International mergers and acquisitions play a vital role behind the growth of a company. This book explores the hurdles involved and how to navigate through the review processes set up by national regulatory agencies such as the US Committee on Foreign Investment (CFIUS), the EU Commission, and the Anti-Monopoly Bureau of State Administration of Market Regulation of China (AMB). This book is unique and showcases how to anticipate, develop, and implement successful strategies to support mergers and acquisitions activities, particularly of interest to finance and law students, researchers, and academics.
Economic growth and development critically depends on the quality of infrastructure. Each aspect of the economy and its infrastructure are linked systemically. Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) are increasingly being promoted as the solution to the shortfall in financing needed to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Public-private partnerships enable the public entity to utilize the expertise and efficiencies of the private sector to deliver services and facilities that traditionally have been delivered by the public sector, either through public sector employees or by traditional procurement methods. To be beneficial to all stakeholders, a PPP project requires careful planning, implementation, and strong governance. This book breaks down the steps involved and the traps to circumvent. Despite its globally growing importance, project finance has been somewhat underrepresented in research. This book analyzes project finance from an interdisciplinary perspective—finance, management, and international business—and includes international laws of arbitrage and perspectives of international financial institutions as never endeavored by any previous research projects. The book also includes case studies assessing the relevance of private-public partnerships by comparing the country expectations and the real outcomes. The gap between expectations and results does not necessarily mean that significant progress has not been made. To the contrary, the book suggests that some of the original targets set may have been unrealistic, and that the requisite financial resources—or the financial sector policies that could have generated those resources—may have been lacking.
This book covers a broad range of the most challenging topics in US international taxation laws before breaking into separate discussions of the issues related to both inbound and outbound taxes. Real examples and selected seminal cases are analysed at the end of each chapter to simplify even the most abstract tax provisions. Practitioners, academics, and advanced students specializing in specific areas of international finance will welcome this comprehensive overview of the US tax system's international laws.
Since the recent international crises, the role and significance of international financial institutions (IFI) have been challenged. Some have argued that global financial institutions are inadequate and inefficient in performing their missions, and may be replaced by modern institutions with inclusive governance and a goal-focused approach. International Financial Institutions and Their Challenges analyzes the claimed purposes of IFIs and their failures, and proposes solutions for the future. This comprehensive account is the first book of its kind to give readers an exhaustive overview of key IFI's from the International Monetary Fund to the Islamic Development Bank. By encouraging readers to think outside the box, Lessambo enhances the current and future debates on IFIs. The book brings readers to the real challenges of international finance, and appeals to scholars in economics, finance, international studies, government studies, law, and political science, as well as professionals in finance, development experts, and employees at NGOs.
Despite massive investments in mitigation capabilities, financial crime remains a trillion-dollar global issue with impacts that extend well beyond the financial services industry. Worldwide, there are between $800 billion and $2 trillion laundered annually with the United States making up at least $300 billion of that figure. Although it is not possible to measure money laundering in the same way as legitimate economic activity, the scale of the problem is considered enormous. The cybersecurity landscape is always shifting, with threats becoming more sophisticated all the time. Managing risks in the banking and financial sectors requires a thorough understanding of the evolving risks as well as the tools and practical techniques available to address them. Cybercrime is a global problem, which requires a coordinated international response. This book outlines the regulatory requirements that come out of cyber laws and showcases the comparison in dealing with AML/CFT and cybersecurity among the G-20, which will be of interest to scholars, students and policymakers within these fields.
The U.S. banking system differs from many countries both in the range of services supplied and the complexity of operations. Meanwhile, the U.S. financial markets have become the attraction of worldwide investors. This book explains the three key aspects of the industry: the laws governing the banking institutions, the regulations thereof, and their economics and financial statements in a manner not covered by any competitive publications, of interest to both professionals and scholars who want to better grasp this industry. Auditing a bank and/or liquidating a bank require a set of rules not always well understood. The book provides such an overview.
Strengthening financial sector regulatory arrangements has been a major focus of the G-20 since the crisis in 2008, and progress in strengthening financial regulations is often cited as its success. Nonetheless, the overall contribution of the G20 as a political forum for the oversight of international financial regulation is diming as FinTech is blurring the boundaries between intermediaries and markets, as well as between digital service providers moving into the financial space, nonbank financial companies, and banks. Along the same line, financial technology is causing paradigm changes to the traditional financial system, presenting both challenges and opportunities. As FinTech grows rapidly, the importance of regulation and supervision becomes more prominent. The three cornerstones of banking: taking deposits, making loans, and facilitating payments are being reassembled functionally and digitally outside of the bank regulatory perimeter by certain firms. Without comprehensive consolidated supervision, no single regulator can see the whole picture and understand how a firm as a whole operates and takes risk. No crypto firm to date is subject to comprehensive consolidated supervision, creating gaps in supervision alongside risks. Countries around the world are taking divergent views on cryptocurrency and other so-called “Web3” technologies based on blockchain. This book aims to provide a comparison between the various available approaches, models, or legislations by identifying certain key legislative policies within the G-20 as they cope with innovative financial technologies, and will be of interest to scholars, students, and practitioners of banking, financial regulation, risk management, and financial technology.
This book provides a uniquely comprehensive and detailed analysis of central banks within the G-20. It discusses their policies and functions in detail. Central banks use monetary policy to manage economic fluctuations and achieve price stability. Monetary policy is the control of the quantity of money available in an economy and the channels by which new money is supplied. Monetary policy is implemented either (i) through interest rate policy, whereby the central bank influences financial conditions by setting, or closely controlling, a short-term rate and by steering expectations about the interest rate forward, or (ii) through balance sheet policy, whereby the central bank influences financial conditions beyond the short-term rate by adjusting its balance sheet. Inflation targeting has emerged as the leading framework for monetary policy. Since the 1990s, the role of the interest rate has increased, and many countries are using inflation targeting to achieve the aims of their monetary policy. Central banks around the globe, and within the G-20, have introduced explicit inflation targets. Though a central bank cannot directly control inflation, or the factors that determine inflation, it does have the tools needed to directly affect a group of nominal variables, that in turn have an impact on the determinants of inflation. Moreover, most major central banks have adopted unconventional monetary policies to stabilize financial conditions, boost economic activity, and maintain price stability. Last but not least, financial and monetary policies have become increasingly international, involving trade-offs between domestic and foreign interests. The response to cross-border financial crises requires the close cooperation of multiple jurisdictions. The book is a key reference text for researchers, teachers and students in banking, economic policy, and government worldwide.
Depending on the circumstances, bank failure may be managed through either resolution or liquidation. Bank resolution is one of the areas of financial system stability monitored and maintained by the Financial System Stability Committee. An effective resolution regime should make possible the resolution of any bank in an orderly manner without severe systemic disruption or exposing taxpayers to the risk of loss. Resolution authorities are required to draw up resolution plans laying out how to deal with a failing bank which is no longer viable and specifying the application of possible resolution tools and ways to ensure the continuity of critical functions. When a bank is no longer viable and a Purchase and Assumption (P&A) cannot be arranged or is not permitted under the applicable legal framework, the bank may have to be liquidated either under the general insolvency framework in place in the country or under a SRR for banks. However, if a bank goes into liquidation, all liabilities (except those exempted from the insolvency estate) fall due and the insolvency estate is protected by the imposition of a collective stay of creditor action (no further enforcement by individual creditors). A trustee is appointed to dispose of the assets and distribute the proceeds among the creditors.
Central banks have become part of our modern life. Understanding their operations and policies is important, even to a layperson. At the core of their mission is financial stability. The stress test is one of the tools that Central Banks (or monetary authorities) use to assess how sound commercial banks are within their jurisdictions at any point in time. Bank stress testing is designed to test the resilience of banks to severe but plausible shocks. These scenarios are conceived around a fall of asset prices, a shock to interest rates, a reassessment of risk premiums or a large depreciation to correct an external imbalance. Nonetheless, passing a stress test does not provide a blind assurance that a financial institution is safe and outside the reach of collapse. This book aims to educate on the risks tested and the methods often used in stress testing. It is the first book in its field to make a comprehensive and up-to-date analysis of stress testing, including climate risk.
The landscape of international finance has drastically changed within the last decade. The institutions inherited from the Bretton-Woods conference—the IMF and the WBD— have become obsolete, in part, due to their lack of reforming. Meanwhile newly created institutions including The New Development Bank and the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank are increasing their sphere of influence. Developing countries from Africa, Asia, and Latin America are more eager than ever to work with the NDB or the AIIB. Meanwhile, new players such as Sovereign Wealth Funds are reshaping financial markets, through their weights and influence in global markets. The book looks to enhance understanding of the real markets of international finance and proposes ways to bring the old and new players together in this sand-shifting world of international finance.
Economic growth and development critically depends on the quality of infrastructure. Each aspect of the economy and its infrastructure are linked systemically. Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) are increasingly being promoted as the solution to the shortfall in financing needed to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Public-private partnerships enable the public entity to utilize the expertise and efficiencies of the private sector to deliver services and facilities that traditionally have been delivered by the public sector, either through public sector employees or by traditional procurement methods. To be beneficial to all stakeholders, a PPP project requires careful planning, implementation, and strong governance. This book breaks down the steps involved and the traps to circumvent. Despite its globally growing importance, project finance has been somewhat underrepresented in research. This book analyzes project finance from an interdisciplinary perspective—finance, management, and international business—and includes international laws of arbitrage and perspectives of international financial institutions as never endeavored by any previous research projects. The book also includes case studies assessing the relevance of private-public partnerships by comparing the country expectations and the real outcomes. The gap between expectations and results does not necessarily mean that significant progress has not been made. To the contrary, the book suggests that some of the original targets set may have been unrealistic, and that the requisite financial resources—or the financial sector policies that could have generated those resources—may have been lacking.
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