Essay from the year 2020 in the subject Business economics - Economic Policy, grade: 1,0, , language: English, abstract: This essay is about the Russia’s economic reaction to confront Western sanctions. The first sanctions because of Russia’s role in the Ukraine crisis were imposed in March 2014 by the US and the EU in a coordinated manner. This Essay wants to evaluate the Russian counteractions to these Western measures. Therefor the Russian countersanctions will be analyzed briefly, however the focus will be on domestic policy shifts in the Russian economic policy concerning the Finance Sector, the Energy and Defense Industry as the general economy. The essay will conclude with a categorization of the applied measures, a summary, and an outlook.
This book addresses the highly differentiated spatial, social, cultural and demographic structure(s) of Germany, with a particular focus on the reciprocal relations between different levels of spatial development. The historical development of Germany serves as a background in order to provide context for the development of spatially relevant ideas and ideals (whether in relation to politics, landscape, or culture). In this regard, questions of divergence and convergence become highly salient. The book makes the complexity of spatial and social developments in Germany comprehensible. The neopragmatic approach adopted here allows bringing together different theoretical strands while providing a basis for independent regional geographic research at the same time. Beginning with an overview of the physical structures of Germany which provides the material point of departure for the societal development of Germany, key aspects of the German history are discussed. Particular attention is paid to the reciprocal influence between material substrate and notions of landscape. Here, specific ‘German’ trajectories of aesthetic and normative conceptions of landscape become clear. A common theme throughout the book are questions of divergence and of efforts towards convergence, which become evident when considering past and present economic, political, and demographic developments. Efforts to tackle current challenges, such as adapting to climate change and mitigating it, or securing raw materials, also become apparent. The complexity of spatial processes in Germany is illustrated in case study regions dealing with the challenges of structural change in traditional industrial regions (such as the Ruhr area), or e.g. efforts of Berlin to position and find itself as the capital of a unified Germany. Overall, the book shows how theory-driven regional geographic research can make spatiotemporal complexities tangible and comprehensible.
Akademische Arbeit aus dem Jahr 2019 im Fachbereich Jura - Sonstiges, Note: 2,7, Universität Passau, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, den von der Arbeitsgruppe 2018 veröffentlichten Zero Draft auszuwerten. Hierzu wird zunächst ein Überblick über die historische Diskussion zum Thema Menschenrechte und TNU gegeben und bisherige Regelungen auf globaler Ebene hierzu aufgezeigt. Im Anschluss wird der Prozess, der zur Erarbeitung des Zero Drafts geführt hat, dargestellt und eine umfassende Analyse dieses Vertragsentwurfs vorgenommen. Hieran anknüpfend erfolgt schließlich eine Bewertung und Einordnung des Vertrages, bevor abschließend ein Fazit gezogen und ein Ausblick gegeben wird. Immer wieder werden transnational agierende Unternehmen in Zusammenhang mit Menschenrechtsverletzungen gebracht. Medial hohe Aufmerksamkeit erzeugte zuletzt 2012 ein Fabrikbrand in einer Textilfabrik in Pakistan bei der rund 250 Beschäftigte starben. Das betroffene Unternehmen hatte auch für den deutschen Textildiscounter KiK produziert und vorgeschriebene Brand- und Arbeitsschutzbedingungen nicht eingehalten. Um solche Vorfälle künftig zu verhindern bzw. zu ahnden wurde 2014 durch Beschluss des UN-Menschenrechtsrates eine Arbeitsgruppe eingerichtet, deren Aufgabe es ist ein international rechtlich bindendes Instrument auszuarbeiten, um die Aktivitäten von transnationalen Unternehmen (TNU) bezüglich des Menschenrechtsschutzes zu regeln.
Essay from the year 2020 in the subject Law - Public Law / Constitutional Law / Basic Rights, grade: 2,0, , language: English, abstract: The constitution of the Russian Federation (CoRF) from 1993 states in Article 1 (1) that the Russian Federation is a democratic state. Therefore, it is interesting to analyze the realization of the separation of powers in Russia in two perspectives: in terms of the legal grounds and also concerning its practical realization. As the predecessor states of the Russian Federation weren’t democracies in the western sense of the term, this research can provide insights how the separation of powers principle is managed in a newly democratized state. Thus, the role of separation of powers in the Russian Federations predecessor states will be analyzed, before the constitutional norms concerning the separation of powers will be investigated. In addition, the practical handling of separation of powers in the Russian Federation will be discussed and it will be given a short conclusion.
Essay from the year 2020 in the subject Business economics - Economic Policy, grade: 1,0, , language: English, abstract: This essay is about the Russia’s economic reaction to confront Western sanctions. The first sanctions because of Russia’s role in the Ukraine crisis were imposed in March 2014 by the US and the EU in a coordinated manner. This Essay wants to evaluate the Russian counteractions to these Western measures. Therefor the Russian countersanctions will be analyzed briefly, however the focus will be on domestic policy shifts in the Russian economic policy concerning the Finance Sector, the Energy and Defense Industry as the general economy. The essay will conclude with a categorization of the applied measures, a summary, and an outlook.
Essay from the year 2020 in the subject Communications - Media and Politics, Politic Communications, grade: 1,0, , language: English, abstract: This paper wants to ascertain if the Russian government’s strategy to regulate internet media uses totally new methods or if the tools used to control online content are often indistinguishable from the ones used in traditional media. To answer this question first it will be worked out a theoretical framework, based on which this research can be conducted. Next will be an overview about the development and usage statistics of the Russian internet, before the legal and non-legal strategy concerning the internet media regulation in Russia, as well as related phenomena will be elaborated. The paper ends with a conclusion and an outlook on possible further development and necessary research. One important tool of the current Russian elites under the leadership of President Putin to secure power is controlling the media, as it helped them maintain Putin’s popularity despite several economic crisis and sanctions. Having secured control over traditional media, Russia’s ruling regime however entered a battle with content shared on social media and internet media outlets "to consolidate an information dominance over citizens", as the online sphere brings several new threats for the Russian government, including counter narratives to official propaganda and the coordination of oppositional forces.
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