Geoffrey A. Donnan's Books

Animal Models for the Study of Human Disease

Chapter 23. Animal Models of Stroke Versus Clinical Stroke: Comparison of Infarct Size, Cause, Location, Study Design, and Efficacy of Experimental Therapies

By: Victoria E. O’Collins,Geoffrey A. Donnan,Malcolm R. Macleod,David W. Howells

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Animal Models for the Study of Human Disease

Chapter 23. Animal Models of Stroke Versus Clinical Stroke: Comparison of Infarct Size, Cause, Location, Study Design, and Efficacy of Experimental Therapies

By: Victoria E. O’Collins,Geoffrey A. Donnan,Malcolm R. Macleod,David W. Howells

A quantitative and qualitative comparison of contemporary neuroprotection and thrombolytic stroke trials and their preclinical animal counterparts has been undertaken, with meta-analysis (DerSimonian and Laird, 1986) used to evaluate imaging and histological outcomes. Results from 35 clinical trials including 5,532 patients were compared with data from 3,145 pre-clinical acute-stroke experiments in 45,476 animals. While clinical trials tended to be of higher methodological quality and have larger sample sizes than animal experiments (71 patients vs. 7 animals per group), both were similarly underpowered owing to the greater variability in human stroke (average standard deviation of mean in humans 99% v 30% in animals). Proportionally, animal infarcts were almost four times larger than human infarcts in untreated control groups (27% v 8% of the hemisphere) although there was considerable variability in size owing to comorbidities and stroke type. Eighty-six percent of animal studies and 54% of clinical trials reported smaller infarcts in groups receiving treatment, with 41% of clinical trials reporting an improvement in the pre-specified hypothesis. Animal experiments were not effective in predicting individual trial results, nor the level of neuroprotection, however, there was a fair agreement between the direction of the animal and clinical outcomes when looking at the overall direction of drug outcome. As a drug screening tool, experimental stroke studies need refinement. Rational frameworks for translational research will help.

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Elsevier Inc. Chapters

Published Date

ISBN 10

012807213X

ISBN 13

9780128072134

After a Stroke

A Support Book for Patients, Caregivers, Families and Friends

By: Geoffrey Donnan, M.D.,Carol Burton

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After a Stroke

A Support Book for Patients, Caregivers, Families and Friends

By: Geoffrey Donnan, M.D.,Carol Burton

A stroke is a devasting occurence in the life of a family. After damage is assessed, the patient, family emembers, caregivers, doctors and friends collaborate on rehabilitation. It is important to understand what kind of stroke the patient suffered and what kinds of physical, neural and nutritional therapies can help to restore normal functioning. This entry in North Atlantic's Family Health Series is a guide to the causes and consequences of a stroke. It outlines a systematic plan to help restore normal living developed by healthcare professionals active in Australia stroke support groups. They are joinded by a Feldenkrais practitioner and a naturopathic physician who describe bodywork and nutritional approaches to complement conventional medicine. After a Stroke will help you understand limitations, effects and recovery prognosis of different kinds of strokes; locate movement therapies and body work to stimulate and re-educate the brain and neural-limb coordination; organize a "health team" blending the best of current orthodox medicine with the bext of traditional, natural therapies; and chart daily patient progress with worksheets, charts and tables.

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166

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North Atlantic Books

Published Date

ISBN 10

1556431309

ISBN 13

9781556431302

Chemistry Was Their Life

Pioneering British Women Chemists, 1880-1949

By: Marelene F. Rayner-Canham,Geoffrey Rayner-Canham

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Chemistry Was Their Life

Pioneering British Women Chemists, 1880-1949

By: Marelene F. Rayner-Canham,Geoffrey Rayner-Canham

British chemistry has traditionally been depicted as a solely male endeavour. However, this perspective is untrue: the allure of chemistry has attracted women since the earliest times. Despite the barriers placed in their path, women studied academic chemistry from the 1880s onwards and made interesting or significant contributions to their fields, yet they are virtually absent from historical records.Comprising a unique set of biographies of 141 of the 896 known women chemists from 1880 to 1949, this work attempts to address the imbalance by showcasing the determination of these women to survive and flourish in an environment dominated by men. Individual biographical accounts interspersed with contemporary quotes describe how women overcame the barriers of secondary and tertiary education, and of admission to professional societies. Although these women are lost to historical records, they are brought together here for the first time to show that a vibrant culture of female chemists did indeed exist in Britain during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

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561

Publisher

Imperial College Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

1860949878

ISBN 13

9781860949876

Book's by Geoffrey A. Donnan

Animal Models for the Study of Human Disease

Animal Models for the Study of Human Disease

After a Stroke

After a Stroke

Chemistry Was Their Life

Chemistry Was Their Life

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