How a nation or region develops is infallibly linked to how well it can deliver ideas, information and data throughout its population. The greater the freedom to send, receive and synthesize information, the more likely a given country is to have a higher standard of living as measured by per capita income and other economic indicators. This study demonstrates that the economic development of a nation or region is connected to its ability to transport said intelligence in a highly expeditious and economic manner. Without this ability, technological development and the exchange / flow of ideas are intrinsically hampered and directly impacts economic development. In order to demonstrate this thesis, nations were classified via their respective technology IQ s or information quotient. This IQ is ascertained by several info centric technological variables that drive the flow of information and the freedom of market development / interaction. The information quotient s interactive nature, demonstrated via its close association with business, educational and social development, earmarks it as a refined predictor of technology growth hence economic power. There are four major info centric determinants (variables) that make up a nation s technology IQ: 1. Teledensity (Td) - the number of telephone lines (not phones) per 100 population. Teledensity represents fundamental communications, which is essential for the distribution of wealth and ideas. It is a consumer building block via the development of markets and the creation of economic reach. A telephone is useless unless connected to a network via a trunk. A trunk or service line can be explained as a portal to the outside world. Teledensity is not a metric of telephones but is a ratio of telephone stations to main lines. 2. Internet Density (Id) the number of Internet users divided by population times 100. Remember, Internet users need access to the outside world via a phone line or other data link. By definition, Internet utilization / development follows telephony development. This variable can be associated with increased business efficiency. It is a major factor to reducing costs within the business to business and e-commerce arena. This thesis invokes that Internet usage vastly increases consumerism outside national / regional boundaries thus expanding avenues of opportunity for growth and wealth creation on a global scale. 3. Cable Density (Cd) can bring broadband (high speed) capability to large segments of the populace and business communities. (Especially, small to medium sized business concerns). Cable is the life line of high speed interactive, secure communications. Its potential to bring accelerated growth to communities is exponential. Cd is calculated by taking the number of households divided by population times 100. Still it is important to issue a word of caution regarding cable density. In many less developed nations the cable infrastructure is old and used for one way CATV transmission. Upgrading to carry interactive voice and data could be prohibitive. 4. Finally, Wireless Density (Wd) represents number of cellular lines per 100 population. Unlike regular telephones, that can share a given line, each activated cellular phone, by definition, represents a line. Wireless or un-tethered communications represents time and execution efficiency for both business and consumer segments. It can also provide fundamental communications for developing nations that do not have a regular telephone network. Cellular Density may be a strong indicator of quick start economic growth but this remains to be seen. Cellular communication lacks speed, security, range and voice clarity. Secure data mobility, in the future, can expand business efficiency and further reduce communication, travel and data content to utilization costs. It is the next step associated with interactive Internet utilization as businesses and consumers become increasing mobile and self s
Presenting original and fascinating ideas regarding consciousness, life, being, experience, thought, emotion, desire, depression, anxiety, dreams, art, music, and genius, DiMeglio offers a plan for true growth in all areas. (Philosophy)
The new edition covers 285 conditions, disorders, and diseases routinely seen by orthopaedic surgeons, orthopaedists, primary care physicians, and physical therapists. Topics presents disease or condition history, epidemiology, assessing the patient, diagnosis, treatment, therapy, and other important information. Illustrations are embedded throughout, and provide much-needed visual context to the written content.
The United States is witnessing an explosion of the metabolic syndrome. We have unprecedented levels of people walking around with high blood pressure, abdominal obesity, type II diabetes and high cholesterol. The healthcare system is overrun with heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, gout, fatty liver, gastroesophageal reflux disease and the complications that come with prolonged obesity. Research is finally defining the cause of the metabolic syndrome. A sugar in the headlines these days, high fructose corn syrup (HFCS), was initially thought to be the culprit. But fructose, also known as fruit sugar, is the true villain; and its consumption in America has increased 600% in the past 25 years! While the nation is boycotting HFCS and returning to table sugar-sweetened foods, excess fructose is killing adults and the youth of America. "FRUCTOSE EXPOSED" clarifies the misunderstanding surrounding fructose, HFCS and the metabolic disaster that develops from chronic, excess fructose consumption. M. Frank Lyons II, M.D. is a practicing gastroenterologist in Tacoma, Washington. He has been a clinical researcher, teacher and writer for the past quarter century. He is a recent author of 42 Days to a New Life-a book that describes the importance of a balanced fat diet to prevent numerous diseases. Dr. Lyons has BS and MS degrees in microbiology and a Doctorate in Medicine. He is board certified in Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology and is a Fellow of the American College of Physicians and the American College of Gastroenterology. His passion is to discover the causes of the exploding medical problems that are afflicting millions of Americans that he has witnessed firsthand during his medical career. His desire to teach his patients how to reverse many of those diseases has led to the research and writing of FRUCTOSE EXPOSED and 42 Days to a New Life.
This work offers practical information about the methodology of epidemiologic studies of obesity. The first section considers the definition and measurement of obesity and the designs of epidemiologic studies, while the next two sections address the consequences and determinants of obesity.
This book provides all the knowledge needed to treat injuries to the pediatric extremities, spine, and pelvis. It aims to enable age-appropriate diagnosis and optimal treatment selection, with particular consideration of the current developmental age of an injured child. A general overview section presents the features of skeletal growth, growth plate fusion, and the concept of non-growth-damaging treatment of pediatric fractures. The well-structured specialized chapters detail the characteristics of individual injuries with corresponding case studies. Thus, the book offers a learning opportunity but can also be used as a practical daily reference to facilitate orientation. Three chapters focus on options for the correction of injuries that have healed poorly. The book offers exceptional value through:- Classifications of fractures and injuries Schematic drawings of typical fractures with developmental characteristics Structured overview tables for all regions of injury with representation of the fracture types and their characteristic radiographs Presentation of conservative and operative treatment options and illustration of all typical situations
This textbook extends from the basics of femtosecond physics all the way to some of the latest developments in the field. In this updated edition, the chapter on laser-driven atoms is augmented by the discussion of two-electron atoms interacting with strong and short laser pulses, as well as by a review of ATI rings and low energy structures in photo-electron spectra. In the chapter on laser-driven molecules a discussion of 2D infrared spectroscopy is incorporated. Theoretical investigations of atoms and molecules interacting with pulsed lasers up to atomic field strengths on the order of 10^16 W/cm2 are leading to an understanding of many challenging experimental discoveries. The presentation starts with a brief introduction to pulsed laser physics. The basis for the non-perturbative treatment of laser-matter interaction in the book is the time-dependent Schrödinger equation. Its analytical as well as numerical solution are laid out in some detail. The light field is treated classically and different possible gauges for the field-matter interaction are discussed. Physical phenomena, ranging from paradigmatic Rabi-oscillations in two-level systems to the ionization of atoms, the generation of high-order harmonics, the ionization and dissociation of molecules, as well as the control of chemical reactions are presented and discussed on a fundamental level. In this way, the theoretical background for state of the art experiments with strong and short laser pulses is given. The new text is augmented by several additional exercises and now contains a total of forty-eight problems, whose worked-out solutions are given in the last chapter. In addition, some detailed calculations are performed in the appendices. Furthermore, each chapter ends with references to more specialized literature.
Get comprehensive, practical coverage of both surgical and non-surgical treatment approaches from the world's most trusted authorities in spine surgery and care. Rothman-Simeone and Herkowitz's The Spine, 7th Edition, edited by Drs. Steven R. Garfin, Frank J. Eismont, Gordon R. Bell, Jeffrey S. Fischgrund, and Christopher M. Bono, presents state-of-the-art techniques helping you apply today's newest developments in your practice. - Highlights critical information through the use of pearls, pitfalls, and key points throughout the text, as well as more than 2,300 full-color photographs and illustrations. - Offers a newly revised, streamlined format that makes it easier than ever to find the information you need. - Contains new chapters on the clinical relevance of finite element modeling and SI joint surgery. - Includes an expanded section on minimally invasive spine surgery, including recent developments and future directions. - Provides the latest evidence-based research from high-quality studies, including new randomized controlled trials for lumbar stenosis, surgery, fusion, and injections. - Presents the knowledge and expertise of new international contributors, as well as new editorial leadership from Dr. Steven Garfin. - Expert ConsultTM eBook version included with purchase. This enhanced eBook experience allows you to search all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices.
How a nation or region develops is infallibly linked to how well it can deliver ideas, information and data throughout its population. The greater the freedom to send, receive and synthesize information, the more likely a given country is to have a higher standard of living as measured by per capita income and other economic indicators. This study demonstrates that the economic development of a nation or region is connected to its ability to transport said intelligence in a highly expeditious and economic manner. Without this ability, technological development and the exchange / flow of ideas are intrinsically hampered and directly impacts economic development. In order to demonstrate this thesis, nations were classified via their respective technology IQ s or information quotient. This IQ is ascertained by several info centric technological variables that drive the flow of information and the freedom of market development / interaction. The information quotient s interactive nature, demonstrated via its close association with business, educational and social development, earmarks it as a refined predictor of technology growth hence economic power. There are four major info centric determinants (variables) that make up a nation s technology IQ: 1. Teledensity (Td) - the number of telephone lines (not phones) per 100 population. Teledensity represents fundamental communications, which is essential for the distribution of wealth and ideas. It is a consumer building block via the development of markets and the creation of economic reach. A telephone is useless unless connected to a network via a trunk. A trunk or service line can be explained as a portal to the outside world. Teledensity is not a metric of telephones but is a ratio of telephone stations to main lines. 2. Internet Density (Id) the number of Internet users divided by population times 100. Remember, Internet users need access to the outside world via a phone line or other data link. By definition, Internet utilization / development follows telephony development. This variable can be associated with increased business efficiency. It is a major factor to reducing costs within the business to business and e-commerce arena. This thesis invokes that Internet usage vastly increases consumerism outside national / regional boundaries thus expanding avenues of opportunity for growth and wealth creation on a global scale. 3. Cable Density (Cd) can bring broadband (high speed) capability to large segments of the populace and business communities. (Especially, small to medium sized business concerns). Cable is the life line of high speed interactive, secure communications. Its potential to bring accelerated growth to communities is exponential. Cd is calculated by taking the number of households divided by population times 100. Still it is important to issue a word of caution regarding cable density. In many less developed nations the cable infrastructure is old and used for one way CATV transmission. Upgrading to carry interactive voice and data could be prohibitive. 4. Finally, Wireless Density (Wd) represents number of cellular lines per 100 population. Unlike regular telephones, that can share a given line, each activated cellular phone, by definition, represents a line. Wireless or un-tethered communications represents time and execution efficiency for both business and consumer segments. It can also provide fundamental communications for developing nations that do not have a regular telephone network. Cellular Density may be a strong indicator of quick start economic growth but this remains to be seen. Cellular communication lacks speed, security, range and voice clarity. Secure data mobility, in the future, can expand business efficiency and further reduce communication, travel and data content to utilization costs. It is the next step associated with interactive Internet utilization as businesses and consumers become increasing mobile and self s
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