Emmanouil Skouras's Books

Stimulation of Trigeminal Afferents Improves Motor Recovery After Facial Nerve Injury

Functional, Electrophysiological and Morphological Proofs

By: Emmanouil Skouras,Stoyan Pavlov,Habib Bendella,Doychin N. Angelov

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Stimulation of Trigeminal Afferents Improves Motor Recovery After Facial Nerve Injury

Functional, Electrophysiological and Morphological Proofs

By: Emmanouil Skouras,Stoyan Pavlov,Habib Bendella,Doychin N. Angelov

Recovery of mimic function after facial nerve transection is poor: the successful regrowth of axotomized motoneurons to their targets is compromised by (i) poor axonal navigation and excessive collateral branching, (ii) abnormal exchange of nerve impulses between adjacent regrowing axons and (iii) insufficient synaptic input to facial motoneurons. As a result, axotomized motoneurons get hyperexcitable and unable to discharge. Since improvement of growth cone navigation and reduction of the ephaptic cross-talk between axons turn out be very difficult, the authorsa concentrated on the third detrimental component and proposed that an intensification of the trigeminal input to axotomized electrophysiologically silent facial motoneurons might improve specificity of reinnervation. To test the hypothesis they compared behavioral, electrophysiological and morphological parameters after single reconstructive surgery on the facial nerve with those obtained after identical facial nerve surgery, but combined with direct or indirect stimulation of the ipsilateral infraorbital (ION) nerve. The authors found that in all cases trigeminal stimulation was beneficial for the outcome by improving the quality of target reinnervation and recovery of vibrissal motor performance.

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123

Publisher

Springer Science & Business Media

Published Date

ISBN 10

3642333117

ISBN 13

9783642333118

Democracy and Money

Lessons for Today from Athens in Classical Times

By: George C. Bitros,Emmanouil M. L. Economou,Nicholas C. Kyriazis

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Democracy and Money

Lessons for Today from Athens in Classical Times

By: George C. Bitros,Emmanouil M. L. Economou,Nicholas C. Kyriazis

The authors of this book argue that post-war fiscal and monetary policies in the U.S. are prone to more frequent and more destabilizing domestic and international financial crises. So, in the aftermath of the one that erupted in 2008, they propose that now we are sleepwalking into another, which under the prevailing institutional circumstances could develop into a worldwide financial Armageddon. Thinking ahead of such a calamity, this book presents for the first time a model of democratic governance with privately produced money based on the case of Athens in Classical times, and explains why, if it is conceived as a benchmark for reference and adaptation, it may provide an effective way out from the dreadful predicament that state managed fiat money holds for the stability of Western-type democracies and the international financial system. As the U.S. today, Athens at that time reached the apex of its military, economic, political, cultural, and scientific influence in the world. But Athens triumphed through different approaches to democracy and fundamentally different fiscal and monetary policies than the U.S. Thus the readers will have the opportunity to learn about these differences and appreciate the potential they offer for confronting the challenges contemporary democracies face under the leadership of the U.S. The book will find audiences among academics, university students, and researchers across a wide range of fields and subfields, as well as legislators, fiscal and monetary policy makers, and economic and financial consultants.

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321

Publisher

Routledge

Published Date

ISBN 10

1000097064

ISBN 13

9781000097061

Stimulation of Trigeminal Afferents Improves Motor Recovery After Facial Nerve Injury

Functional, Electrophysiological and Morphological Proofs

By: Emmanouil Skouras,Stoyan Pavlov,Habib Bendella,Doychin N. Angelov

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

Stimulation of Trigeminal Afferents Improves Motor Recovery After Facial Nerve Injury

Functional, Electrophysiological and Morphological Proofs

By: Emmanouil Skouras,Stoyan Pavlov,Habib Bendella,Doychin N. Angelov

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

123

Publisher

Springer Science & Business Media

Published Date

ISBN 10

3642333117

ISBN 13

9783642333118

Book's by Emmanouil Skouras

Stimulation of Trigeminal Afferents Improves Motor Recovery After Facial Nerve Injury

Stimulation of Trigeminal Afferents Improves Motor Recovery After Facial Nerve Injury

Democracy and Money

Democracy and Money

Stimulation of Trigeminal Afferents Improves Motor Recovery After Facial Nerve Injury

Stimulation of Trigeminal Afferents Improves Motor Recovery After Facial Nerve Injury

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