The development and use of medical and dental materials are highly interdisciplinary endeavors which require expertise in chemistry, materials science, medicine and/or dentistry, mechanics and design engineering. The Symposium upon which this treatise is based was organized to bring members from these communities together to explore problems of mutual interest. The biomaterials which are used in medical or dental prostheses must not only exhibit structural stability and provide the desired function, but they must also perform over extended periods of time in the environment of the body. The latter is a very stringent requirement. The oral and other physiological environments are designed by nature to break down many organic substances. Also of importance is the requirement that materials used in the prosthesis not have a deleterious effect on body tissues. Most foreign (to the body) substances are somewhat toxic to human tissues; in fact, few factors are more limiting in the medical prosthesis field than the biocompatibility problem. Some of these problems and the attempts to solve them are discussed in this volume.
Discussing the systemic immune response in the contexts of health, disease, and therapy, this unique resource-the only broadly based book of its kind available on the subject-offers comprehensive examinations of the pathways and agents that affect the human immune response and provides state-of-the-art presentations on practical methods of immune modulation. Focuses on the immune response and modulation in infectious diseases, such as HIV, hepatitis, and parasitic infections and highlights immune modulating agents in gastrointestinal diseases, sepsis, cancer, and autoimmunity! Written by over 50 international authorities representing distinguished institutions in nine countries, Immune Modulating Agents introduces basic immunoregulatory mechanisms as homeostasis details cytokines, cellular and humoral immune responses, and hematopoiesis describes neuroendocrine - immune system interactions and the role of psychological stress on immune competence delineates factors that influence disease susceptibility, including nutrition covers drug delivery systems, gene therapy, organ transplantation, arthritis treatment, and vaccination strategies shows how to design clinical trials using immune modulating agents and more!
A valuable reference tool for professionals involved in the industry, Drug Metabolism in Pharmaceuticals covers new tools such as LC-MS and LC-MS-NMR along with experimental aspects of drug metabolism. This work fills a gap in the literature by covering the concepts and applications of pharmaceutical research, development, and assessment from the point of view of drug metabolism. By providing both a solid conceptual understanding of the drug metabolism system, and a well illustrated, detailed demonstration and explanation of cutting edge tools and techniques, this book serves as a valuable reference tool for bench scientists, medical students, and students of general health sciences.
This book presents both the fundamentals concepts and latestachievements of a field that is growing in importance since itrepresents a possible solution for global energy problems. It focuses on an atomic-level understanding ofheterogeneous catalysis involved in important energy conversionprocesses. It presents a concise picture for the entire areaof heterogeneous catalysis with vision at the atomic- and nano-scales, from synthesis, ex-situ and in-situ characterization,catalytic activity and selectivity, to mechanistic understandingbased on experimental exploration and theoretical simulation. The book: Addresses heterogeneous catalysis, one of the crucialtechnologies employed within the chemical and energyindustries Presents the recent advances in the synthesis andcharacterization of nanocatalysts as well as a mechanisticunderstanding of catalysis at atomic level for important processesof energy conversion Provides a foundation for the potential design ofrevolutionarily new technical catalysts and thus the furtherdevelopment of efficient technologies for the global energyeconomy Includes both theoretical studies and experimentalexploration Is useful as both a textbook for graduate and undergraduatestudents and a reference book for scientists and engineers inchemistry, materials science, and chemical engineering
Wilkins' Clinical Practice of the Dental Hygienist, Fourteenth Edition progresses through crucial topics in dental hygiene in a straightforward format to ensure students develop the knowledge and skills they need for successful, evidence-based practice in today's rapidly changing oral health care environment. This cornerstone text, used in almost every dental hygiene education program in the country, has been meticulously updated by previous co-authors, Linda Boyd, and Lisa Mallonee to even better meet the needs of today's students and faculty, while reflecting the current state of practice in dental hygiene. Maintaining the hallmark outline format, the Fourteenth Edition continues to offer the breadth and depth of coverage necessary not only for foundation courses bur for use throughout the entire dental hygiene curriculum.
How can we build back truth online? Here’s how. How can we build back truth online? In this book, researcher Leslie F. Stebbins provides solutions for repairing our existing social media platforms and building better ones that prioritize value over profit, strengthen community ties, and promote access to trustworthy information. Stebbins provides a road map with six paths forward to understand how platforms are designed to exploit us, how we can learn to embrace agency in our interactions with digital spaces, how to build tools to reduce harmful practices, how platform companies can prioritize the public good, how we can repair journalism, and how to strengthen curation to promote trusted content and create new, healthier digital public squares. New, experimental models that are ethically designed to build community and promote trustworthy content are having some early successes. We know that human social networks—online and off—magnify whatever they are seeded with. They are not neutral. We also know that to repair our systems we need to repair their design. We are being joined in the fight by some of the best and brightest minds of our current generation as they flee big tech companies in search of vocations that value integrity and public values. The problem of misinformation is not insurmountable. We can fix this.
Psychology is of interest to academics from many fields, as well as to the thousands of academic and clinical psychologists and general public who can't help but be interested in learning more about why humans think and behave as they do. This award-winning twelve-volume reference covers every aspect of the ever-fascinating discipline of psychology and represents the most current knowledge in the field. This ten-year revision now covers discoveries based in neuroscience, clinical psychology's new interest in evidence-based practice and mindfulness, and new findings in social, developmental, and forensic psychology.
With the 13th edition, Wintrobe’s Clinical Hematology once again bridges the gap between the clinical practice of hematology and the basic foundations of science. Broken down into eight parts, this book provides readers with a comprehensive overview of: Laboratory Hematology, The Normal Hematologic System, Transfusion Medicine, Disorders of Red Cells, Hemostasis and Coagulation; Benign Disorders of Leukocytes, The Spleen and/or Immunoglobulins; Hematologic Malignancies, and Transplantation. Within these sections, there is a heavy focus on the morphological exam of the peripheral blood smear, bone marrow, lymph nodes, and other tissues. With the knowledge about gene therapy and immunotherapy expanding, new, up-to-date information about the process and application of these therapies is included. Likewise, the editors have completely revised material on stem cell transplantation in regards to both malignant and benign disorders, graft versus host disease, and the importance of long-term follow-up of transplantation survivors.
The Role of Selenium in Nutrition reviews the most pertinent scientific literature dealing with the basic aspects of the present understanding of the roles of selenium (Se) in nutrition and health. The book begins with a general discussion of Se, covering its various forms, chemistry and physical properties, and techniques for Se analysis. This is followed by separate chapters on the environmental aspects of Se, including its presence in mineral deposits, soils, water, air, and uptake by plants; Se contents of human foods and animal feedstuffs; biological utilization of dietary Se; and absorption, excretion, metabolism, and tissue concentrations of Se. Subsequent chapters deal with the biochemical functions of Se; Se-related diseases of animals and livestock; the role of Se in human health and in support of normal immune function and disease resistance; and the relationship of Se and cancer. The final chapter reviews the evidence concerning the toxicity of Se compounds and sets this in perspective with current knowledge of the roles of Se in nutrition and health, and of the normal exposures of animals and humans to Se compounds.
This unique compilation of chapters reviews a broad range of topics at the cutting edge of hearing research. The authors include many of the top auditory scientists in the world as well as some of the brightest rising stars. Although the book obviously focuses on the exciting, revolutionary work being done with mice, the authors have made a strong
A masterful study of one of the bloodiest slave rebellions in the history of the Old South. In August 1831, in Southampton County, Virginia, Nat Turner led a bloody uprising that took the lives of some fifty-five white people—men, women, and children—shocking the South. Nearly as many black people, all told, perished in the rebellion and its aftermath. Nat Turner and the Rising in Southampton County presents important new evidence about the violence and the community in which it took place, shedding light on the insurgents and victims and reinterpreting the most important account of that event, The Confessions of Nat Turner. Drawing upon largely untapped sources, David F. Allmendinger Jr. reconstructs the lives of key individuals who were drawn into the uprising and shows how the history of certain white families and their slaves—reaching back into the eighteenth century—shaped the course of the rebellion. Never before has anyone so patiently examined the extensive private and public sources relating to Southampton as does Allmendinger in this remarkable work. He argues that the plan of rebellion originated in the mind of a single individual, Nat Turner, who concluded between 1822 and 1826 that his own masters intended to continue holding slaves into the next generation. Turner specifically chose to attack households to which he and his followers had connections. The book also offers a close analysis of his Confessions and the influence of Thomas R. Gray, who wrote down the original text in November 1831. The author draws new conclusions about Turner and Gray, their different motives, the authenticity of the confession, and the introduction of terror as a tactic, both in the rebellion and in its most revealing document. Students of slavery, the Old South, and African American history will find in Nat Turner and the Rising in Southampton County an outstanding example of painstaking research and imaginative family and community history.
Written by two prominent figures in radio astronomy, this well-established, graduate-level textbook is a thorough introduction to radio telescopes and techniques. It is an invaluable overview for students and researchers turning to radio astronomy for the first time. The first half of the book describes how radio telescopes work - from basic antennas and single aperture dishes through to full aperture-synthesis arrays. It includes reference material on the fundamentals of astrophysics and observing techniques. The second half of the book reviews radio observations of our galaxy, stars, pulsars, radio galaxies, quasars, and the cosmic microwave background. This third edition describes the applications of fundamental techniques to newly developing radio telescopes, including ATA, LOFAR, MWA, SKA, and ALMA, which all require an understanding of aspects specific to radio astronomy. Two entirely new chapters now cover cosmology, from the fundamental concepts to the most recent results of WMAP.
Binding of various ligands (hormones, neurotransmitters, immunological stimuli) to membrane receptors induces the following changes: 1. Receptor redistribution (clustering, "capping") 2. Conformational changes that can be detected by fluorescent probes 3. Alteration in membrane fluidity (spin label and fluorescence polarization probes) 4. Changes in fluxes of ions and metabolites 5. Increased phospholipid turnover (especially of phosphatidyl inositol) 6. Activation of membrane-bound enzymes (adenyl cyclase, ATPase, transmethylases). Some of the early changes resulting from or associated with the binding (adsorption) of virions to the host cell membrane are of the same type. Adsorption of animal viruses to cells is the ftrst step in a chain of events resulting in the production of progeny virus on the one hand and in damage to cells and tissues on the other. In the classical studies of viral infection, cells are adsorbed with virus, usually for 60 min, and the changes induced by the virus in the host cell are recorded thereafter. In the past decade, more and more studies have been aimed at the events occurring in these ftrst 60 min of the so-called adsorption period. These studies deal with the nature of adsorption, e. g. , the ligand-receptor type of interaction between the virus and the cell membrane. Many receptors for viruses were identifted and so were the viral proteins which take part in adsorption.
Collecting an extensive amount of information from thousands of publications by leading investigators in this rapidly developing field, this book provides a convenient and up-to-date one volume source for research in neural tumors of various cellular origins. With over 3,500 references, 110 figures and 120 tables, this volume gathers an astonishing body of knowledge regarding human neural tumors. This book is the first of its kind, encyclopedic and wide-ranging.
Now in its revised, updated Fifth Edition, The Cleveland Clinic Intensive Review of Internal Medicine offers thorough preparation for board certification and recertification exams in internal medicine. It is written by distinguished Cleveland Clinic faculty and serves as the syllabus for the Cleveland Clinic's esteemed internal medicine board review course. Clinical vignettes and bulleted lists throughout the book highlight key clinical points. This edition also includes boxed "Points to Remember". Board simulations appear at the end of each section. An updated mock board exam containing over 200 multiple-choice questions appears at the end of the book. A companion Website will offer an interactive question bank with 200 additional questions.
At the crossing of centuries, it is very important to review the main problems and research in theoretical physics. This was the purpose of the International Workshop on Frontiers of Theoretical Physics, allowing the interchange of ideas among people with different expertise. The proceedings can be divided into two parts: (1) general view talks about string, particle physics, nuclear physics, etc. given by Profs. T Yoneya, M Kobayazhi, A Sanda, Z Li and F Sakata; (2) research related to many important fields, such as quantum field theory, string theory, particle physics, condensed matter physics, nuclear physics and mathematical physics. Contents: Aspects of Current Particle Physics (M Kobayashi); CP Violation Past, Present and Future (A I Sanda); Nonlinear Science in Nuclear Physics (F Sakata); String Theory OCo Where are We Now? (T Yoneya); The Descent Equation of Noncommutative Differential Geometry on Lattice (K Wu); Supersymmetry for Flavors (C Liu); Quantization on Manifolds and Induced Gauge Potentials (Y Ohnuki); Chiral Lagrangian in QCD (Q Wang & Z-M Wang); and other papers. Readership: Graduate students and researchers in theoretical physics.
The premier reference on obstetrics practice for nearly a century, the new Twenty-Second Edition is the ideal text for anyone who provides maternal and fetal health care. Now offering state-of-the-art diagnostic ultrasound images throughout, Williams Obstetrics maintains its strong, evidence-based approach. Rigorously referenced and clearly written, Williams' hallmarks are thoroughness, scientific basis, and practical applicability for the obstetrician at the bedside. The world-renowned management guidelines and recommendations have been thoroughly updated through analysis of the scientific literature. This is the only book providing coverage sufficient for the needs of all practicing physicians and residents in board preparation and training. New features include: • NEW STATE-OF-THE-ART ULTRASOUND IMAGES integrated throughout for easier diagnostic confirmation • COMPLETELY REVISED BASIC SCIENCE SECTIONS for greater usefulness in daily practice • NEW CHAPTERS on hot topics: prior cesarean delivery; gestational trophoblastic disease; obesity; thromboembolism; and liver disease • THOROUGHLY UPDATED CHAPTERS on evolving areas: fetal development; placental disorders; and infectious diseases • UPDATED GUIDELINES and STANDARDS of CARE reflecting the current scope of practice
In 1939, George Gallup's American Institute of Public Opinion published a pamphlet optimistically titled The New Science of Public Opinion Measurement. At the time, though, survey research was in its infancy, and only now, six decades later, can public opinion measurement be appropriately called a science, based in part on the development of the total survey error approach. Herbert F. Weisberg's handbook presents a unified method for conducting good survey research centered on the various types of errors that can occur in surveys—from measurement and nonresponse error to coverage and sampling error. Each chapter is built on theoretical elements drawn from specific disciplines, such as social psychology and statistics, and follows through with detailed treatments of the specific types of error and their potential solutions. Throughout, Weisberg is attentive to survey constraints, including time and ethical considerations, as well as controversies within the field and the effects of new technology on the survey process—from Internet surveys to those completed by phone, by mail, and in person. Practitioners and students will find this comprehensive guide particularly useful now that survey research has assumed a primary place in both public and academic circles.
This book describes advanced epitaxial growth and self-aligned processing techniques for the fabrication of III-V semiconductor devices such as heterojunction bipolar transistors and high electron mobility transistors. It is the first book to describe the use of carbon-doping and low damage dry etching techniques that have proved indispensable in making reliable, high performance devices. These devices are used in many applications such as cordless telephones and high speed lightwave communication systems.
In a field where even experts may find that years have elapsed since they last encountered a child with a given disorder, it is essential for the clinician to have a comprehensive source of practical and highly illustrated information covering the whole spectrum of metabolic disease to refer to. The content is divided into sections of related disorders, including disorders of amino acid metabolism, lipid storage disorders, and mitochondrial diseases for ease of reference, with an introductory outline where appropriate summarizing the biochemical features and general management issues. Within the sections, each chapter deals with an individual disease, opening with a useful summary of major phenotypic expression including clear and helpful biochemical pathways, identifying for the reader exactly where the defect occurs. Throughout the book, plentiful photographs, often showing extremely rare disorders, are an invaluable aid to diagnosis. Key Features • Fully updated to incorporate all new developments in the field • Brand new chapters cover methylmalonic aciduria of ACSF3 deficiency, branched chain keto acid dehydrogenase deficiency, serine deficiencies, purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency, antiquitin deficiency, and others • Excellent and detailed clinical descriptions, with numerous valuable hints and suggestions for management • Helpful explanatory algorithms and decision trees, and high-quality illustrative material including biochemical pathways and an unrivaled photographic collection, which enhance clinical applicability The fourth edition of this highly regarded book, authored by two of the foremost authorities in pediatric metabolic medicine, continues to provide incomparable insight into the problems associated with metabolic diseases and remains invaluable to pediatricians, geneticists, and general clinicians worldwide.
Functions of a complex variable are used to solve applications in various branches of mathematics, science, and engineering. Functions of a Complex Variable: Theory and Technique is a book in a special category of influential classics because it is based on the authors' extensive experience in modeling complicated situations and providing analytic solutions. The book makes available to readers a comprehensive range of these analytical techniques based upon complex variable theory. Advanced topics covered include asymptotics, transforms, the Wiener-Hopf method, and dual and singular integral equations. The authors provide many exercises, incorporating them into the body of the text. Audience: intended for applied mathematicians, scientists, engineers, and senior or graduate-level students who have advanced knowledge in calculus and are interested in such subjects as complex variable theory, function theory, mathematical methods, advanced engineering mathematics, and mathematical physics.
This clinical reference for practitioners offers a new and comprehensive look at chronic obstructive lung disease. Global in scale and importance, it is an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Bringing together a roster of internationally renowned contributors from the front lines of pulmonary medicine and research, it is aimed at practitioners in pulmonary medicine, pathology, thoracic radiology and epidemiology. Its focus is on the pathobiology of chronic obstructive pathology disease and emphysema and its exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and on treatment options. This reference works to 'connect the dots' by collating and centralizing the various data on the subject.
Interviewing has become the window on the world of experience for both researchers and professionals. But as familiar as interviewing is now, its seemingly straightforward methodology raises more questions than ever. What is the interviewer's image of those who are being interviewed? Who is the interviewer in the eyes of the respondent? From where do interviewers obtain questions and respondents get the answers that they communicate in interviews? How do the institutional auspices of interviewing shape interview data? Drawing upon leading experts from a wide range of disciplines to address these and related questions, The Handbook of Interviewing offers a comprehensive examination of the interview at the cutting edge of information technology in the context of a challenging postmodern environment. Encyclopedic in its breadth, the Handbook provides extensive discussions of the conceptual and methodological issues surrounding interview practice in relation to forms of interviewing, new technology, diverse data gathering and analytic strategies, and the various ways interviewing relates to distinctive respondents. The Handbook is also a story that spins a particular tale that moves from the commonly recognized individual interview as an instrument for gathering data to reflections on the interview as an integral part of the information we gather about individuals and society.
Ariadne's Thread is a mini-encyclopedia of more than a hundred such international oral tales, all present in the literature of ancient Greece and Rome. It takes into account writings, including early Jewish and Christian literature, recorded in or translated into Greek or Latin by writers of any nationality. As a result, this book will be invaluable not only to classicists and folklorists but also to a wide range of other readers who are interested in stories and storytelling."--BOOK JACKET.
Although the history of organ transplant has its roots in ancient Christian mythology, it is only in the past fifty years that body parts from a dead person have successfully been procured and transplanted into a living person. After fourteen years, the three main issues that Robert Veatch first outlined in his seminal study Transplantation Ethics still remain: deciding when human beings are dead; deciding when it is ethical to procure organs; and deciding how to allocate organs, once procured. However, much has changed. Enormous strides have been made in immunosuppression. Alternatives to the donation model are debated much more openly—living donors are used more widely and hand and face transplants have become more common, raising issues of personal identity. In this second edition of Transplantation Ethics, coauthored by Lainie F. Ross, transplant professionals and advocates will find a comprehensive update of this critical work on transplantation policies.
Musculoskeletal Disorders Hands-on guidance and tools for the prevention of musculoskeletal injuries in the workplace In Musculoskeletal Disorders: The Fatigue Failure Mechanism, a team of accomplished occupational health experts delivers an essential and incisive discussion of how musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) develop and progress, as well as how they can be prevented and controlled. Offering a novel, evidence-based approach to this costly problem, the book has broad implications for employers, insurers, and other stakeholders in workplace health and safety. The authors identify new risk assessment approaches based on the cumulative effects of exposure to highly variable loading conditions. These new approaches can also be applied to evaluate the efficacy of job rotation scenarios and to quantify exoskeleton efficacy. The complexities associated with fatigue failure in biological environments are also explored in addition to suggested models for understanding how the body maintains musculoskeletal homeostasis. Readers will also find: Thorough introductions to the material properties of musculoskeletal tissues and the fundamental principles of fatigue failure analysis In-depth explorations of the structure and function of the musculoskeletal system and up-to-date epidemiological research on MSDs Comprehensive discussions of validated fatigue failure risk assessment methods, including continuous exposure assessment to better quantify injury risk Insightful treatments of remodeling and healing processes as they apply to MSD risk, as well as factors that impair the healing process, like stress, obesity, and aging Perfect for occupational and environmental health and safety (OEHS) professionals, Musculoskeletal Disorders: The Fatigue Failure Mechanism will also earn a place in the libraries of ergonomists, physical therapists, biomechanists, industrial hygienists, occupational physicians, orthopedists, and musculoskeletal disorder researchers.
Chemical Induction of Cancer: Structural Bases and Biological Mechanisms Volume IIIA deals with the organic and biochemical principles behind cancer. This volume contains the continuation of Volume IIA, which tackles structure-activity relationships of chemical carcinogens, the effect of chemical reactivity, molecular geometry, and metabolism on carcinogenic activity. Under this is non-conjugated organic compounds. The text is recommended for doctors, organic chemists, and biochemists with an advanced knowledge in biochemistry and organic chemistry and would like to know more the biochemical processes of cancer.
Dark matter remains one of the central mysteries in modern physics, although modern astronomical observations and particle physics experiments are providing vital clues in uncovering its true nature. The Dark2007 Conference brought together world-leading researchers in both astrophysics and particle physics, providing them with an opportunity to present their latest results and engage in discussion on their meaning and future direction. This book is important in its field, as it provides a vital snapshot of the seemingly disparate areas of dark matter research and provides an overview of current ideas and future directions.
This volume in the Foundations in Diagnostic Pathology Series packs today's most essential pulmonary pathology into a compact, high-yield format! It covers both common and rare neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases of the lung and pleura and focuses primarily on diagnosis with correlations to clinical and radiographic characteristics. Its pragmatic, well-organized approach, abundant full-color illustrations, and at-a-glance boxes and tables make the information you need easy to access. Practical and affordable, this resource is ideal for study and review as well as everyday clinical practice! Detailed discussions on today’s technologies help you select the best test for case evaluation. Chapters devoted to the techniques used in the assessment of pulmonary diseases, including immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescnece, and certain clinical laboratory tests offer you a better understanding of techniques and their application for the diagnosis of lung disease. Internationally recognized pathologists convey the most current information, keeping you on the cusp of your field. More than 800 photomicrographs and gross photographs—most in full color—present important pathologic features, enabling you to form a differential diagnosis and compare your findings with actual cases. Uses a consistent, user-friendly format, including at-a-glance boxes and tables for easy reference.
Volume 161 of Zoologica reviews and analyses the evolution and phylogeny of bees. It is subdivided into two parts Part One: A Preamble to the Evolution and Phylogeny of Bees provides a complete and critical review of all previous attempts to reconstruct the phylogenetic tree of bees (Anthophila / Apiformes) based on morphological, bionomic and molecular approaches and pre- sented in chronological sequence up to and including recent publications. At the same time, the introductory part examines trends in the classification of bees and compares available hypotheses of bee evolution. Part One closes with a family-wise delineation of the fossil history of bees. Part Two: A Phylogenetic Study of Bees in Light of Morphological Evidence adds an experimental study to complement the bibliographical analysis provided in Part One. The phylogenetic relationships of the larger taxonomic units of bees are tested anew using an extensive dataset of selected morphological features. The study uses all common and current computer-aided techniques of cladistic analysis (parsimony, successive/implied weight, Bayesian and neighbor-joining), which are applied to representatives of all seven families, 22 subfamilies and 48 of 58 tribes of bees. The conclusions drawn from this are evaluated for the major groups (i.e., short-tongued and long-tongued bees), and separately for the families, subfamilies and tribes in each case. In a world currently dominated by molecular genetic approaches to phylogeny, this study clearly demonstrates that it is not anachronistic to engage in morphological efforts, because progress can be significantly advanced and the pool of available scientific arguments enriched. The diversity of the object of investigation justifies a variety of methods. This monograph is a much needed reference work of high practical value for all students of bee evolution, phylogeny and morphology. Further, it is ideally suited as good introductory reading material for university level students.
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