Robust statistics is an extension of classical statistics that specifically takes into account the concept that the underlying models used to describe data are only approximate. Its basic philosophy is to produce statistical procedures which are stable when the data do not exactly match the postulated models as it is the case for example with outliers. Robust Methods in Biostatistics proposes robust alternatives to common methods used in statistics in general and in biostatistics in particular and illustrates their use on many biomedical datasets. The methods introduced include robust estimation, testing, model selection, model check and diagnostics. They are developed for the following general classes of models: Linear regression Generalized linear models Linear mixed models Marginal longitudinal data models Cox survival analysis model The methods are introduced both at a theoretical and applied level within the framework of each general class of models, with a particular emphasis put on practical data analysis. This book is of particular use for research students,applied statisticians and practitioners in the health field interested in more stable statistical techniques. An accompanying website provides R code for computing all of the methods described, as well as for analyzing all the datasets used in the book.
Does the inheritance of acquired characteristics play a significant role in evolution? In this book, Eva Jablonka and Marion J. Lamb attempt to answer that question with an original, provocative exploration of the nature and origin of hereditary variations. Starting with a historical account of Lamarck's ideas and the reasons they have fallen in disrepute, the authors go on to challenge the prevailing assumption that all heritable variation is random and the result of variation in DNA base sequences. They also detail recent breakthroughs in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying inheritance--including several pathways not envisioned by classical population genetics--and argue that these advances need to be more fully incorporated into mainstream evolutionary theory. Throughout, the book offers a new look at the evidence for and against the hereditability of environmentally induced changes, and addresses timely questions about the importance of non-Mendelian inheritance. A glossary and extensive list of references round out the book. Urging a reconsideration of the present DNA-centric view prevalent in the field, Epigentic Inheritance and Evolution will make fascinating and important reading for students and researchers in evolution, genetics, ecology, molecular biology, developmental biology, and the history and philosophy of science.
This book is a small part of the research results with the theme of cultural-based community empowerment in the tourism context. This research was conducted at Harapan Island and Kelapa Dua Island. Both islands are part of the Kepulauan National Park. These two islands were chosen as research locations because the islands have a community with a distinctive culture, namely the “Pulo” Community (on Bugis Island) and the Bugis Community (on Kelapa Dua Island). This research was conducted to identify whether tourism development in the Kepulauan Seribu National Park could provide economic benefits for the people of the two islands. In addition, this study was also conducted to identify the effect of community involvement in tourism on people’s perceptions regarding the economic impact they feel. The aspect of community involvement is important to study because many researchers say that one of the factors that can increase the acceptance of benefits by the community is by being involved in its activities. This is important so that all relevant stakeholders can design the approriate strategy in increasing the economic benefits that can be received by local communities from tourism development that occurs in their area. This book consists of 6 chapters consisting of an introductory chapter; a research methods chapter; a chapter on literature review related to community empowerment and tourism development; a chapter explaining the general condition of the research location, a chapter on results and discussion, and a conclusion chapter.
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