Erik Castello's Books

Text Complexity and Reading Comprehension Tests

By: Erik Castello

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Text Complexity and Reading Comprehension Tests

By: Erik Castello

Based on the analysis of a specially compiled corpus of internationally recognized English as a foreign language (EFL) reading tests at different levels of proficiency, this volume explores the relation between the complexity of written texts and the difficulty of reading comprehension tests. It brings together linguistic investigations into the text-inherent complexity of the tests and a study of the data derived from their administration to groups of Italian university students. The study of text complexity draws on corpus linguistics, text linguistics and systemic functional linguistics. Both quantitative and qualitative analyses are carried out on the language used in the reading texts and in the related tasks that make up the corpus of tests. The assessment of test difficulty, on the other hand, is informed by research on language testing, and, in particular, by findings and methodologies of Classical Test Theory and Item Response Theory. Relevant aspects of these theories are used to analyze and interpret both the data obtained from the administration of the tests and the data collected by means of feedback questionnaires completed by test takers. The application of such diverse methodologies and the subsequent comparison of the results of the analyses has brought out interesting correlations between text-inherent complexity, perceived test difficulty and actual test difficulty.

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Page Count

364

Publisher

Peter Lang

Published Date

ISBN 10

3039117173

ISBN 13

9783039117178

Death in the New World

Cross-Cultural Encounters, 1492-18

By: Erik R. Seeman

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Death in the New World

Cross-Cultural Encounters, 1492-18

By: Erik R. Seeman

Reminders of death were everywhere in the New World, from the epidemics that devastated Indian populations and the mortality of slaves working the Caribbean sugar cane fields to the unfamiliar diseases that afflicted Europeans in the Chesapeake and West Indies. According to historian Erik R. Seeman, when Indians, Africans, and Europeans encountered one another, they could not ignore the similarities in their approaches to death. All of these groups believed in an afterlife to which the soul or spirit traveled after death. As a result all felt that corpses—the earthly vessels for the soul or spirit—should be treated with respect, and all mourned the dead with commemorative rituals. Seeman argues that deathways facilitated communication among peoples otherwise divided by language and custom. They observed, asked questions about, and sometimes even participated in their counterparts' rituals. At the same time, insofar as New World interactions were largely exploitative, the communication facilitated by parallel deathways was often used to influence or gain advantage over one's rivals. In Virginia, for example, John Smith used his knowledge of Powhatan deathways to impress the local Indians with his abilities as a healer as part of his campaign to demonstrate the superiority of English culture. Likewise, in the 1610-1614 war between Indians and English, the Powhatans mutilated English corpses because they knew this act would horrify their enemies. Told in a series of engrossing narratives, Death in the New World is a landmark study that offers a fresh perspective on the dynamics of cross-cultural encounters and their larger ramifications in the Atlantic world.

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Page Count

385

Publisher

University of Pennsylvania Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0812206002

ISBN 13

9780812206005

PFASs in the Nordic environment

Screening of Poly- and Perfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) and Extractable Organic Fluorine (EOF) in the Nordic Environment

By: Anna Kärrman,Thanh Wang,Roland Kallenborn,Anne Marie Langseter,Siri Merete Grønhovd,Erik Magnus Ræder,Jan Ludvig Lyche,Leo Yeung,Fangfang Chen,Ulrika Eriksson,Rudolf Aro,Felicia Fredriksson

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PFASs in the Nordic environment

Screening of Poly- and Perfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) and Extractable Organic Fluorine (EOF) in the Nordic Environment

By: Anna Kärrman,Thanh Wang,Roland Kallenborn,Anne Marie Langseter,Siri Merete Grønhovd,Erik Magnus Ræder,Jan Ludvig Lyche,Leo Yeung,Fangfang Chen,Ulrika Eriksson,Rudolf Aro,Felicia Fredriksson

This report describes a screening study of in all ninety-nine conventional and emerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in the Nordic environment. In addition, extractable organic fluorine (EOF) was analysed. The latter can provide the amount, but not identity, of organofluorine in the samples, which in turn can be used to assess the mass balance between known and unknown PFASs. The study was initiated by the Nordic Screening Group and funded by these and the Nordic Council of Ministers through the Chemicals Group.A total of 102 samples were analyzed in this study, including bird eggs, fish, marine mammals, terrestrial mammals, surface water, WWTP effluents and sludge, and air. Samples were collected by institutes from the participating countries and self-governing areas; Denmark, Faroe Islands, Finland, Greenland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden.

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Page Count

156

Publisher

Nordic Council of Ministers

Published Date

ISBN 10

9289360623

ISBN 13

9789289360623

Image and Relic

Mediating the Sacred in Early Medieval Rome

By: Erik Thunø

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Image and Relic

Mediating the Sacred in Early Medieval Rome

By: Erik Thunø

Revision of the author's thesis (Johns Hopkins University, 1999).

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Page Count

302

Publisher

L'ERMA di BRETSCHNEIDER

Published Date

ISBN 10

8882652173

ISBN 13

9788882652173

Migration and Remittances in Moldova

By: Mr.Milan Cuc,Mr.Erik J. Lundback,Mr.Edgardo Ruggiero

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Migration and Remittances in Moldova

By: Mr.Milan Cuc,Mr.Erik J. Lundback,Mr.Edgardo Ruggiero

Labor migration and remittances, which have increasingly become a part of the global landscape, have profound economic and social consequences. Moldova, a small low-income country where an estimated one-third of the economically active population has been working abroad, is an interesting illustration of this trend. Drawing on household survey data, this Special Issues paper explains why Moldovan workers go abroad and how their remittances are used. With this background, it provides insights into policy challenges of coping with, and maximizing benefits from, international labor mobility and the large inflows of remittances.

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International Monetary Fund

Published Date

ISBN 10

1589064909

ISBN 13

9781589064904

Testing Methods for Seed-transmitted Viruses

Principles and Protocols

By: Sven Erik Albrechtsen

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Testing Methods for Seed-transmitted Viruses

Principles and Protocols

By: Sven Erik Albrechtsen

This book provides a practical guide to the commonly used detection methods for seed-transmitted viruses and viroids affecting both tropical and non-tropical crops. The first part describes important aspects of seed-transmitted viral diseases. The second and main part contains principles of the detection techniques and step-by-step protocols accompanied by method optimization and comments. Most of the described techniques can be equally applied to plant viruses and viroids other than seedborne ones. This book will be of significant interest to those working in seed testing laboratories and students and teachers within plant pathology and seed science.

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Page Count

280

Publisher

CABI

Published Date

ISBN 10

0851990169

ISBN 13

9780851990163

European VAT Law as Interpreted by the Court of Justice

By: Erik Stessens

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European VAT Law as Interpreted by the Court of Justice

By: Erik Stessens

Value added tax (VAT) is often considered the most important development in tax of the past century. Although generally successful – it can account for a large proportion of state revenue – it has spawned its own set of complex problems that require a corresponding set of legal skills to resolve. This book, by systematically drawing out the rules from a thorough analysis of the VAT Directive and as good as every VAT case ever decided by the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) (850 in all), is the ideal day-to-day guide to European VAT law. The rules – and their applications – for such VAT matters as the following are clearly described with examples: distinction between supplies of goods and services for VAT purposes; bundled supplies; intra-Community acquisitions; when tax liability starts and ends; place of supply rules and their exceptions; exemptions in the real estate, finance, and insurance sectors; import and export exemptions; right to deduct VAT; abuse of rights; the problem of incorrect invoices; refund of VAT; and special schemes. An extensive keyword register facilitates navigating the book. Developed from the author’s daily practice as a tax counsel, this book will be of immeasurable value to tax consultants, lawyers, in-house counsel, tax authority officials, and taxation academics, not only in Europe but beyond.

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Page Count

583

Publisher

Kluwer Law International B.V.

Published Date

ISBN 10

9403519061

ISBN 13

9789403519067

Handbook of Inland Aquatic Ecosystem Management

By: Sven Erik Jorgensen,Jose Galizia Tundisi,Takako Matsumura Tundisi

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Handbook of Inland Aquatic Ecosystem Management

By: Sven Erik Jorgensen,Jose Galizia Tundisi,Takako Matsumura Tundisi

Combining background knowledge and practical tools, Handbook of Inland Aquatic Ecosystem Management gives you an overview of how to manage inland waters in a holistic manner. It examines the problems that threaten aquatic inland water ecosystems and presents a set of toolboxes for solving them. The book focuses on lakes, reservoirs, ponds, rivers, wetlands, lagoons, and estuaries, including the predominant freshwater ecosystems as well as saline and brackish ecosystems. Understand Ecosystem Properties and Ecological Processes The book consists of two parts. The first part reviews the basic scientific knowledge needed in the environmental and ecological management of aquatic ecosystems, from limnology and ecology of inland water ecosystems to environmental physics and chemistry. It emphasizes the interacting processes that characterize all inland aquatic ecosystems and explains the scientific considerations behind the conservation principles and their applications. Define the Problems and Quantify Their Sources The second part of the book presents toolboxes that you can apply to achieve more holistic environmental and ecological management. After an overview of the environmental problems of inland aquatic ecosystems and their sources, the book examines toolboxes to help you identify the problem, namely mass balances, ecological indicators, and ecological models. It also discusses toolboxes that can be used to find an environmental management solution to the problem: environmental technology, cleaner technology, and ecotechnology. Integrate Science and Practical Toolboxes to Manage Inland Waters More Effectively This book shows you how to integrate biology, ecology, limnology, and chemistry with the toolboxes in an up-to-date, multidisciplinary approach to environmental management. It provides a powerful framework for identifying ecological mechanisms that interact with global environmental problems threatening inland aquatic ecosystems.

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Page Count

439

Publisher

CRC Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

1439845255

ISBN 13

9781439845257

Law, Bubbles, and Financial Regulation

By: Erik F. Gerding

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Law, Bubbles, and Financial Regulation

By: Erik F. Gerding

Financial regulation can fail when it is needed the most. The dynamics of asset price bubbles weaken financial regulation just as financial markets begin to overheat and the risk of crisis spikes. At the same time, the failure of financial regulations adds further fuel to a bubble. This book examines the interaction of bubbles and financial regulation. It explores the ways in which bubbles lead to the failure of financial regulation by outlining five dynamics, which it collectively labels the "Regulatory Instability Hypothesis." . The book concludes by outlining approaches to make financial regulation more resilient to these dynamics that undermine law.

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Page Count

560

Publisher

Routledge

Published Date

ISBN 10

1134642695

ISBN 13

9781134642694

The Diffusion of Information Technology

Experience of Industrial Countries and Lessons for Developing Countries

By: Ken Guy,Erik Arnold

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The Diffusion of Information Technology

Experience of Industrial Countries and Lessons for Developing Countries

By: Ken Guy,Erik Arnold

World Bank Discussion Paper No. 281.This study examines the best practices of eight OECD countries--Canada, Germany, Ireland, Japan, the Netherlands, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States--in designing national policies and programs to accelerate the effective use of information technology in support of industrial competitiveness. New technologies in computing, communications, and multimedia are changing the competitive advantage of industries, services, and entire economies. Enterprises must therefore increase their technological development and education through government assistance.The emerging experience is rich and diverse. The study draws on the tacit knowledge of the designers and implementors of national policies and programs to establish key rules-of-thumb for future programs. The authors outline broad directions for adapting these practices to the conditions of developing countries.

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Page Count

234

Publisher

World Bank Publications

Published Date

ISBN 10

0821332163

ISBN 13

9780821332160

Text Complexity and Reading Comprehension Tests

By: Erik Castello

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Text Complexity and Reading Comprehension Tests

By: Erik Castello

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Solve jigsaw puzzle

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Page Count

364

Publisher

Peter Lang

Published Date

ISBN 10

3039117173

ISBN 13

9783039117178

Book's by Erik Castello

Text Complexity and Reading Comprehension Tests

Text Complexity and Reading Comprehension Tests

Death in the New World

Death in the New World

PFASs in the Nordic environment

PFASs in the Nordic environment

Image and Relic

Image and Relic

Migration and Remittances in Moldova

Migration and Remittances in Moldova

Testing Methods for Seed-transmitted Viruses

Testing Methods for Seed-transmitted Viruses

European VAT Law as Interpreted by the Court of Justice

European VAT Law as Interpreted by the Court of Justice

Handbook of Inland Aquatic Ecosystem Management

Handbook of Inland Aquatic Ecosystem Management

Law, Bubbles, and Financial Regulation

Law, Bubbles, and Financial Regulation

The Diffusion of Information Technology

The Diffusion of Information Technology

Text Complexity and Reading Comprehension Tests

Text Complexity and Reading Comprehension Tests

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