phenomena of irony ("mock politeness") and banter ("mock impoliteness"), and with the role of politeness in the learning of English as a second language. A final chapter takes a fascinating look at more than a thousand years of history of politeness in the English language.

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369

Publisher

Oxford University Press, USA

Published Date

ISBN 10

019534135X

ISBN 13

9780195341355

Meaning and the English Verb

By: Geoffrey N. Leech

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Meaning and the English Verb

By: Geoffrey N. Leech

Every language has its peculiar problems of meaning for the foreign learner. In the English language, some of the biggest yet most fascinating problems are concentrated in the area of the finite verb phrase: in particular, tense, aspect, mood and modality. Meaning and the English Verb describes these fields in detail for teachers and advanced students of English as a foreign or second language. This new third edition uses up-to-date examples to show differences and similarities between American and British english, reflecting a great deal of recent research in this area. It also takes account of the subtle changes which are taking place in the language today. In print for over 30 years, Meaning and the English Verb has established itself as a recognised authority on the meaning and use of verb constructions in English. This updated third edition will ensure that it remains an invaluable text for teachers and students of English worldwide.

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152

Publisher

Routledge

Published Date

ISBN 10

1317867955

ISBN 13

9781317867951

Explorations in Semantics and Pragmatics

By: Geoffrey N. Leech

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Explorations in Semantics and Pragmatics

By: Geoffrey N. Leech

The aim of this book is to show the way forward to a coherent view of language in which the achievement of the formalist paradigm is strengthened to the extent that its claims are weakened. A formal theory such as generative grammar is a special theory which is to be subsumed in a general theory of linguistic communication that also includes pragmatics. The tension between the psycho-formalist and the socio-functional views could be resolved in a synthesis whereby both the psychological and social natures of language are fully acknowledged. Semantics and pragmatics, representing these two natures in the study of meaning, have distinct goals, which can be defined more clearly and pursued more effectively to the extent that both their distinctness and their interdependence are recognized.

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143

Publisher

John Benjamins Publishing

Published Date

ISBN 10

9027281092

ISBN 13

9789027281098

Yukhíti Kóy

A Reference Grammar of the Atakapa Language

By: Geoffrey D. Kimball

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Yukhíti Kóy

A Reference Grammar of the Atakapa Language

By: Geoffrey D. Kimball

Geoffrey Kimball presents the first grammar of the American Indian language Atakapa, Yukhíti Kóy, once spoken in coastal southwestern Louisiana and coastal eastern Texas.

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316

Publisher

U of Nebraska Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

1496229665

ISBN 13

9781496229663

Koasati Dictionary

By: Geoffrey D. Kimball

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Koasati Dictionary

By: Geoffrey D. Kimball

Koasati Dictionary is one of the first modern dictionaries ever published of a language of the Muskogean language family, whose speakers formerly occupied mostøof the southeastern United States. When first met by Europeans in the sixteenth century, the Koasati people were living in Eastern Tennessee. In the early eighteenth century they moved to south-central Alabama and eventually migrated to present-day Louisiana, Texas, or Oklahoma. Today their language survives in southwestern Louisiana, where it is still spoken by the majority of tribal members living there. Published three years after Kimball?s richly detailed Koasati Grammar, this dictionary is the second of three monographs to result from his fifteen-year study of the language. In this work, Kimball provides the user with a substantial introduction outlining Koasati grammar and then organizes dictionary entries into two parts, the first arranged from Koasati to English and the second from English to Koasati. In addition to the English translations, entries in the Koasati-English section include sample sentences that illustrated word usage as well as illuminate traditional Koasati culture. Most of these sentences are taken from narrative texts. The dictionary, like Kimball?s grammar of Koasati, is an indispensable reference work for linguists, anthropologists, and historians?indeed, for anyone interested in the native culture history of the southeastern United States.

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490

Publisher

U of Nebraska Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0803227264

ISBN 13

9780803227262

Language in Literature

Style and Foregrounding

By: Geoffrey Leech

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Language in Literature

Style and Foregrounding

By: Geoffrey Leech

Over a period of over forty years, Geoffrey Leech has made notable contributions to the field of literary stylistics, using the interplay between linguistic form and literary function as a key to the ‘mystery’ of how a text comes to be invested with artistic potential. In this book, seven earlier papers and articles, read previously only by a restricted audience, have been brought together with four new chapters, the whole volume showing a continuity of approach across a period when all too often literary and linguistic studies have appeared to drift further apart. Leech sets the concept of ‘foregrounding’ (also known as defamiliarization) at the heart of the interplay between form and interpretation. Through practical and insightful examination of how poems, plays and prose works produce special meaning, he counteracts the ‘flight from the text’ that has characterized thinking about language and literature in the last thirty years, when the response of the reader, rather than the characteristics and meaning potential of the text itself, have been given undue prominence. The book provides an enlightening analysis of well-known (as well as less well-known) texts of great writers of the past, including Keats, Shelley, Samuel Johnson, Shaw, Dylan Thomas, and Virginia Woolf.

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235

Publisher

Routledge

Published Date

ISBN 10

1317899938

ISBN 13

9781317899938

The Pragmatics of Politeness

By: Geoffrey N. Leech

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The Pragmatics of Politeness

By: Geoffrey N. Leech

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369

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Oxford University Press, USA

Published Date

ISBN 10

019534135X

ISBN 13

9780195341355

Book's by Geoffrey N. Leech

Grammar of Spoken and Written English

Grammar of Spoken and Written English

Statistically-driven Computer Grammars of English

Statistically-driven Computer Grammars of English

Change in Contemporary English

Change in Contemporary English

A Linguistic Guide to English Poetry

A Linguistic Guide to English Poetry

Principles of Pragmatics

Principles of Pragmatics

The Pragmatics of Politeness

The Pragmatics of Politeness

Meaning and the English Verb

Meaning and the English Verb

Explorations in Semantics and Pragmatics

Explorations in Semantics and Pragmatics

Yukhíti Kóy

Yukhíti Kóy

Koasati Dictionary

Koasati Dictionary

Language in Literature

Language in Literature

The Pragmatics of Politeness

The Pragmatics of Politeness

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