Staphylococcus aureus strains are an important medical infectious agent that causes a wide range of pathogeneses starting from colonization of the skin and mucosal surface to severe pathogenic effects such as septicemia. The mortality and morbidity from this pathogen are challenging issues for the healthcare premises. Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains (MRSA) are causing severe infections due to the genes that are resistant to several antibiotics including methicillin, aminoglycosides, and others. Recently, there have been several reports related to failure of treatment plans caused by MRSA that led to Vancomycin Intermediate Staphylococcus aureus strains (VISA) or, in sporadic cases, resistance to the drug of choice. This book highlights the new areas for the treatment of MRSA using natural products. The implementation of specific products produced by this organism can help the scientist to obtain a new window for treatments such as anticancer chemotherapy, antioxidants, etc.
Primarily intended as a textbook for the undergraduate and postgraduate students of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Biochemistry, this compact and well-organized text now in its Second Edition introduces a chapter on Immunity to Infectious Agents. The book gives complete coverage of all the key topics in modern immunology without excessive detail or theoretical discussion. Each chapter is enriched with numerous well-labelled illustrations. Beginning with an introduction to the immune system including different types of immunity, immunogens and immunoglobulins, this text covers the basic concepts of antigen–antibody interaction and various methods of deter-mining them. It also includes topics on lymphocytes, Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) and its classes, graft rejection, and complement pathways. The book concludes with a description on different types of vaccines, and cytokines which are a group of regulatory proteins. This textbook will also be useful to the students of B.Tech. (Biotechnology). KEY FEATURES : Encompasses the most important topics on HIV and AIDS. Emphasizes the concept of tumour immunology and the therapeutic strategies used against tumours. Discusses autoimmunity, its causes and current therapies. Includes multiple-choice questions at the end of each chapter.
Leishmania parasites plague the mammalian host causing high morbidity and mortality. The parasites persist in the hostile milieu, crippling its defensive arsenal. In the face of mounting resistance to an antiquated drug arsenal, new approaches are urgently desired to keep the infection at bay. Furthermore, to strengthen the leishmaniasis elimination drive, particular emphasis has to be laid on identification of new targets and vaccination strategies. This book gives a brief glimpse of the epidemiology of leishmaniasis, immune evasion, vaccination, and therapeutic modalities that may work by untangling the immunological cross-wires of pathogenic cross-talk. The Conventional treatment and its drawbacks, the prospects of phytotherapy and nanomedicines, are also discussed. The identification of drug targets with the aim of designing inhibitors is also exemplified.
Microbes that elude host's defenses and have developed resistance to the existing antibiotic arsenal continuously invade the human body. Cure for such diseases is inevitable as it may result in high morbidity and mortality, if not properly treated. Vaccination represents the most cost-effective way for disease prevention. Vaccines activate sentinels of the immune system including macrophages and T, B, and dendritic cells to release a battery of effector molecules and cytokines and ward off infection. For long-lasting protection, the memory cells also need to be evoked. This book encompasses biotechnological vaccines in clinical use, cocooning, disease resurgence postvaccination and other vaccine adverse effects, prospects of therapeutic versus prophylactic vaccines, and design of effective vaccines using bioinformatic tools and engineering molecular pattern interactions.
Staphylococcus aureus strains are an important medical infectious agent that causes a wide range of pathogeneses starting from colonization of the skin and mucosal surface to severe pathogenic effects such as septicemia. The mortality and morbidity from this pathogen are challenging issues for the healthcare premises. Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains (MRSA) are causing severe infections due to the genes that are resistant to several antibiotics including methicillin, aminoglycosides, and others. Recently, there have been several reports related to failure of treatment plans caused by MRSA that led to Vancomycin Intermediate Staphylococcus aureus strains (VISA) or, in sporadic cases, resistance to the drug of choice. This book highlights the new areas for the treatment of MRSA using natural products. The implementation of specific products produced by this organism can help the scientist to obtain a new window for treatments such as anticancer chemotherapy, antioxidants, etc.
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