Aggregate occupies at least three-quarters of the volume of concrete, so its impact on concrete’s properties is large. The sieve curve traditionally defines the aggregate size range. Another essential property is grain shape. Both, size and shape influence workability and the mechanical and durability properties of concrete. On the other hand, the shape of cement particles plays also an important role in the hydration process due to surface dissolution in the hardening process. Additionally, grain dispersion, shape and size govern the pore percolation process that is of crucial importance for concrete durability Discrete element modeling (DEM) is commonly employed for simulation of concrete structure. To be able doing so, the assessed grain shape should be implemented. The approaches for aggregate and cement structure simulation by a concurrent algorithm-based DEM system are discussed in this paper. Both aggregate and cement were experimentally analyzed by X-ray tomography method recently. The results provide a real experimental database, e.g. surface area versus volume distribution, for simulation of particles in concrete technology. Optimum solutions are obtained by different simplified shapes proposed for aggregate and cement, respectively. In this way, reliable concepts for aggregate structure and fresh cement paste can be simulated by a DEM system.
Sound Changes responds to a need in improvisation studies for more work that addresses the diversity of global improvisatory practices and argues that by beginning to understand the particular, material experiences of sonic realities that are different from our own, we can address the host of other factors that are imparted or sublimated in performance. These factors range from the intimate affect associated with a particular performer’s capacity to generate a distinctive “voicing,” or the addition of an unexpected sonic intervention only possible with one particular configuration of players in a specific space and time. Through a series of case studies drawn from Africa, Asia, the Americas, and Oceania, Sound Changes offers readers an introduction to a range of musical expressions across the globe in which improvisation plays a key role and the book demonstrates that improvisation is a vital site for the production of emergent social relationships and meanings. As it does this work, Sound Changes situates the increasingly transcultural dimensions of improvised music in relation to emergent networks and technologies, changing patterns of migration and immigration, shifts in the political economy of music, and other social, cultural, and economic factors. Improvisation studies is a recently developed, but growing, interdisciplinary field of study. The discipline—which has only truly come into focus in the early part of the twenty-first century—has been building a lexicon of key terms and developing assumptions about core practices. Yet, the full breadth of improvisatory practices has remained a vexed, if not impossibly ambitious, subject of study. This volume offers a step forward in the movement away from critical tendencies that tend to homogenize and reduce practices and vocabularies in the name of the familiar. Chapter authors include John Corbett, Jason Robinson, Kirstie Dorr, Beverley Milton-Edwards, Sally MacArthur, Waldo Garrido, Jemma Decristo, Mike Heffley, Monica Dalidowicz, and Hafez Modirzadeh.
2005 : William « Bull » Preece, quarante-cinq ans, est découvert mort dans son mobile home rouillé d’une overdose à l’oxycodone, un opioïde puissant délivré sur ordonnance. Debbie Preece, sa sœur, se l’est juré : Bull ne sera pas un autre chiffre dans le bilan humain désastreux des Appalaches. Bébés nés dépendants, familles détruites... Le taux de décès par overdoses aux opioïdes a quadruplé en quelques années. 2013 : Eric Eyre travaille depuis quinze ans à la Charleston Gazette, dont la devise est « s’indigner sans relâche ». Il a reçu un coup de téléphone : des liens suspects existent entre le procureur général de l’État et l’industrie pharmaceutique. Comment sept cent quatre-vingt millions de comprimés d’oxycodone et d’hydrocodone ont-ils pu être déversés en Virginie-Occidentale sans que personne ne dise un mot ? Comment une pharmacie, celle où Bull se procurait ses comprimés, a-t-elle pu vendre plus de deux millions d’analgésiques, autrement dit d’antidouleurs, dans une ville qui ne compte que trois cent quatre-vingt-deux âmes ? Et si Bull avait été la victime, parmi tant d’autres, d’un vaste trafic, juteux pour les uns, mortel pour les autres ? Pablo Escobar et El Chapo n’auraient pas mieux organisé les choses. Eric le pugnace entreprend de remonter le fil, et ce qu’il découvre dépasse l’entendement.
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