The translations of the Egyptian hymns and religious texts printed in this and the two following volumes form a representative collection of the various compositions which the Egyptian inscribed upon the walls of tombs and sarcophagi, coffins and funeral stelae, papyri and amulets, etc., in order to ensure the well-being of their dead in the world beyond the grave. These translations first appeared in the third volume of my work on The Book of The Dead, which was published under the title "The Chapters of Coming Forth by Day" at the end of the year 1897, where they seemed to be a necessary accompaniment to the edition of the hieroglyphic texts of Theban Recension and the hieroglyphic vocabulary thereto. The demand for that bulky and comparatively expensive work proved that it filled a want, but soon after its appearance frequent requests were made that the English translation might be issued in a smaller and handier form.
Of all the magical works written in Ethiopic and Amharic which have come down to us, the most curious and the most interesting from an archaeological point of view is the little book of LEFAFA SEDEK, which title I have translated by "Bandlet of Righteousness
Noted Egyptologist offers concise, learned exposition of central Egyptian concept of immortality. Belief in Osiris, god of resurrection, other "gods" of Egyptians, judgment of the dead, more. 8 illustrations.
Egyptian magic dates from the time when the predynastic and prehistoric dwellers in Egypt believed that the earth, and the underworld, and the air, and the sky were peopled with countless beings, visible and invisible, which were held to be friendly or unfriendly to man according as the operations of nature, which they were supposed to direct, were favourable or unfavourable to him. In -nature and attributes these beings were thought by primitive man to closely resemble himself and to possess all human passions, and emotions, and weaknesses, and defects; and the chief object of magic was to give man the pre-eminence over such beings. The favour of the beings who were placable and friendly to man might be obtained by means of gifts and offerings, but the cessation of hostilities on the part of those that were implacable and unfriendly could only be obtained by wheedling, and cajolery, and flattery, or by making use of an amulet, or secret name, or magical formula, or figure, or picture which had the effect of bringing to the aid of the mortal who possessed it the power of a being that was mightier than the foe who threatened to do evil to him. The magic of most early nations aimed at causing the transference of power from a supernatural being to man, whereby he was to be enabled to obtain superhuman results and to become for a time as mighty as the original possessor of the power; but the object of Egyptian magic was to endow man with the means of compelling both friendly and hostile powers, nay, at a later time, even God Himself, to do what he wished, whether the were willing or not. The belief in magic, the word being used in its best sense, is older in Egypt than the belief in God, and it is certain that a very large number of the Egyptian religious ceremonies, which were performed in later times as an integral part of a highly spiritual worship, had their origin in superstitious customs which date from a period when God, under any name or in any form, was unconceived in the minds of the Egyptians. Indeed it is probable that even the use of the sign which represents an axe, and which stands the hieroglyphic character both for God and "god," indicates that this weapon and. tool was employed in the performance of some ceremony connected with religious magic in prehistoric, or at any rate in predynastic times, when it in some mysterious way symbolized the presence of a supreme Power. But be this as it may, it is quite certain that magic and religion developed and flourished side by side in Egypt throughout all periods of her history, and that any investigation which we may make of the one necessarily includes an examination of the other.
The author begins with a history of ancient Egypt and a list of its kings, and then plunges into the daily life of the people from the cradle to the grave and beyond - their manners and customs, trade and commerce, their literature and religious beliefs. Dr. Budge examines the Egyptian family and school, the furniture, jewelry, food and drink of the household, Egyptian society, Egyptians at work and play, the Egyptian religions and its temples, its numerous gods and priests, Egyptian writing, literature and knowledge of medicine, astrology and alchemy. The book concludes with the Egyptian dead, Heaven and Hell, and the future life.
Fascinating extracts from The Book of the Dead, legends of the gods, historical and autobiographical literature, tales of travel and adventure, poetical compositions, much more.
9 of the most interesting Egyptian legends in hieroglyphic texts with literal translations on facing pages. The Legend of Creation, The Legend of the Destruction of Mankind, 7 more. 19 illustrations.
Volume 1 of the most comprehensive, scholarly work on Osiris. Includes translations of numerous texts, reproductions of classical Egyptian art-iconography, the Heaven of Osiris, liturgy, shrines and mysteries, funeral and burial practices, human sacrifice, judge of the dead, links between Osiris worship and African religions, much more.
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