Decaying farmsteads with sagging unpainted houses, lone barns, and isolated windmills are common sights along roadways throughout America and particularly in the Midwest. Many small towns are in similar decline with empty stores, vacant houses, closed churches and schools. Some that were thriving in the1950s are nearly gone. Going After The Cows is a memoir that describes the life of a farm boy living in one of those communities in northwestern Missouri in the 1940s and 50s. During that time he witnessed the transition from horsepower to tractor power and changes to the agricultural economy which caused people to leave rural areas and small towns. The author describes and reflects on experiences, institutions, and some of the people and special places that influenced his childhood. The narrative is divided into four interwoven parts. The first deals with daily events on the farm, including the havoc caused by a tornado and his experiences in rural schools and a country church. A second describes four neighbors who provided special memories: an alcoholic hired man; the authors nearest neighbor and hunting buddy; a wealthy neighbor who could not drive, but owned the latest model automobile; and a well-educated eccentric bachelor who could quote the classics. Several chapters are devoted to special places, including the marsh and creek, and to activities such as duck hunting and fishing that enriched daily life and led to his appreciation of nature. In the final chapter he reflects on changes which have occurred in rural life during the past sixty years, pleads for better resource management, and speculates on the future of this and similar communities.
With the exception of oceans, boundaries are artificial, man-made divisions of geography that many times make little sense and sometimes no sense at all. For example, why does the northern boundary of Minnesota protrude into Canada? Why does West Virginia have two panhandles? Why do Pennsylvania and Delaware have a common boundary that is a circle segment? Why do the boundaries of Colorado, Wyoming and Utah consist entirely of lines of latitude and longitude? The answers to these questions and many more can be found in this book, which explains why and how state boundaries are placed where they are. It begins with an introduction that provides general information about boundary placement, colonial boundaries, formation of territories, surveying and Supreme Court rulings. The 50 states are divided into ten regions (New England, Mid-Atlantic, Upper South, Lower South, Great Lakes, North Central, South Central, Rocky Mountain, West, and Noncontiguous). The text for each state begins with an overview of that state's boundaries that becomes more specific as its different boundaries are considered. The appendices include interesting facts about each state, citizen and state nicknames, and dates territories were created and states entered the Union. Richly illustrated with 138 maps.
Two hundred and fifty years ago, victory in the American Revolution empowered its founding fathers to consider a glorious ‘revolutionary idea’: a democracy of inclusiveness and diversity for all. Yet, America’s revolution never meant to include the enslaved, who lived in small, dark squares of windowless slave houses. At Philadelphia, Pennsylvania’s Constitutional Convention of 1787, compromises perpetuated America’s ‘slave society’ based on free labour, benefiting its citizenry to the detriment of America’s slave row. For the next seventy-eight years, ‘America’s democracy’ permitted this vile system of slavery to continue. However, slave revolutions, revolutionary voices, and prayers persisted. As the smoke cleared from the battlefields of the American Civil War, Juneteenth (June 19, 1865) granted America a full Independence Day. The question remains to this very day whether the formerly enslaved and their descendants will ever fully receive the rights, reparations, and benefits of full citizenship in our American democracy. Revolutionary voices must continue to set an example for the entire world of the revolutionary idea that is democracy. The next 250 years will answer this question as America approaches its 500th anniversary.
Tens of thousands of readers have relied on this leading text and practitioner reference--now revised and updated--to understand the issues the legal system most commonly asks mental health professionals to address. Highly readable, the volume demystifies the forensic psychological assessment process and provides guidelines for participating effectively and ethically in legal proceedings. Presented are clinical and legal concepts and evidence-based assessment procedures pertaining to criminal and civil competencies, the insanity defense and related doctrines, sentencing, civil commitment, personal injury claims, antidiscrimination laws, child custody, juvenile justice, and other justice-related areas. Case examples, exercises, and a glossary facilitate learning; 19 sample reports illustrate how to conduct and write up thorough, legally admissible evaluations. New to This Edition *Extensively revised to reflect important legal, empirical, and clinical developments. *Increased attention to medical and neuroscientific research. *New protocols relevant to competence, risk assessment, child custody, and mental injury evaluations. *Updates on insanity, sentencing, civil commitment, the Americans with Disabilities Act, Social Security, juvenile and family law, and the admissibility of expert testimony. *Material on immigration law (including a sample report) and international law. *New and revised sample reports.
The Southern Claims Commission was the agency established to process more than 20,000 claims by pro-Union Southerners for reimbursement of their losses during the Civil War. The present work is a "master index" to the case files of the Commission. The index gives, in tabular form, the name of the claimant, his county and state, the Commission number, office number and report number, and the year and the status of the claim.
Why does the American political system work the way it does? Find the answers in The Logic of American Politics. This best-selling text arms you with a toolkit of institutional design concepts—command, veto, agenda control, voting rules, and delegation—that help you recognize how the American political system was designed and why it works the way it does. The authors build your critical thinking through a simple yet powerful idea: politics is about solving collective action problems. Thoroughly updated to account for the most recent events and data, the Ninth Edition explores the increase in political polarization, the growing emotional involvement people have to politics, Americans’ reactions to changing demographics, the partisan politics of judicial selection, and the changing nature of presidential leadership. Revised to include the 2018 election results and analysis, this edition provides you with the tools you need to make sense of today’s government.
Get all you need to know with Super Reviews! Each Super Review is packed with in-depth, student-friendly topic reviews that fully explain everything about the subject. The United States History Super Review covers America's history from the early colonization efforts of the Europeans to the American Revolution to the Civil War and Reconstruction, all the way up to the 21st century. Take the Super Review quizzes to see how much you've learned - and where you need more study. Makes an excellent study aid and textbook companion. Great for self-study! DETAILS - From cover to cover, each in-depth topic review is easy to follow and easy to grasp -- perfect when preparing for homework, quizzes, and exams! - Review questions after each topic that highlight and reinforce key areas and concepts - Student-friendly language for easy reading and comprehension - Includes quizzes that test your understanding of the subject.
The Closing Door is the first major critique of the effect of conservative policies on urban race and poverty in the 1980s. Atlanta, with its booming economy, strong elected black leadership, and many highly educated blacks, seemed to be the perfect site for those policies and market solutions to prove themselves. Unfortunately, not only did expected economic opportunity fail to materialize but many of the hard-won gains of the civil rights movement were lost. Orfield and Ashkinaze painstakingly analyze the evidence from Atlanta to show why black opportunity deteriorated over the 1980s and outline possible remedies for the damage inflicted by the Reagan and Bush administrations. "The Closing Door is a crucial breath of fresh air . . . an important and timely text which will help to alter the 'underclass' debate in favor of reconsidering race-specific policies. Orfield and Ashkinaze construct a convincing argument with which those who favor 'race-neutrality' will have to contend. In readable prose they make a compelling case that economic growth is not enough."—Preston H. Smith II, Transition
Napoleon today is still a figure who fascinates both his admirers and detractors because of his seminal role in European history at the end of the eighteenth and beginning of the nineteenth centuries, straddling the French Revolution and the enormous empire that he fashioned through military conquest. Napoleon in the Russian Imaginary focuses on the response of Russia's greatest writers—poets, novelists, critics, and historians—to the idea of "Great Man" as an agent of transformational change as it manifests itself in the person and career of Napoleon. After Napoleon's defeat at Waterloo in 1815 and his subsequent exile to St. Helena, in much of Europe a re-evaluation of Napoleon's person, stature, and historical significance occurred, as thinkers and writers witnessed the gradual reestablishment of repressive regimes throughout Europe. This re-evaluation in Russia would have to wait until Napoleon's death in 1821, but when it came to pass, it continued to occupy the imagination of Russia's greatest writers for over 130 years. Although Napoleon's invasion of Russia and subsequent defeat had a profound effect on Russian culture and Russian history, for Russian writers what was most important was the universal significance of Napoleon’s desire for world conquest and the idea of unbridled ambition which he embodied. Russian writers saw this, for good or ill, as potentially determining the spiritual and moral fate of future generations. What is particularly fascinating is their attempt to confront each other about this idea in a creative dialogue, with each succeeding writer addressing himself and responding to his predecessor and predecessors.
This volume traces the modern critical and performance history of this play, one of Shakespeare's most-loved and most-performed comedies. The essay focus on such modern concerns as feminism, deconstruction, textual theory, and queer theory.
This is a print on demand edition of a hard to find publication. Report of a project to code and verify a previously unavailable data set composed of 67,165 terrorist events recorded for the entire world from 1970 to 1997. This unique database was originally collected by the PGIS Corp. Global Intell. Service (PGIS). This database documents every known terrorist event across countries and time including different types of terrorist events by specific date and geographical region. It is the most comprehensive open source data set on terrorism that has ever been available to researchers. PGIS employees identified and coded terrorism incidents from a variety of sources, including wire services, U.S. State Dept. reports, other U.S. and foreign gov¿t. reports, U.S. and foreign newspapers, etc.
A NEWER EDITION OF THIS TITLE IS AVAILABLE. SEE ISBN: 978-0-7386-0625-5 Get the AP college credits you''ve worked so hard for... Our savvy test experts show you the way to master the test and score higher. This new and fully expanded edition includes a comprehensive review course of all the topics covered on the exam: the Colonial Period, the American Revolution, the U.S. Constitution, Westward expansion, the Civil War, Reconstruction, Industrialism, World War I, the Great Depression, World War II, the Vietnam Era, Watergate, Carter, and the New Conservatism. Features 6 full-length practice exams with all answers thoroughly explained. Follow up your study with REA''s test-taking strategies, powerhouse drills and study schedule that get you ready for test day. DETAILS - Comprehensive, up-to-date subject review of every US history topic used in the AP exam - Study schedule tailored to your needs - Packed with proven key exam tips, insights and advice - 6 full-length practice exams. All exam answers are fully detailed with easy-to-follow, easy-to-grasp explanations. TABLE OF CONTENTS ABOUT RESEARCH & EDUCATION ASSOCIATION ABOUT THE BOOK ABOUT THE TEST ABOUT THE REVIEW SECTION SCORING THE EXAM CONTACTING THE AP PROGRAM AP U.S. HISTORY STUDY SCHEDULE AP UNITED STATES HISTORY COURSE REVIEW 1 The Colonial Period (1500-1763) 2 The American Revolution (1763-1787) 3 The United States Constitution (1787-1789) 4 The New Nation (1789-1824) 5 Jacksonian Democracy and Westward Expansion (1824-1850) 6 Sectional Conflict and the Causes of the Civil War (1850-1860) 7 The Civil War and Reconstruction (1860-1877) 8 Industrialism, War, and the Progressive Era (1877-1912) 9 Wilson and World War I (1912-1920) 10 The Roaring Twenties and Economic Collapse (1920-1929) 11 The Great Depression and the New Deal (1929-1941) 12 World War II and the Post-War Era (1941-1960) 13 The New Frontier, Vietnam, and Social Upheaval (1960-1972) 14 Watergate, Carter, and the New Conservatism (1972-2001) AP UNITED STATES HISTORY PRACTICE TESTS Test 1 Answer Sheet Answer Key Detailed Explanations of Answers Test 2 Answer Sheet Answer Key Detailed Explanations of Answers Test 3 Answer Sheet Answer Key Detailed Explanations of Answers Test 4 Answer Sheet Answer Key Detailed Explanations of Answers Test 5 Answer Sheet Answer Key Detailed Explanations of Answers Test 6 Answer Sheet Answer Key Detailed Explanations of Answers AP US HISTORY EXCERPT ABOUT THE BOOK This book gives you all the tools you''ll need to master the Advanced Placement Examination in United States History. REA''s concise review is the perfect companion to your textbook readings and classroom discussion. And our six full-length practice tests, all based on the current format of the AP exam, mirror the actual test-taking experience. We don''t stop there, however. Following each exam you''ll find an answer key complete with detailed explanations that tell you not just what''s correct but why. By studying our review section, completing all six practice exams, and carefully checking the answer explanations, you''ll be able to completely inventory your strengths and weaknesses. Follow our study schedule (see page x) and when test day rolls around, you''ll have everything you need to be completely at ease with the material. Teachers, too, will find this book an excellent resource for the Advanced Placement course in U.S. History. In fact, many AP instructors use it as a supplementary text because it so comprehensively supports and addresses specific curriculum objectives for the course and exam. ABOUT THE TEST The Advanced Placement Program is designed to allow high school students to pursue college-level studies while attending high school. The three-hour five-minute AP U.S. History exam is usually given to high school students who have completed a year''s study in a college-level U.S. History course. The test results are then used to determine the awarding of course credit and/or advanced course placement in college. According to the College Board, students taking this exam are called upon to demonstrate "systematic factual knowledge" and bring to bear critical, persuasive analysis of the full sweep of U.S. history. This is why we make every effort to establish and build upon context for you, rather than encouraging rote memorization of disconnected facts. The AP U.S. History Exam is divided into two sections: 1) Multiple-Choice: This section is composed of 80 multiple-choice questions designed to gauge your ability to understand and analyze U.S. history from the Colonial period to the present. The majority of the questions, however, are based on 19th- and 20th-century history. This section tests factual knowledge, scope of preparation, and knowledge-based analytical skills. You''ll have 55 minutes to complete this section, which accounts for 50 percent of your final grade. 2) Free-Response: This section is composed of three essay questions designed to measure your ability to write coherent, intelligent, well-organized essays on historical topics. The essays require you to demonstrate mastery of historical interpretation and the ability to express views and knowledge in writing. The essays may relate documents to different areas, analyze common themes of different time periods, or compare individual and group experiences which reflect socioeconomic, racial, gender, and ethnic differences. Part A consists of a mandatory 15-minute reading period, followed by 45 minutes during which you must answer a document-based question (DBQ), which changes from year to year. In Part B the student chooses to answer on two of the topics that are given. You will have 70 minutes to write these essays. The free-response section counts for 50 percent of your final grade. These topics are broken down into thirds: - Political Institutions (1/3rd) - Social and Economic Change (1/3rd) - Behavior and Public Policy, Diplomacy and International Relations, Intellectual and Cultural Development (1/3rd) The time periods covered are as follows: - Pre-Colonial through 1789 (1/6th of exam) - 1790-1914 (1/2 of exam) - 1915-present (1/3rd of exam) ABOUT THE REVIEW SECTION This book begins with REA''s concise yet thorough 230-page review of U.S. history designed to acquaint you with the exam''s scope of coverage. Our review covers these topics and historical time periods: - The Colonial Period (1500-1763) - The American Revolution (1763-1787) - The United States Constitution (1787-1789) - The New National (1789-1824) - Jacksonian Democracy and Westward Expansion (1824-1850) - Sectional Conflict and The Causes of the Civil War (1850-1860) - The Civil War and Reconstruction (1860-1877) - Industrialism, War, and the Progressive Era (1877-1912) - Wilson and World War I (1912-1920) - The Roaring Twenties and Economic Collapse (1920-1929) - The Great Depression and the New Deal (1929-1941) - World War II and the Post-War Era (1941-1960) - The New Frontier, Vietnam, and Social Upheaval (1960-1972) - Watergate, Carter, and the New Conservatism (1972-2001) SCORING THE EXAM The multiple-choice section of the exam is scored by crediting each correct answer with one point and deducting one-fourth of a point for each incorrect answer. You will neither receive a credit nor suffer a deduction for unanswered questions. The free-response essays are graded by instructors and professors from across the country who come together each June for a week of non-stop AP essay grading. Each essay booklet is read and scored by several graders. Each grader provides a score for the individual essays. The DBQ is scored on a scale from 0 to 15, 0 being the lowest and 15 the highest. Each topic-based essay receives a score from 0 to 9. These scores are concealed so that each grader is unaware of the previous graders'' assessments. When the essays have been graded completely, the scores are averaged-one score for each essay-so that the free-response section generates three scores. The total weight of the free-response section is 50 percent of the total score. Your work in the multiple-choice section counts for the other 50 percent. Each year, grades fluctuate slightly because the grading scale is adjusted to take into account the performance of the total AP U.S. History test-taker population. When used with the corresponding chart, the scoring method we present here will strongly approximate the score you would receive if you were sitting for the actual AP U.S. History exam. SCORING THE MULTIPLE-CHOICE SECTION For the multiple-choice section, use this formula to calculate your raw score: Number right - (number wrong x 1/4) = raw score (round to the nearest whole number) SCORING THE FREE-RESPONSE SECTION For the free-response section, use this formula to calculate your raw score: DBQ + Essay #1 + Essay #2 + = raw score (round to the nearest whole number) You may want to give your essays three different grades, such as a 13, 10, and an 8, and then calculate your score three ways: as if you di
A NEWER EDITION OF THIS TITLE IS AVAILABLE. SEE ISBN: 978-0-7386-0624-8 Get the AP college credits you've worked so hard for... Our savvy test experts show you the way to master the test and score higher. This new and fully expanded edition includes a comprehensive review course of all the topics covered on the exam: the Colonial Period, the American Revolution, the U.S. Constitution, Westward expansion, the Civil War, Reconstruction, Industrialism, World War I, the Great Depression, World War II, the Vietnam Era, Watergate, Carter, and the New Conservatism. Features 6 full-length practice exams with all answers thoroughly explained. Includes CD-ROM software containing 3 of the book's tests as timed, computerized exams that provide actual exam conditions with controlled timing and question order. Your score and test performance are automatically calculated plus the program provides analysis of your performance with suggestions for further study. Follow up your study with REA's test-taking strategies, powerhouse drills and study schedule that get you ready for test day. DETAILS- Comprehensive, up-to-date subject review of every US history topic used in the AP exam- 6 full-length practice exams. All exam answers are fully detailed with easy-to-follow, easy-to-grasp explanations.- CD-ROM TESTware program containing 3 of the book's 6 practice exams to give you the closest thing to experiencing an exam live at a computer testing center.- Study schedule tailored to your needs- Packed with proven key exam tips, insights and advice SYSTEM REQUIREMENTSTESTware CD-ROM is both Windows and Macintosh compatible. > Suitable for any PC with 16 MB of RAM minimum, Windows 98 or later. > Any Macintosh with a 68020 or higher processor, 16 MB of RAM minimum, System 7.1 through 10.2x. TABLE OF CONTENTSABOUT OUR BOOK AND TESTwareABOUT THE TESTABOUT THE REVIEW SECTIONSCORING THE EXAMCONTACTING THE AP PROGRAMAP U.S. HISTORY STUDY SCHEDULEAP UNITED STATES HISTORY COURSE REVIEW 1 The Colonial Period (1500-1763)2 The American Revolution (1763-1787)3 The United States Constitution (1787-1789)4 The New Nation (1789-1824)5 Jacksonian Democracy and Westward Expansion (1824-1850)6 Sectional Conflict and the Causes of the Civil War (1850-1860)7 The Civil War and Reconstruction (1860-1877)8 Industrialism, War, and the Progressive Era (1877-1912)9 Wilson and World War I (1912-1920)10 The Roaring Twenties and Economic Collapse (1920-1929)11 The Great Depression and the New Deal (1929-1941)12 World War II and the Post-War Era (1941-1960)13 The New Frontier, Vietnam, and Social Upheaval (1960-1972)14 Watergate, Carter, and the New Conservatism (1972-2001)AP UNITED STATES HISTORY PRACTICE TESTSTest 1 Answer SheetAnswer KeyDetailed Explanations of AnswersTest 2Answer SheetAnswer KeyDetailed Explanations of AnswersTest 3 Answer SheetAnswer KeyDetailed Explanations of AnswersTest 4 Answer SheetAnswer KeyDetailed Explanations of AnswersTest 5 Answer SheetAnswer KeyDetailed Explanations of AnswersTest 6 Answer SheetAnswer KeyDetailed Explanations of AnswersINSTALLING REA's TESTwareTechnical SupportUSING YOUR INTERACTIVE TESTwareAbout Research & Education Association AP US HISTORY EXCERPT ABOUT OUR BOOK AND TESTwareThis book - along with our exclusive AP U.S. History TESTware software - provides an accurate and complete representation of the Advanced Placement Examination in U.S. History. REA's comprehensive course review, frequently cited as the best on the bookshelf, and our six practice exams are based on the format of the latest AP U.S. History Exam. Each of our practice exams includes every type of question that you can expect to encounter when you take the AP exam. Following each REA practice exam is an answer key complete with detailed explanations. Our explanations are designed to contextualize he material so that it will stick with you and thus boost your command of the subject matter and the ins and outs of the AP itself. Our printed practice exams 4, 5, and 6 are also on CD-ROM are part of our interactive AP U.S. History TESTware. Taking the exams on the computer will afford you additional study features and the benefits of enforced timed conditions, individual diagnostic analysis of what subjects need extra study, and instant scoring. For your convenience, our TESTware has been provided for you in both Windows and Macintosh formats. Many features are included that you will find helpful as you prepare for the AP U.S. History Test. See page ix for our study schedule and guidance on how to gain maximum benefits from this book and software package. (For instructions on how to install and use our software, please refer to the appendix at the back of the book.) By studying our review section, completing all six practice exams, and carefully checking the answer explanations, students can discover their strengths and weaknesses and prepare themselves effectively for the actual AP U.S. History Examination. Teachers of AP U.S. History courses will also find REA's book and software to be an excellent resource in the classroom. In fact, many AP instructors use it as a supplementary text because it so comprehensively supports and addresses specific curriculum objectives for the course and exam. Our interactive TESTware software is an outstanding tool to help boost your students' test-taking confidence. For TESTware site-license information, point your Web browser to www.rea.com and click on Teachers' Corner. ABOUT THE TESTThe Advanced Placement Program is designed to allow high school students to pursue college-level studies while attending high school. The three-hour five-minute AP U.S. History exam is usually given to high school students who have completed a year's study in a college-level U.S. History course. The test results are then used to determine the awarding of course credit and/or advanced course placement in college. According to the College Board, students taking this exam are called upon to demonstrate systematic factual knowledge and bring to bear critical, persuasive analysis of the full sweep of U.S. history. This is why we make every effort to establish and build upon context for you, rather than encouraging rote memorization of disconnected facts. The AP U.S. History Exam is divided into two sections: 1) Multiple-Choice: This section is composed of 80 multiple-choice questions designed to gauge your ability to understand and analyze U.S. history from the Colonial period to the present. The majority of the questions, however, are based on 19th- and 20th-century history. This section tests factual knowledge, scope of preparation, and knowledge-based analytical skills. You'll have 55 minutes to complete this section, which accounts for 50 percent of your final grade. 2) Free-Response: This section is composed of three essay questions designed to measure your ability to write coherent, intelligent, well-organized essays on historical topics. The essays require you to demonstrate mastery of historical interpretation and the ability to express views and knowledge in writing. The essays may relate documents to different areas, analyze common themes of different time periods, or compare individual and group experiences which reflect socioeconomic, racial, gender, and ethnic differences. Part A consists of a mandatory 15-minute reading period, followed by 45 minutes during which you must answer a document-based question (DBQ), which changes from year to year. In Part B the student chooses to answer on two of the topics that are given. You will have 70 minutes to write these essays. The free-response section counts for 50 percent of your final grade. These topics are broken down into thirds: - Political Institutions (1/3rd)- Social and Economic Change (1/3rd)- Behavior and Public Policy, Diplomacy and International Relations, Intellectual and Cultural Development (1/3rd) The time periods covered are as follows: - Pre-Colonial through 1789 (1/6th of exam)- 1790-1914 (1/2 of exam)- 1915-present (1/3rd of exam) ABOUT THE REVIEW SECTIONThis book begins with REA's concise yet thorough 230-page review of U.S. history designed to acquaint you with the exam's scope of coverage. Our review covers these topics and historical time periods: - The Colonial Period (1500-1763)- The American Revolution (1763-1787)- The United States Constitution (1787-1789)- The New National (1789-1824)- Jacksonian Democracy and Westward Expansion (1824-1850)- Sectional Conflict and The Causes of the Civil War (1850-1860)- The Civil War and Reconstruction (1860-1877)- Industrialism, War, and the Progressive Era (1877-1912)- Wilson and World War I (1912-1920)- The Roaring Twenties and Economic Collapse (1920-1929)- The Great Depression and the New Deal (1929-1941)- World War II and the Post-War Era (1941-1960)- The New Frontier, Vietnam, and Social Upheaval (1960-1972)- Watergate, Carter, and the New Conservatism (1972-2001) SCORING THE EXAMThe multiple-choice section of the exam is scored by crediting each correct answer with one point and deducting one-fourth of a point for each incorrect answer. You will neither receive a credit nor suffer a deduction for unanswered questions. The free-response essays are graded by instructors and professors from across the country who come together each June for a week of non-stop AP essay grading. Each essay booklet is read and scored by several graders. Each grader provides a score for the individual essays. The DBQ is scored on a scale from 0 to 15, 0 being the lowest and 15 the highest. Each topic-based essay receives a score from 0 to 9. These scores are concealed so that each grader is unaware of the previous graders' assessments. When the essays have been graded completely, the scores are averaged-one score for each essay-so that the free-response section generates three scores. The total weight of the free-response section is 50 percent of the total score. Your work in the multiple-choice section counts for the other 50 percent. Each year, grades fluctuate slightly because the grading scale is adjusted to take into account the performance of the total AP U.S. History test-taker population. When used with the corresponding chart, the scoring method we present here will strongly approximate the score you would receive if you were sitting for the actual AP U.S. History exam. SCORING THE MULTIPLE-CHOICE SECTIONFor the multiple-choice section, use this formula to calculate your raw score: Number right - (number wrong x 1/4) = raw score (round to the nearest whole number) SCORING THE FREE-RESPONSE SECTIONFor the free-response section, use this formula to calculate your raw score: DBQ + Essay #1 + Essay #2 + = raw score (round to the nearest whole number) You may want to give your essays three different grades, such as a 13, 10, and an 8, and then calculate your score three ways: as if you did well, average, and poorly. This will give you a safe estimate of how you will do on the actual exam. Try to be objective about grading your own essays. If possible, have a friend, teacher, or parent grade them for you. Make sure your essays follow all of the AP requirements before you assess the score. The statistical formulations used by the AP Program preclude our REA practice-test scoring system from precisely replicating the procedures and determinations of the AP Program. Bear in mind that the cut-off point between each of the five AP grades typically shifts slightly from year to year. This occurs both because one year's exam cannot be expected to be exactly as difficult as another year's and because no two test-taker groups can be expected to be equally strong. THE COMPOSITE SCORETo obtain your composite score, use this method: 1.13 x multiple choice raw score = weighted multiple-choice score (do not round)2.73 x free response raw score = weighted free response score (do not round) Now, add the two weighted sections together and round to the nearest whole number. The result is your total composite score. See the range within which your score falls on this table to approximate your final grade: AP Grade / Composite Score Range5 / 114-1804 / 91-1133 / 74-902 / 49-731 / 0-48 These overall scores are interpreted as follows: 5-extremely well qualified;4-well qualified; 3-qualified, 2-possibly qualified; and 1-no recommendation. Most colleges grant students who earn a 3 or better either college credit or advanced placement. Check with your high school's guidance office about specific requirements. CONTACTING THE AP PROGRAMProspective examinees should download from the College Entrance Examination Board's Website or request by phone the free bulletin offering a general description of the AP Program, including policies and procedures as well as instructions on how to register for the AP Examination in United States History. Here's how to contact the College Board: Advanced Placement ProgramDept. E-22P.O. Box 6670Princeton, NJ 08541-6670Phone: (609) 771-7300Website: http: //www.collegeboard.com/ap
The NIV Application Commentary helps you communicate and apply biblical text effectively in today's context. To bring the ancient messages of the Bible into today's world, each passage is treated in three sections: Original Meaning. Concise exegesis to help readers understand the original meaning of the biblical text in its historical, literary, and cultural context. Bridging Contexts. A bridge between the world of the Bible and the world of today, built by discerning what is timeless in the timely pages of the Bible. Contemporary Significance. This section identifies comparable situations to those faced in the Bible and explores relevant application of the biblical messages. The author alerts the readers of problems they may encounter when seeking to apply the passage and helps them think through the issues involved. This unique, award-winning commentary is the ideal resource for today's preachers, teachers, and serious students of the Bible, giving them the tools, ideas, and insights they need to communicate God's Word with the same powerful impact it had when it was first written.
Through 10 outstanding editions, Kelley & Firestein's Textbook of Rheumatology has provided authoritative, in-depth guidance in rheumatology with an ideal balance of basic science and clinical application. The 11th Edition of this classic text continues this tradition of excellence, while keeping you abreast of recent advances in genetics and the microbiome, new therapies such as biologics and biosimilars, and other rapid changes in the field. It provides comprehensive, global coverage of all aspects of diagnosis, screening, and treatment in both adults and children, in a user-friendly, full color reference. - Covers everything from basic science, immunology, anatomy, and physiology to diagnostic tests, procedures, and specific disease processes—including key data on therapeutic outcomes to better inform clinical decision making. - Includes new chapters on Innate Lymphoid Cells and Natural Killer Cells, Pathogenesis of Inflammasome Mediated Diseases, Bisphosphonates, Ultrasound Evaluation of the Musculoskeletal System, and Evaluation of Monoarticular and Polyarticular Arthritis. - Features 1,200 high-quality illustrations, including superb line art, quick-reference tables, and full-color clinical photographs. - Shares the knowledge and expertise of internationally renowned scientists and clinicians, including new editor Dr. Gary Koretzky, specialist in immunology and rheumatology. - Demonstrates the complete musculoskeletal exam in online videos, including abnormal findings and the arthroscopic presentation of diseased joints. - Enhanced eBook version included with purchase. Your enhanced eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices.
The Early Settlement of North America is an examination of the first recognisable culture in the New World: the Clovis complex. Gary Haynes begins his analysis with a discussion of the archaeology of Clovis fluted points in North America and a review of the history of the research on the topic. He presents and evaluates all the evidence that is now available on the artefacts, the human populations of the time, and the environment, and he examines the adaptation of the early human settlers in North America to the simultaneous disappearance of the mammoths and mastodonts. Haynes offers a compelling re-appraisal of our current state of knowledge about the peopling of this continent and provides a significant new contribution to the debate with his own integrated theory of Clovis, which incorporates vital new biological, ecological, behavioural and archaeological data.
A linguistic analysis supporting a new model of the colonization of the Antilles before 1492 This work formulates a testable hypothesis of the origins and migration patterns of the aboriginal peoples of the Greater Antilles (Cuba, Jamaica, Hispaniola, and Puerto Rico), the Lucayan Islands (the Commonwealth of the Bahamas and the Crown Colony of the Turks and Caicos), the Virgin Islands, and the northernmost of the Leeward Islands, prior to European contact. Using archaeological data as corroboration, the authors synthesize evidence that has been available in scattered locales for more than 500 years but which has never before been correlated and critically examined. Within any well-defined geographical area (such as these islands), the linguistic expectation and norm is that people speaking the same or closely related language will intermarry, and, by participating in a common gene pool, will show similar socioeconomic and cultural traits, as well as common artifact preferences. From an archaeological perspective, the converse is deducible: artifact inventories of a well-defined sociogeographical area are likely to have been created by speakers of the same or closely related language or languages. Languages of the Pre-Columbian Antilles presents information based on these assumptions. The data is scant—scattered words and phrases in Spanish explorers' journals, local place names written on maps or in missionary records—but the collaboration of the authors, one a linguist and the other an archaeologist, has tied the linguistics to the ground wherever possible and allowed the construction of a framework with which to understand the relationships, movements, and settlement patterns of Caribbean peoples before Columbus arrived.
This historical study examines a “legal lynching” in 1902 Texas, shedding light on race relations, political culture, and economic conditions of the time. On October 17, 1902, in Nacogdoches, Texas, a black man named James Buchanan was tried without representation, condemned, and executed for the murder of a white family—all within three hours. Two white men played pivotal roles in these events: the editor of the Nacogdoches Sentinel, Bill Haltom, a prominent Democrat who condemned lynching but defended lynch mobs; and A. J. Spradley, a Populist sheriff who managed to keep the mob from burning Buchanan alive, only to escort him to the gallows. Each man’s story illuminates part of the path toward the terrible parody of justice at the heart of A Hanging in Nacogdoches. The turn of the twentieth century was a time of dramatic change for the people of East Texas. Frightened by the Populist Party's attempts to unite poor blacks and whites in a struggle for economic justice, white Democrats defended their power base by exploiting racial tensions in a battle that ultimately resulted in complete disenfranchisement for the black population. In telling the story of a single lynching, Gary Borders dramatically illustrates the way politics and race combined to bring horrific violence to small southern towns like Nacogdoches.
The election of Barack Obama to the presidency in 2008 was hailed by many as a historic event and by some as the end of the Reagan era in American politics. But conservatives have condemned Obama from the beginning of his presidency, and many progressives charge that Obama has betrayed the causes that he espoused in 2008. This book offers a brilliant critique of Obama's presidency and a powerful case that progressives should not give up on Obama. Gary Dorrien, described by Princeton philosopher Cornel West as "the preeminent social ethicist in North America today," argues that Obama is a figure of "protean irony and complexity." Obama has been a bitter disappointment in many ways, Dorrien contends, yet Obama also has historic achievements to his credit that are too often discounted. Dorrien emphasizes the importance of Obama's story to his career and devotes chapters to the economic crisis, the health care reform debate, war and foreign policy, banking regulation and the federal budget, and the case for a progressive politics of the common good. Ultimately, Dorrien says, the Obama question is whether or not Obama's presidency will mark the end of the Reagan era--when giant corporations and the wealthy got whatever they wanted, military budgets soared, and American politics was ruled by the fantasy of tax cuts paying for themselves. Dorrien argues that there is still time to redeem the hope of the 2008 election, bringing an end to the Reagan era. The Obama Question will stand as an insightful evaluation of a tumultuous presidency long after the next election has passed.
Using independent critical and cultural theory journals that cross the Canada/US border as key examples, this book shows how to interpret the original practices of periodicals by tracing editorial diasporas and transitions to electronic publishing. Back Issues explains the role of independent theory journals in the institutional formation of critical theory and cultural studies in Canada and the US by focusing on two seminal publications, Paul Piccone’s Telos and Arthur Kroker’s Canadian Journal of Political and Social Theory. Editorial transits across the international border figure largely, as do founding conferences, interpersonal flare-ups, and the conviviality of academic communities and pre-gentrified urban bohemias. Both commensurable and incommensurable relationships between journal projects are analysed, and a hitherto unwritten history of critical and cultural theory in Canada is broached.
One would never think that someone in a war zone would be bitten by the travel bug, but that’s exactly what happened to Gary Loupassakis’s father while serving his country overseas during the Second World War. When he returned home, he began taking his family on vacations along the East Coast, and eventually throughout the entire country and the Caribbean. Unwittingly, he passed on the travel bug to his son, Gary. In a travel memoir that includes vivid photographs, Gary shares entertaining stories and images from his life, beginning with his childhood, and then as he worked as a travel agent and toured the world from 1959 until 2021, visiting sixty-five countries on six continents—and still counting. While detailing his adventures, Gary offers fascinating insight gathered through five decades about the cultures, traditions, and tourist attractions of other countries that include Egypt, Israel, Australia and New Zealand, Switzerland, South Africa, Greece, and many more. “Go Dat Way and Go Dere” is a travel memoir that details the many journeys of a seasoned American travel agent as he embarked on a fifty-year tour of the world.
Revisiting the thinking on vulnerability to HIV and risk of infection, this book provides better understanding by considering the risk of HIV infection alongside notions of personal and collective resilience, dignity and humiliation. The work shows that young people in the urban slum dignify their world and, in doing so, establish priorities and draw on a set of references oftentimes intelligible to them alone. Moreover, humiliation, as an interpersonal event, adds to a sense of vulnerability and lies closely behind choices directly affecting personal health and livelihood. Thus, dignity and humiliation are shown for the first time to have a critical role in health seeking and risky behavior related to HIV, and this is an area in great need of further research. The crucial focus of this work is further emphasized by the rapid growth of urban slums, and high rates of HIV among both slum dwellers and young people, who continue to bear the brunt of the AIDS epidemic, thirty years on. This comprehensive literature review provides a compelling argument that the time is right to further explore the nexus of risk and resilience from a people-centered perspective. Fresh insight is critical to reach the goal of ending AIDS by 2030.
A series of provocative essays on how the fantastic genres evolve and grow In this wide-ranging series of essays, an award-winning science fiction critic explores how the related genres of science fiction, fantasy, and horror evolve, merge, and finally "evaporate" into new and more dynamic forms. Beginning with a discussion of how literary readers "unlearned" how to read the fantastic during the heyday of realistic fiction, Gary K. Wolfe goes on to show how the fantastic reasserted itself in popular genre literature, and how these genres themselves grew increasingly unstable in terms of both narrative form and the worlds they portray. More detailed discussions of how specific contemporary writers have promoted this evolution are followed by a final essay examining how the competing discourses have led toward an emerging synthesis of critical approaches and vocabularies. The essays cover a vast range of authors and texts, and include substantial discussions of very current fiction published within the last few years.
Your students are curious. Here is a text that shows them how psychology answers the questions they are asking. In this introduction to psychology, Wind Goodfriend, Gary Lewandowski, Charity Brown Griffin, and Tom Heinzen investigate our everyday curiosities through psychological science – approaching the discipline′s core tenets with candor, humor, and wonder. Psychology and Our Curious World invites students to ask questions, think critically, and make evidence-informed decisions to better understand their unique world and that of others. Amplifying the impact of their work, all the authors are donating a portion of their royalties to charities close to their hearts, including: The Trevor Project, Thurgood Marshall College Fund, Make-A-Wish Foundation, Wounded Warrior Project, and GlassRoots. Watch this video walkthrough and see how it works:
This text offers a critique of Barack Obama's presidency and a powerful case that progressives should not give up on Obama. Obama has been a bitter disappointment in many ways, Dorrien contends, yet he also has historic achievements to his credit that are too often discounted.
In the first book of its kind, Gary Solomon, a.k.a. The Movie Doctor*, supplies a list of healing stories culled from movies that shows readers how others have coped--and healed--from problems such as addictions, abuse, bigotry, and physical illnesses.
The book introduces the idea of Coherency Management, and asserts that this is the primary outcome goal of an enterprise's architecture. With submissions from over 30 authors and co-authors, the book reinforces the idea that EA is being practiced in an ever-increasing variety of circumstances - from the tactical to the strategic, from the technical to the political, and with governance that ranges from sell to tell. The characteristics, usages, value statements, frameworks, rules, tools and countless other attributes of EA seem to be anything but orderly, definable, classifiable, and understandable as might be hoped given heritage of EA and the famous framework and seminal article on the subject by John Zachman over two decades ago. Notably, EA is viewed as an Enterprise Design and Management approach, adopted to build better enterprises, rather than a IT Design and Management approach limited to build better systems.
501 Essential Albums of ’90s is the ultimate curated list detailing dozens of the decade’s most influential releases across all genres, featuring descriptions of the releases, album art, and artist imagery.
The epic story of one of America's greatest soldiers, Ranger Hall of Fame member Gary O'Neal, who served his country for forty years Chief Warrant Officer Gary O'Neal is no ordinary soldier. For nearly forty years, he has fought America's enemies, becoming one of the greatest Warriors this nation has ever known. Part Native American, O'Neal was trained in both military combat and the ways of his native people, combining his commitment to freedom with his respect for the enemy, his technical fighting skills with his fierce warrior spirit. From his first tour in Vietnam at seventeen to fighting in both Gulf wars, O'Neal was nothing less than a super soldier. A minefield of aggression bordering on a justice-seeking vigilante, O'Neal kept fighting even when wounded, refusing to surrender in the face of nine serious injuries and being left more than once. O'Neal earned countless military honors as a member of the elite Army Rangers corps, a founding member of the legendary first Department of Defense antiterrorist team, a member of the Golden Knights Parachuting Team, and more, devoting his life to training the next generation of soldiers. His unbelievable true stories are both shocking and moving, a reminder of what it means to be a true American hero. In O'Neal's own words, he "wasn't born a warrior"—life made him one. American Warrior will serve as inspiration for American men and women in uniform today, as well as appeal to the countless veterans who served their country alongside O'Neal.
Aperpetual bestseller, this third edition remains the obvious choice for those instructors who strive to make their teaching applicable to contemporary issues. The three authors, all teaching professors distinguished in soil science, have updated this student favorite to include a greater number of even more relevant topics. Responding to requests, they have also placed an increased emphasis on management issues. As with previous editions, the third edition offers students in soil or environmental science an overview of soil science, hydrology, atmospheric chemistry, and pollutant classification. The text moves from the theoretical to the practical with an abundance of contemporary examples, such as an exploration of allowable pesticide concentrations in drinking water and an inquiry into soil contamination from the trace elements in organic by-products. Also considered are the use of soil carbon sequestration as a remedy for global climate change, and the effects of acid precipitation on forestation. NEW TO THE THIRD EDITION: · New chapters on nutrient management planning, and the environmental testing of soil, plants, water, and air · Additional and revised case studies that continue to relate academic content to real-life situations, while inspiring students with real –life challenges to solve · Eight-page color inset · Direct encouragement and links to fully access the Internet as a resource for the most up-to-date findings Always Relevant, Always Interesting The text also covers environmentally-related current events, fostering discussion of the political, economic, and regulatory aspects of environmental issues, the human side of environmental problems, the use and misuse of the scientific method, and potential bias in the presentation of facts. Students in soil science, environmental science, chemistry, biology, geology, and other disciplines will gain valuable insight from this multifaceted text.
1996 marked the 125th season of the oldest continuously operating professional sports franchise in America: the Atlanta Braves. This comprehensive reference begins with the team's birth in 1871 as the Boston Red Stockings, and follows them to Milwaukee in 1953 and to Atlanta in 1966, playing under such a variety of names as Beaneaters, Doves, Rustlers, Braves, Bees, and back to the Braves. Because of this transient past, much of the franchise's history has been misplaced over the years—until now. Beloved not only by their tomahawk-chopping local fans but by baseball fans everywhere, the Braves have become one of today's most successful sports organizations. The Braves Encyclopedia brings it all together. 150 player profiles—from Hall of Famers Hank Aaron, Babe Ruth, Warren Spahn, and Eddie Matthews to all-time greats Dale Murphy, Phil Niekro, and Terry Pendleton to today's stars like David Justice, Greg Maddux, and Steve Avery 600 photographs of players, game highlights, and memorabilia extensive statistics, including box scores, team and individual records, and trades season-by-season descriptions bring to life the great moments, the World Series championships, the managerial strategies, the personalities, and the milestones a comprehensive history of the ballparks a wealth of little-known facts and surprising anecdotes Author note: Gary Caruso is the editor of Chop Talk a monthly magazine covering the Atlanta Braves. As a sports reporter for nearly 25 years, he has written for the Atlanta Journal has been executive sports editor of the Atlanta Journal-Constitution, and a senior editor and writer for The National Sports Daily.
In Gregory Peck: A Biography, Gary Fishgall meticulously recounts Peck's influential life, revealing the effects of the actor on the film industry and of the film industry on the actor."--BOOK JACKET.
Health risks are dynamic and ever-changing, both at home and while traveling abroad. To stay abreast of the most up-to-date health recommendations, for decades health care professionals and travelers have relied on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's user-friendly Health Information for International Travel (commonly referred to as the The Yellow Book) as a trusted reference. Updated biennially by a team of experts, this book is the only publication for all official government recommendations for international travel. The book's features include clear and easy-to-read disease risk maps, information on where to find health care during travel, specific health information and itineraries for popular tourist destinations, detailed country-specific information for yellow fever and malaria, advice for those traveling with infants and children, and a comprehensive catalog of diseases, their clinical pictures, and their epidemiologies. The Yellow Book addresses the pre-travel consult and provides post-travel clinical guidance on ways to approach common syndromes of returned travelers who are ill.
Consult the definitive resource in rheumatology for an in-depth understanding of scientific advances as they apply to clinical practice. Masterfully edited by Drs. Gary S. Firestein, Ralph C. Budd, Sherine E. Gabriel, Iain B. McInnes, and James R. O'Dell, and authored by internationally renowned scientists and clinicians in the field, Kelley and Firestein’s Textbook of Rheumatology, 10th Edition, delivers the knowledge you need for accurate diagnoses and effective patient care. From basic science, immunology, anatomy, and physiology to diagnostic tests, procedures, and specific disease processes, this state-of-the-art reference provides a global, authoritative perspective on the manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of rheumatic diseases. An ideal balance of the basic science you need to know and how to apply that information to clinical practice. An integrated chapter format allows you to review basic science advances and their clinical implications in one place and get dependable, evidence-based guidance for the full range of rheumatologic diseases and syndromes. Consult this title on your favorite e-reader, conduct rapid searches, and adjust font sizes for optimal readability. New content on the latest diagnostic perspectives and approaches to therapy, including five brand-new chapters: Metabolic Regulation of Immunity, Principles of Signaling, Research Methods in the Rheumatic Diseases, Novel Intracellular Targeting Agents, and IgG4-Related Diseases. New and expanded chapter topics on small molecule treatment, biologics, biomarkers, epigenetics, biosimilars, and cell-based therapies. More schematic diagrams clearly summarize information and facilitate understanding.
Kelley's Textbook of Rheumatology delivers the state-of-the-art scientific and clinical know-how you need to offer your patients the most effective diagnosis and care. This rheumatology book’s sweeping updates highlight current advances and breakthroughs that impact your practice. With Kelley's Textbook of Rheumatology, you'll be ready to handle the toughest clinical challenges you face. Search the entire contents online at www.expertconsult.com, download all of images, and watch videos demonstrating the complete musculoskeletal exam, including abnormal findings and the arthroscopic presentation of diseased joints. Review basic science advances and their clinical implications in one place and get dependable, evidence-based guidance with the integrated chapter format that readers of Kelley's Textbook of Rheumatology have always appreciated. Gain a thorough understanding of the "whys" and "hows" of rheumatic disease management with detailed coverage of the very latest breakthroughs and the newest clinical algorithms. Apply the latest therapeutic advances through new chapters in bioengineering and tissue engineering, as well as up-to-date coverage of gout and disease-modifying drugs. Learn how the study of biomarkers across populations can help you detect diseases earlier and with greater accuracy with a new chapter on epigenetics. Diagnose, monitor, and manage rheumatic disease more effectively with expanded information on the use of ultrasound and other imaging modalities.
It has been said that all great literature is about suffering. But before the twentieth century, physical pain, one of the most primal forms of human suffering, has rarely been represented on the stage and in fiction. But when it is foregrounded in works of literature, it is not only the most dramatic way of representing human suffering, it is also used to explore, in the most intense form, existential questions regarding the meaning of human existence and the justice of the universe. Perhaps it is not entirely coincidental, then, that imaginative works about physical pain, though few in number, figure prominently among the masterpieces of the western literary tradition. The best were written during two of the west's most astonishing periods of literary creativity, fifth-century-BC Athens and nineteenth-century Russia, and by the most prominent artists of their time: Prometheus Bound by Aeschylus, The Women of Trachis and Philoctetes by Sophocles; Notes from the House of the Dead by Dostoevsky; and The Death of Ivan Ilyich and War and Peace by Tolstoy. In all these works, physical pain is always portrayed as a dynamic process that includes the view point of the victim, the perpetrator (much of the physical pain is in the form of torture), and the onlooker or witness. In the Greek works, physical pain is the main vehicle for exposing the injustice of the gods and the world order, and in the Russian works for questioning the moral legitimacy of the state. In Prometheus Bound, Zeus delegitimizes his rule by torturing Prometheus for his service to mankind. In The Women of Trachis, the gods look indifferently upon the excruciating suffering of Hercules, the greatest Greek hero. In Philoctetes, the gods cruelly exploit the terrible pain of the hero as a means of winning victory at Troy for their Greek wards. In the Russian works, the mechanisms for inflicting the maximum amount of physical pain during corporal punishment undermine the moral foundations of the state and argue for its dissolution. Though the Greek and Russian works are separated by genre (plays vs novels) and by time (over two thousand years), they are united by the way they employ pain to investigate the justice—or rather injustice—of the world order.
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