The world is now home to more than 7.5 billion people, and the population is growing faster than ever before. Many experts have questioned whether Earth can sustain this growing population, or whether famine and water shortages are an inevitable result. Middle school readers will discover all the challenges in food and water production that humans face today, and learn about global efforts to battle the threat of food shortages. Full-color photographs, sidebars, and a glossary aid in their understanding of the issue.
There are more than sixteen thousand nuclear weapons in the world today, almost all of them significantly more powerful than the two atomic bombs that killed as many as 240,000 people in Japan during World War II. With the aid of sidebars, full-color images, and a glossary, young readers will learn about the history of modern nuclear weapons, from the Manhattan Project and the standoff of the Cold War to the recent concerns surrounding nuclear programs in Iran and North Korea. This book also examines protections that have been put in place to prevent nuclear confrontation on a global scale.
For as long as prisons have existed, people have asked what role they should play in our society. Should they be solely dedicated to punishing those who have broken the law, or do they also have a role to play in the rehabilitation of criminals, so they can contribute more productively when they return to society? This book looks at prison conditions and the American criminal justice system to help readers gain a deeper understanding of how prisoners are treated, while weighing what some argue are necessary changes to today's prisons. Sidebars, a glossary, and full-color photographs aid students in more fully comprehending the many sides of this ongoing debate.
As internet use and global connectivity have skyrocketed, so too has identity theft. Even though hundreds of millions of people are affected every year by this crime, it remains unclear whose role it is to promote cybersecurity and investigate and prosecute identity theft in the United States. This book explains how identity theft, data breaches, and fraud occur, how to protect oneself against these threats, and what obstacles U.S. law enforcement faces as it seeks to fight back. Full-color photographs, a glossary, and sidebars help readers comprehend this complex issue, which is more pressing than ever for children and young adults.
Over the course of human history, torture has been used as an instrument of war, a means of extracting information, and a mode of punishment. Many argue that it is a necessary weapon in times of war. Others insist that it constitutes cruel and unusual punishment, violates human rights laws, and fails to extract trustworthy information. This book dives into the debate over torture from all sides, using examples from recent history as well as sidebars, full-color photographs, and a glossary designed to improve young adults' understanding of this controversial topic.
Genocide is the deliberate murder of a racial, ethnic, tribal, national, or religious group. It is one of the world's most horrifying crimes, yet the role that the international community should play when a genocide is underway remains unclear. Are other nations obligated to step in when a genocide is taking place? If so, what signals that it's time to step in? This book looks back at some of the most reprehensible acts of genocide in human history to gain a better understanding of what interventions have taken place in the past, and to what extent they have helped. Sidebars, full-color photographs, and a glossary help readers gain a deeper understanding of the many sides of this complex issue.
Since before history began, the human species has been waging a war. Viruses have claimed countless lives and have swept through civilizations in deadly pandemics. Certain viruses, such as Ebola, hantavirus, and strains of influenza, still pose a threat today. Some scientists believe that a large outbreak of an extremely deadly infectious disease is likely to occur soon. A virus could either develop naturally or be created by terrorists or hostile states for use as a weapon. This book uses photographs, sidebars, and a glossary to explain the most pressing of these threats we face today, and what individuals and organizations are doing to prevent an outbreak.
When one country or region of the world is facing political upheaval, genocide, or war, what role should the international community play? Should powerful countries such as the United States "police the world," ensuring widespread peace by intervening in such conflicts? Should each nation be responsible for managing its own conflicts? This book delves into the history of armed intervention to explore arguments both for and against military intervention, and to assess when and where it is necessary, if it is necessary at all. Full-color photographs, a glossary, and sidebars aid readers as they explore compelling sides of this debate.
Millions of Americans struggle with poverty every day. The United States prides itself on being the land of opportunity, yet many disagree about why so many Americans have struggled to meet their basic needs. This book looks at the challenges surrounding poverty in America today, and explores the legal, political, social, and economic solutions, including food stamps, Social Security, Medicare, and Medicaid, that have been proposed to remedy the problem. Readers will gain an in-depth understanding of the many factors causing poverty and of how governments and communities can do their part to help those in need. Full-color images and sidebars support this compelling narrative.
Financial meltdowns could leave whole nations destitute, ruin businesses, and cause major social and political upheavals. How likely is it that such a disastrous chain of events could really play out, and what are countries, companies, organizations, and individuals doing to prevent such a scenario? Readers will dive into the complex history of past financial meltdowns, such as the Great Depression and the global financial crisis of 2008, all illustrated with color photographs, sidebars, and a glossary, to learn about all the factors that may contribute to similar disasters in the future.
The last two decades have seen the ever-accelerating development of new technologies, from the internet and software applications to artificial intelligence, drones, and robotics. Alongside these advances, a new global threat has emerged: cyberterrorism. Through full-color photographs, sidebars, and a glossary, students will learn about different types of cyberattacks and cyberterrorists and the real and potential impacts they can have, as well as how nations and individuals are fighting back against this looming threat.
Drug abuse and addiction in the United States has reached the level of an epidemic, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services reports. More than one million incarcerated people suffer from opioid and other addictions, but only one in ten receives addiction treatment. The debate raging around drug abuse today is whether addicts who commit crime should be sent to jail or to treatment. This book investigates the debate on how to confront illegal drug use and abuse in the United States, using full-color photographs and sidebars to offer readers a complex understanding of the many proposed solutions to this problem.
Where to draw the line between church and state in everything from laws and courtrooms to public schools and foreign affairs has been a point of contention throughout American history, a debate between those who believe in a complete separation and those who argue that religion was important to the Founding Fathers and has therefore always been an important part of American culture. This book dives into the foundational documents of the United States, important legal cases, laws governing social behavior, religion in the public schools, and separation of church and state on the international level. Photographs, sidebars, and images of the Constitution and Bill of Rights help readers gain a deeper understanding of the debate from all sides.
In 2010, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act instituted one of the most comprehensive overhauls of the United States health care system in history, with the goal of insuring almost every American. Factions opposed to the law argue that the government should not have a role in providing health care coverage, and that lower-quality care and high costs are the inevitable result. Supporters of universal health care argue that every person has the right to health, and that government has a role to play in protecting this right. This book presents an in-depth overview of the health care debate from every angle, featuring sidebars and photographs that offer insight into questions of who provides and regulates health care and how questions of health coverage have played out in domestic and international politics.
Rising ocean temperatures, melting glaciers, and widespread climate change have caused food shortages, threatened human settlements, and endangered wildlife. Accelerated global warming caused by pollution and the excessive release of greenhouse gases may be the most pressing threat our planet faces today, and it is key that children understand the complexity of this issue from an early age. Readers will learn the science behind global warming with the aid of full-color photographs and charts, a glossary, and sidebars. They will also discover what individuals, nations, and organizations such as the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and the Nature Conservancy can do to save the planet.
Whether immigration helps or hurts the United States economically, socially, and culturally is a complex question that has both troubled and defined North America since the first colonists arrived. At various stages in American history, the country has both welcomed immigrants as the backbone upon which the nation was founded and rejected them because of their religious, cultural, or linguistic background or because of their economic status. This book outlines the legal and social history of immigration to the United States and frames the immigration debate today. Through full-color photographs and insightful sidebars, readers will gain a nuanced understanding of the many factors that continue to define immigration policy.
In 2015, same-sex marriage was declared legal in all fifty states by the Supreme Court. Today, more than two dozen nations around the world have legalized same-sex marriage. However, the debate about whether such marriages should be allowed still rages on, both in the United States and around the globe. In some countries, homosexuality is illegal and those convicted of homosexual acts can even face the death penalty. Some argue that same-sex marriage erodes the institution of marriage or oppose it on religious grounds, while others view the ability to marry as a fundamental right. This book delves into all sides of the debate with the aid of full-color photographs, sidebars, and a glossary designed to improve young adults' understanding of this complex topic.
Millions of people around the world suffer from infertility. For them, the prospect of having a baby may have seemed unattainable just a century ago. However, new technologies have not only made it possible for more people to have children but have also helped parents assess the health of their babies before they're even born. Treatments include artificial insemination, in vitro fertilization, preimplantation genetic diagnosis. and amniocentesis. However, these new treatments have also sparked controversies involving the boundaries of government control, private choice, religious belief, and parental wishes. This book helps readers explore the many sides of this complicated issue. Sidebars, full-color photographs, and a detailed glossary support the narrative.
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