With the availability of software programs, such as LISREL, EQS, and AMOS, modeling (SEM) techniques have become a popular tool for formalized presentation of the hypothesized relationships underlying correlational research and test for the plausibility of hypothesizing for a particular data set. Through the use of careful narrative explanation, Maruyama's text describes the logic underlying SEM approaches, describes how SEM approaches relate to techniques like regression and factor analysis, analyzes the strengths and shortcomings of SEM as compared to alternative methodologies, and explores the various methodologies for analyzing structural equation data. In addition, Maruyama provides carefully constructed exercises both within and
Recombinant Poxviruses provides a comprehensive examination of poxviruses with an emphasis on the potential of these viruses as new vaccines. The book considers a wide range of issues involved in producing new genetically engineered live vaccines, such as efficacy, safety, stability, cost, host range, immune response, immunization route, use of multivalent vaccines, and need for revaccination. The opening chapter describes the origin of vaccinia virus, its use to eradicate smallpox, and the pathogenesis of poxvirus infections. Subsequent chapters examine the molecular biology of poxviruses, methods of constructing vaccinia virus recombinants, and applications; the use and immune responses induced by poxvirus recombinants as live vaccines; and the important issues of the safety and immunogenicity of vaccinia virus. The book's final two chapters report the progress that has been made developing avipoxviruses and parapoxviruses as candidate recombinant vaccines. Recombinant Poxviruses will be a welcome addition to the bookshelves of virologists, microbiologists, infectious disease specialists, and veterinarians.
The mysterious world of fungi is once again unearthed in this expansive second edition. This textbook provides readers with an all-embracing view of the kingdom fungi, ranging in scope from ecology and evolution, diversity and taxonomy, cell biology and biochemistry, to genetics and genomics, biotechnology and bioinformatics. Adopting a unique systems biology approach - and using explanatory figures and colour illustrations - the authors emphasise the diverse interactions between fungi and other organisms. They outline how recent advances in molecular techniques and computational biology have fundamentally changed our understanding of fungal biology, and have updated chapters and references throughout the book in light of this. This is a fascinating and accessible guide, which will appeal to a broad readership - from aspiring mycologists at undergraduate and graduate level to those studying related disciplines. Online resources are hosted on a complementary website.
Completely revised to meet the demands of today's trainee and practicing plastic surgeon, Principles, Volume 1 of Plastic Surgery, 4th Edition, features new full-color clinical photos, dynamic videos, and authoritative coverage of hot topics in the field. Editor-narrated PowerPoint presentations offer a step-by-step audio-visual walkthrough of techniques and procedures in plastic surgery. - Offers evidence-based advice from a diverse collection of experts to help you apply the very latest advances in plastic surgery and ensure optimal outcomes. - Provides updated coverage of: Digital technology in plastic surgery; Repair and grafting of fat and adipose tissue; Stem cell therapy and tissue engineering; and Treatment of Lymphedema - Includes brand-new color clinical photos, videos, and lectures. - Expert Consult eBook version included with purchase. This enhanced eBook experience allows you to search all of the text, figures, images, videos, and references from the book on a variety of devices.
This 1990 text brings together a detailed review by acknowledged authorities of grass reproductive biology. Essential to contemporary awareness of grasses is an understanding of their role in sustaining ecologically fragile environments, and the relative importance of annual and perennial reproduction is examined here.
The rich civilizations of ancient China and Greece built sciences of comparable sophistication-each based on different foundations of concept, method, and organization. In this engrossing book, two world-renowned scholars compare the cosmology, science, and medicine of China and Greece between 400 B.C. and A.D. 200, casting new light not only on the two civilizations but also on the evolving character of science. Sir Geoffrey Lloyd and Nathan Sivin investigate the differences between the thinkers in the two civilizations: what motivated them, how they understood the cosmos and the human body, how they were educated, how they made a living, and whom they argued with and why. The authors' new method integrally compares social, political, and intellectual patterns and connections, demonstrating how all affected and were affected by ideas about cosmology and the physical world. They relate conceptual differences in China and Greece to the diverse ways that intellectuals in the two civilizations earned their living, interacted with fellow inquirers, and were involved with structures of authority. By A.D. 200 the distinctive scientific strengths of both China and Greece showed equal potential for theory and practice. Lloyd and Sivin argue that modern science evolved not out of the Greek tradition alone but from the strengths of China, Greece, India, Islam, and other civilizations, which converged first in the Muslim world and then in Renaissance Europe.
In World Trade Systems of the East and West, Geoffrey C. Gunn profiles Nagasaki's historic role in mediating the Japanese bullion trade, especially silver exchanged against Chinese and Vietnamese silk. Founded in 1571 as the terminal port of the Portuguese Macau ships, Nagasaki served as Japan's window to the world over long time and with the East-West trade carried on by the Dutch and, with even more vigor, by the Chinese junk trade. While the final expulsion of the Portuguese in 1646 characteristically defines the “closed” period of early modern Japanese history, the real trade seclusion policy, this work argues, only came into place one century later when the Shogunate firmly grasped the true impact of the bullion trade upon the national economy.
Geoffrey Bownas, widely known over the last half century for his writings, translations, broadcasts and commentaries relating to Japan, and an eminent Japanese Studies scholar who pioneered teaching in this field at Oxford (1954) and Sheffield (1966), has at last completed a memoir. It is both a literary triumph and a compelling read – not least for the many who have known him – as well as a historical record of some significance tracking Japan’s post-war history from abject poverty to unimaginable prosperity as the world’s second largest economy, and the ‘lost’ post-bubble years. In particular, the author includes a detailed account of his association with Mishima Yukio while preparing the Penguin New Writing in Japan, his early years in Kyoto and his experience of living in Tenri City. He also offers a critical appraisal of the Japanese aesthetic, documents an extraordinary meeting with Honda Soichiro, and takes a nostalgic journey back to the writing of his many books on Japan, including the Penguin Book of Japanese Verse (with Anthony Thwaite), Japanese Rainmaking and Other Folk Practices, and Japan and the New Europe. Equally, his involvement and input at some of Japan’s key turning points over the last fifty years make fascinating reading, such as the 1964 Tokyo Olympics when he was the BBC’s interpreter, and more recently the New Kansai International Airport in the early 1990S as consultant to Watson Steel, a member of the AMEC Group.
Rapid advances in synthetic polymer science and nanotechnology have revealed new avenues of development in conductive electroactive polymers that take greater advantage of this versatile class of materials' unique properties. This third edition of Conductive Electroactive Polymers: Intelligent Polymer Systems continues to provide an in-depth unders
Materials have the potential to be the centrepiece for the transition to viable renewable energy technologies if they realise a specific suite of properties and achieve a desired set of performance metrics. The envisioned transition involves the discovery of materials that enable generation, conversion, storage, transmission, and utilization of renewable energy. This book presents, through the eye of materials chemistry, an umbrella view of the myriad of classes of materials that make renewable energy technologies work. They are poised to facilitate the transition of non-renewable and unsustainable energy systems of the past into renewable and sustainable energy systems of the future. It is a story that often begins in chemistry laboratories with the discovery of new energy materials. Yet, to displace materials in existing energy technologies with new ones, depends not only on the ability to design and engineer a superior set of performance metrics for the material and the technology but also the requirement to meet a demanding collection of economic, regulatory, social, policy, environmental and sustainability criteria. Disruption in the traditional way of discovering materials is coming with the emergence of artificial intelligence, machine learning and robotic automation designed to accelerate the well-established discovery process, massive libraries of materials can be evaluated and the possibilities are endless. This book provides a perspective on the application of these new technologies to this field as well as an overview of energy materials discovery in the broader techno-economic and social context. Any budding researcher or more experienced materials scientist will find a guide to a fascinating story of discovery and emerge with a vision of what is next.
In the first 20 years that followed the purinergic signalling hypothesis in 1972, most scientists were sceptical about its validity, largely because ATP was so well established as an intracellular molecule involved in cell biochemistry and it seemed unlikely that such a ubiquitous molecule would act as an extracellular signalling molecule. However, after the receptors for ATP and adenosine were cloned and characterized in the early 1990s and ATP was established as a synaptic transmitter in the brain and sympathetic ganglia, the tide turned. More recently it has become clear that ATP is involved in long-term (trophic) signalling in cell proliferation, differentiation and death, in development and regeneration, as well as in short-term signalling in neurotransmission and secretion. Also, important papers have been published showing the molecular structure of P2X receptors in primitive animals like Amoeba and Schistosoma, as well as green algae. This has led to the recognition of the widespread nature of the purinergic signalling system in most cell types and to a rapid expansion of the field, including studies of the pathophysiology as well as physiology and exploration of the therapeutic potential of purinergic agents. In two books, Geoffrey Burnstock and Alexej Verkhratsky have aimed at drawing together the massive and diverse body of literature on purinergic signalling. The topic of this first book is purinergic signalling in the peripheral and central nervous systems and in the individual senses. In a second book the authors focus on purinergic signalling in non-excitable cells, including those of the airways, kidney, pancreas, endocrine glands and blood vessels. Diseases related to these systems are also considered.
A multi-discipline, hands-on guide to microarray analysis of biological processes Analyzing Microarray Gene Expression Data provides a comprehensive review of available methodologies for the analysis of data derived from the latest DNA microarray technologies. Designed for biostatisticians entering the field of microarray analysis as well as biologists seeking to more effectively analyze their own experimental data, the text features a unique interdisciplinary approach and a combined academic and practical perspective that offers readers the most complete and applied coverage of the subject matter to date. Following a basic overview of the biological and technical principles behind microarray experimentation, the text provides a look at some of the most effective tools and procedures for achieving optimum reliability and reproducibility of research results, including: An in-depth account of the detection of genes that are differentially expressed across a number of classes of tissues Extensive coverage of both cluster analysis and discriminant analysis of microarray data and the growing applications of both methodologies A model-based approach to cluster analysis, with emphasis on the use of the EMMIX-GENE procedure for the clustering of tissue samples The latest data cleaning and normalization procedures The uses of microarray expression data for providing important prognostic information on the outcome of disease
Gold has traditionally been regarded as inactive as a catalytic metal. However, the advent of nanoparticulate gold on high surface area oxide supports has demonstrated its high catalytic activity in many chemical reactions. Gold is active as a heterogeneous catalyst in both gas and liquid phases, and complexes catalyse reactions homogeneously in solution. Many of the reactions being studied will lead to new application areas for catalysis by gold in pollution control, chemical processing, sensors and fuel cell technology. This book describes the properties of gold, the methods for preparing gold catalysts and ways to characterise and use them effectively in reactions. The reaction mechanisms and reasons for the high activities are discussed and the applications for gold catalysis considered./a
The new third edition of Pediatric Stroke and Cerebrovascular Disorders provides a modern clinical approach to managing stroke and other cerebrovascular problems in infants, children, and adolescents. Incorporating data from important clinical trials and case series, recommendations from the American Heart Association evidence-based paper on the management of pediatric stroke, and the latest information on new diagnostic techniques, the book offers a comprehensive analysis of the current thinking and practice by three physicians who have vast clinical experience in this challenging field. The third edition of this classic work has been completely updated and rewritten to reflect current science and practice. Covering occurrence, etiology, diagnosis, and treatment, this integrated state-of-the-art text is essential reading for anyone involved in the care of children with suspected stroke or other cerebrovascular abnormalities. The third edition of this classic work has been completely updated and rewritten to reflect current science and practice. An extensive, entirely new chapter on treatment provides specific guidance on when to use antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants, and thrombolytic agents in children and also includes a section on neurorehabilitation after stroke. An expanded and thoroughly updated diagnostic approach chapter covers the latest applications in stroke imaging such as computed tomography angiography, diffusion weighted MRI, and perfusion CT. The first chapter stresses the etiology and pathophysiology of childhood stroke as the basis for evaluations and treatment. Features of Pediatric Stroke and Cerebrovascular Disorders, Third Edition Include: Comprehensive in scope: detailed analysis of the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of cerebrovascular disorders in children with many evidence-based management guidelines The third edition has been updated to include recommendations from the AHA consensus guidelines All chapters in the third edition have been revised and updated An extensive, entirely new chapter on treatment provides specific guidance on when to use antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants, and thrombolytic agents in children Stresses the etiology and pathophysiology of childhood stroke as the basis for evaluation and treatment Maintains the practical, clinical flavor established in previous editions, with numerous illustrations and useful suggestions for patient care Written by internationally known stroke experts: Dr. Roach chaired the AHA panel that produced the consensus guidelines on childhood stroke and Drs. Lo and Heyer have published extensively on stroke and related topics
Rev. ed. of: Pediatric cerebrovascular disorders / E.S. Roach, Anthony R. Riela; with a foreword by Roger N. Rosenberg; chapters by Susan T. Iannaccone and Jeffrey Perlman. 1995. 2nd ed.
The Families of Malesian Moths and Butterflies provides a compendium of detailed information on the rich diversity of moths and butterflies of Malesia. It includes not only a key to the families (and some subfamilies) and field hints for the identification of larval stages, but also deals with their biology, biogeography, phylogeny and classification, and provides guidance for their collection and study. Familie that are reported or suspected to occur in Malesia are described in some depth, with a reference section intended to include as comprehensive a list as possible of the key works to the fauna.
Second edition of the guide to the modern techniques that demonstrate the potential of Raman spectroscopy Completely revised and updated, the second edition of Modern Raman Spectroscopy presents the information needed for clear understanding and application of the technique of Raman Spectroscopy in a range of areas such as pharmaceuticals, forensics, and biology. The authors—noted experts on the topic—reveal how to make full use of the critical information presented and include a wealth of examples of the pitfalls that can be encountered. The text opens with a description of the basic theory to assist readers in making a practical interpretation of Raman Spectra. Chapters include the main equations that are used in order to highlight the theory’s meaning and relevance while avoiding a full mathematical treatment. Modern Raman Spectroscopy provides a firm grounding, combined with a variety of references, from which to approach a more comprehensive study of specific aspects of Raman Spectroscopy. This new edition: Includes instrumentation sections that now contain Spatially Offset Raman scattering and transmission Raman scattering Offers an updated SERS chapter that presents recent examples and Tip enhanced Raman scattering Contains updated information with an emphasis on pharmaceutical, forensic, and biological applications Introduces modern techniques in the imaging and mapping of biological samples and more advanced methods which are becoming easier to use Written for users of Raman Spectroscopy in industry, including non-analysts, researchers, and academics, the second edition of Modern Raman Spectroscopy clearly demonstrates the potential of using Raman Spectroscopy for a wide range of applications.
The book explores emerging themes, concepts, and issues in ethnic tourism, through examination of theoretical underpinnings and empirical research in various ethnic destinations worldwide. It encapsulates cultural, environmental, and economic dimensions of ethnic tourism, which is a force of change in many ethnic communities and suggests means through which local benefits can be enhanced and costs reduced. This book presents a range of case studies from diverse well-known ethnic destinations which reveal the various outcomes and changes engendered by ethnic tourism, such as the commodification of ethnic culture, the exploitation of minority peoples by outsiders, and the impact of wider forces of modernization and national integration policies. It summarizes what has been done so far and suggests initiatives to increase the contribution of tourism to the economic development and quality of life of ethnic communities. It brings together a diversity of perspectives that are not currently readily available in one location. The book will appeal to students, and scholars interested in social sciences, tourism studies, geography, anthropology, sociology and economics, as well as in applied disciplines such as planning. It addresses academic and professional audiences that are interested in tourism and its consequences, as well as those who are interested in ethnic, including indigenous peoples, and their circumstances.
Nitric oxide has a tantalizing role in health and disease: while many of its wide-ranging effects are well known, there remains much more to explore and to learn about the interactions of this fascinating molecule in physiological and pathophysiological processes. The volume reviews the myriad effects of nitric oxide as a chemical messenger in the central nervous system, peripheral nervous system, immune system and cardiovascular system. Furthermore, it provides a very practical introduction to the procedures and experimental protocols necessary to work with and study nitric oxide and its synthesizing enzyme, nitric oxide synthase, in the laboratory. In this respect the volume is unique, providing as it does a complete single-volume review of the role of nitric oxide in health and disease, and a very practical introduction to the methods and protocols involved in this intriguing and active area of biomedical research.
With its sweeping coverage of core knowledge across all orthopaedic specialties, AAOS Comprehensive Orthopaedic Review 4 helps you prepare for exams, retain information, and master the knowledge you need for success in clinical practice. Edited by Geoffrey S. Marecek, MD, FAAOS and a team of board-certified section editors, this 3-volume study set effectively prepares you for the Orthopaedic In-Training Examination® (OITE®), the American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery (ABOS) Board Certification exam, and other tests, all in a convenient, user-friendly format. Organized by specialty, each of the 151 chapters in volumes 1 and 2 is packed with color images, illustrations, tables, and charts to support the material and help you retain the information. Volume 3 contains more than 450 multiple-choice companion study questions, including the preferred response with additional discussion and explanation of the topics.
This novel text provides a concise synthesis of how the interactions between mitochondrial and nuclear genes have played a major role in shaping the ecology and evolution of eukaryotes. The foundation for this new focus on mitonuclear interactions originated from research in biochemistry and cell biology laboratories, although the broader ecological and evolutionary implications have yet to be fully explored. The imperative for mitonuclear coadaptation is proposed to be a major selective force in the evolution of sexual reproduction and two mating types in eukaryotes, in the formation of species, in the evolution of ornaments and sexual selection, in the process of adaptation, and in the evolution of senescence. The book highlights the importance of mitonuclear coadaptation to the evolution of complex life and champions mitonuclear ecology as an important subdiscipline in ecology and evolution.
This second edition, now in full-color, provides a unified and comprehensive treatment of the atmosphere and ocean, for advanced students and researchers.
Though we all think we know what good writing is when we see it, it's difficult to define it precisely; and without a satisfactory definition, it becomes problematical to assess as well as to teach. In What Is Good Writing?, Geoffrey J. Huck advances the contemporary debate on writing achievement by drawing on empirical research in linguistics and the other cognitive sciences that shed light on the development of fluency in language. The utility of defining "good writing" as "fluent writing" or writing that is on par with the typical fluency in speech attained by normal adults, is demonstrated by the progress it permits in evaluating the success of current writing programs in school and university--programs which, for the most part, have proved unable to deliver writing assessments that are both valid and reliable. Huck advances an alternative approach that rests on more scientific footing. He explains why reading is key to good writing and why standard composition programs often do not live up to their aspirations.
A fascinating and informative look at state-of-the-art nanotechnology research, worldwide, and its vast commercial potential Nanotechnology Commercialization: Manufacturing Processes and Products presents a detailed look at the state of the art in nanotechnology and explores key issues that must still be addressed in order to successfully commercialize that vital technology. Written by a team of distinguished experts in the field, it covers a range of applications notably: military, space, and commercial transport applications, as well as applications for missiles, aircraft, aerospace, and commercial transport systems. The drive to advance the frontiers of nanotechnology has become a major global initiative with profound economic, military, and environmental implications. Nanotechnology has tremendous commercial and economic implications with a projected $ 1.2 trillion-dollar global market. This book describes current research in the field and details its commercial potential—from work bench to market. Examines the state of the art in nanotechnology and explores key issues surrounding its commercialization Takes a real-world approach, with chapters written from a practical viewpoint, detailing the latest research and considering its potential commercial and defense applications Presents the current research and proposed applications of nanotechnology in such a way as to stimulate further research and development of new applications Written by an all-star team of experts, including pioneer patent-holders and award-winning researchers in nanotechnology The major challenge currently faced by researchers in nanotechnology is successfully transitioning laboratory research into viable commercial products for the 21st century. Written for professionals across an array of research and engineering disciplines, Nanotechnology Commercialization: Manufacturing Processes and Products does much to help them bridge the gap between lab and marketplace.
Recent determination of genome sequences for a wide range of bacteria has made in-depth knowledge of prokaryotic metabolic function essential in order to give biochemical, physiological, and ecological meaning to the genomic information. Clearly describing the important metabolic processes that occur in prokaryotes under different conditions and in different environments, this advanced text provides an overview of the key cellular processes that determine bacterial roles in the environment, biotechnology, and human health. Prokaryotic structure is described as well as the means by which nutrients are transported into cells across membranes. Glucose metabolism through glycolysis and the TCA cycle are discussed, as well as other trophic variations found in prokaryotes, including the use of organic compounds, anaerobic fermentation, anaerobic respiratory processes, and photosynthesis. The regulation of metabolism through control of gene expression and control of the activity of enzymes is also covered, as well as survival mechanisms used under starvation conditions.
Research Methods in Social Relations, 8th Edition, features a series of updates and revisions in its comprehensive introduction to current research methods in the social and behavioural sciences. Offers comprehensive coverage of a wide variety of traditional and topical research methods Addresses many newer research approaches such as propensity score matching, mixed methods designs, and confirmatory factor analysis Written to be accessible to a range of social and behavioural science disciplines, including public health, political science, sociology, and psychology Includes new chapters that engage readers in critical thinking about the processes involved in building sustainable partnerships in field and community settings The Companion website includes an array of resources for Instructors, including Test Banks, Power Point lecture slides, discussion questions and exercises This new edition is the much-anticipated follow-up to 2001’s seventh edition by Hoyle, Harris and Judd
The Third Edition of Radiation Therapy Physics addresses in concise fashion the fundamental diagnostic radiologic physics principles as well as their clinical implications. Along with coverage of the concepts and applications for the radiation treatment of cancer patients, the authors have included reviews of the most up-to-date instrumentation and critical historical links. The text includes coverage of imaging in therapy planning and surveillance, calibration protocols, and precision radiation therapy, as well as discussion of relevant regulation and compliance activities. It contains an updated and expanded section on computer applications in radiation therapy and electron beam therapy, and features enhanced user-friendliness and visual appeal with a new, easy-to-follow format, including sidebars and a larger trim size. With its user-friendly presentation and broad, comprehensive coverage of radiotherapy physics, this Third Edition doubles as a medical text and handy professional reference.
Although plastics are extremely successful commercially, they would never reach acceptable performance standards either in properties or processing without the incorporation of additives. With the inclusion of additives, plastics can be used in a variety of areas competing directly with other materials, but there are still many challenges to overcome. Some additives are severely restricted by legislation, others interfere with each other-in short their effectiveness varies with circumstances. Plastics Additives explains these issues in an alphabetical format making them easily accessible to readers, enabling them to find specific information on a specific topic. Each additive is the subject of one or more articles, providing a suffinct account of each given topic. An international group of experts in additive and polymer science, from many world class companies and institutes, explain the recent rapid changes in additive technology. They cover novel additives (scorch inhibitors, compatibilizers, surface-modified particulates etc.), the established varieties (antioxidants, biocides, antistatic agents, nucleating agents, fillers, fibres, impact modifiers, plasticizers) and many others, the articles also consider environmental concerns, interactions between additives and legislative change. With a quick reference guide and introductory articles that provide the non-specialist and newcomer with relevant information, this reference book is essential reading for anyone concerned with plastics and additives.
Following the tradition of its predecessor, the fifth edition of Nutrition: Maintaining and Improving Health continues to offer a wide-ranging coverage of all aspects of nutrition while providing new information to this edition including: Increased coverage of experimental and observational methods used in nutrition In-depth focus on the nutritional implications of the increased adoption of vegetarian and vegan lifestyles Streamlined referencing - a short selected list of key references at the end of each chapter with URL links to free additional resources where possible Discussion of nutrition debates Critical coverage of "medicinal uses of food" including superfoods, functional foods and dietary supplements Updated bullet point summaries of key points after each major topic within each chapter The author provides an evidence-based evaluation of many key nutrition beliefs and philosophies. The book contains in-depth and critical reviews of the methods used to evaluate nutritional intakes/status and the observational and experimental used to investigate putative links between dietary factors and health outcome. It covers the role of food as a source of energy and nutrients while discussing the non-nutritional roles of food and the social and psychological factors that influence food choice. Presenting a critical discussion on the value of nutrition research linking specific foods or nutrients to specific diseases which encourages students to question the value of some current nutrition research. This is essential reading for all nutrition and dietetics students with different backgrounds who are studying nutrition as a specific discipline for the first time.
Alkaloids are a large group of structurally complex natural products displaying a wide range of biological activities. The purpose of Alkaloids: A Treasury of Poisons and Medicines is to classify, for the first time, the alkaloids isolated from the natural sources until now. The book classifies all of the alkaloids by their biosynthetic origins. Of interest to the organic chemistry and medicinal chemistry communities involved in drug discovery and development, this book describes many alkaloids isolated from the medicinal plants, including those used in Japanese Kampo medicine. - Classifies and lists alkaloids from natural sources - Occurrence and biosynthetic pathways of alkaloids - Indicates key uses and bioactivity of alkaloids
Cytochrome c fulfills a central role in biological electron transport. This book draws together information from diverse disciplines in order to provide a common base for further research. The comprehensive treatment of this subject does not neglect to show the diversity of biological respirations and photosyntheses. But it also defines their unifying principles. This overview presents the evolutionary relatedness in bioenergetic systems. Such systems are discussed at the experimental level with emphasis on the interpretation of results and the methodological approaches used. No other text provides a broad survey of this central area of biology. Researchers on cytochrome c are presented with information on the impact and importance of other disciplines on their area of investigation. Advanced students gain a balanced account of biological electron transport and will be encouraged to seek new directions of research.
Astride the historical maritime silk routes linking India to China, premodern East and Southeast Asia can be viewed as a global region in the making over a long period. Intense Asian commerce in spices, silks, and ceramics placed the region in the forefront of global economic history prior to the age of imperialism. Alongside the correlated silver trade among Japanese, Europeans, Muslims, and others, China's age-old tributary trade networks provided the essential stability and continuity enabling a brilliant age of commerce. Though national perspectives stubbornly dominate the writing of Asian history, even powerful state-centric narratives have to be re-examined with respect to shifting identities and contested boundaries. This book situates itself in a new genre of writing on borderland zones between nations, especially prior to the emergence of the modern nation-state. It highlights the role of civilization that developed along with global trade in rare and everyday Asian commodities, raising a range of questions regarding unequal development, intraregional knowledge advances, the origins of globalization, and the emergence of new Asian hybridities beyond and within the conventional boundaries of the nation-state. Chapters range over the intra-Asian trade in silver and ceramics, the Chinese junk trade, the rise of European trading companies as well as diasporic communities including the historic Japan-towns of Southeast Asia, and many types of technology exchanges. While some readers will be drawn to thematic elements, this book can be read as the narrative history of the making of a coherent East-Southeast Asian world long before the modem period.
Written by world-renowned experts in both CT angiography and MR angiography, this landmark work is the first comprehensive text on vascular imaging using CT and MR. It provides a balanced view of the capabilities of these modalities and practical guidelines for obtaining and interpreting images. More than 2,200 illustrations complement the text. Chapters co-authored by CT and MR authorities cover imaging of all coronary and non-coronary arteries and veins. Each chapter details indications, imaging strategies, normal and variant anatomy, diseases, surgical management, and pitfalls. The authors compare the utility of CT and MR in specific clinical situations and discuss the role of conventional angiography and ultrasound where appropriate.
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