“This expertly researched account brings to life a meaningful but underexplored chapter in world history.” —Publishers Weekly When Europe’s Great War engulfed the Ottoman Empire, Arab nationalists rose in revolt against the Turks. The British supported the Arabs’ fight for an independent state and sent an intelligence officer, T.E. Lawrence, to join Prince Faisal, leader of the Arab army and a descendant of the Prophet. In October 1918, Faisal, Lawrence, and the Arabs victoriously entered Damascus, where they declared a constitutional government in an independent Greater Syria. At the Paris Peace Conference, Faisal won the support of Woodrow Wilson, who sent an American commission to Syria to survey the political aspirations of its people. However, other Entente leaders at Paris—and later San Remo—schemed against the Arab democracy, which they saw as a threat to their colonial rule. On March 8, 1920, the Syrian-Arab Congress declared independence and crowned Faisal king of a “representative monarchy.” Rashid Rida, a leading Islamic thinker of the day, led the constituent assembly to establish equality for all citizens, including non-Muslims, under a full bill of rights. But France and Britain refused to recognize the Damascus government, instead imposing a system of mandates on the Arab provinces of the defeated Ottoman Empire, on the pretext that Arabs weren’t yet ready for self-government. Under such a mandate, the French invaded Syria in April, crushing the Arab government and sending Faisal and Congress leaders into exile. The fragile coalition of secular modernizers and Islamic reformers that might have established democracy in the Arab world was destroyed, with profound consequences that reverberate still. Using many previously untapped primary sources, including contemporary newspaper accounts and letters, minutes from the Syrian-Arab Congress, and diary and journal entries from participants, How The West Stole Democracy From The Arabs is a groundbreaking account of this extraordinary, brief moment of unity and hope—and of its destruction. “Important and fascinating.” —Amaney A. Jamal, Edwards S. Sanford Professor of Politics, Princeton University
The Arab Spring uprising of 2011 is portrayed as a dawn of democracy in the region. But the revolutionaries were—and saw themselves as—heirs to a centuries-long struggle for just government and the rule of law. In Justice Interrupted we see the complex lineage of political idealism, reform, and violence that informs today’s Middle East.
[These] stories—of stopping unwanted highways, protecting open space, finding financing to preserve historical buildings—make Saving America's Countryside an inspiring resource guide."—Utne Reader A new edition of the book that received the Historic Preservation Book Prize and the American Society for Landscape Architects' Honor Award Since publication of the first edition of Saving America's Countryside in 1989, the fight to save America's rural resources has met with much success. Approaches considered experimental just a decade ago—greenways and heritage areas, for example—are now widespread. Yet at the same time, such disquieting developments as continuing suburban sprawl, the weakening of federal laws, and the so-called property rights movement all suggest that work remains to be done. Saving America's Countryside was the first and is still the only comprehensive, step-by-step guide to protecting the natural, historic, scenic, and agricultural resources of a rural community. The authors show how to organize a conservation effort, inventory available resources, pass effective new laws, set up land trusts, take advantage of federal programs, and change public attitudes. The thoroughly revised and updated second edition reports on changes in conservation over the past eight years and adds a chapter on making economic development compatible with rural conservation. It includes new case studies, more than fifty new illustrations, and a section on heritage tourism. As in the previous edition, the detailed case studies document a variety of successful—and often surprisingly innovative—conservation efforts by residents of rural communities throughout the United States.
The final decades of the Ottoman Empire and the period of the French mandate in Syria and Lebanon coincided with a critical period of transformation in agricultural technologies and administration. Chemical fertilizers and mechanized equipment inspired model farms while government officials and technocratic elites pursued new land tenure, credit-lending, and tax collection policies to maximize revenue. These policies transformed rural communities and environments and were central to projects of reform and colonial control—as well as to resistance of that control. States of Cultivation examines the processes and effects of agrarian transformation over more than a century as Ottoman, Syrian, Lebanese, and French officials grappled with these new technologies, albeit with different end goals. Elizabeth Williams investigates the increasingly fragmented natures produced by these contrasting priorities and the results of their intersection with regional environmental limits. Not only did post–World War I policies realign the economic space of the mandate states, but they shaped an agricultural legacy that continued to impact Syria and Lebanon post-independence. With this book, Williams offers the first comprehensive account of the shared technocratic ideals that animated these policies and the divergent imperial goals that not only reshaped the region's agrarian institutions, but produced representations of the region with repercussions well beyond the mandate's end.
The fourth edition of Postharvest Techology for Horticultural Crops has been converted into a series of ten books, each covering a separate area of postharvest technology. This, book 1 in the series, covers the basics of preharvest factors that can affect the quality of the produce headed to the packinghouse and sets the foundation for the rest of the series. Also covered in depth are hand- and mechanical-harvesting methods, as well as preparation for the packinghouse from the field through the sorting line. There is extensive information about food safety during this process, as well as worker safety both in the field and at the plant. The book concludes with information about a variety of packaging methods.
Drawing on the expertise of the University of California's Postharvest Technology Center, this publication discusses commercial uses of modified- or controlled-atmosphere technology which can be used during transport, temporary storage, or long-term storage of horticultural commodities destined for the fresh market or processing. In modified atmospheres and controlled atmospheres, gases are removed or added to create an atmospheric composition around a commodity that is different from that of air. Modified- or controlled-atmosphere technology can be used during transport, temporary storage, or long-term storage of horticultural commodities destined for the fresh market or processing. Chapter 1 discusses how modified- or controlled-atmosphere technology can be used during transport, temporary storage, or long-term storage of horticultural commodities destined for the fresh market or processing. Chapter 2 discusses the ways biologically important gases are sampled, analyzed, and mixed. Since the rate of respiration of plant tissue is tightly coupled to its overall metabolic rate-and often inversely proportional to shelf life-the measurement and control of respiration are of vital interest in devising strategies to maintain quality after harvest. Chapter 3 discusses the role of Ethylene in the postharvest life of many horticultural crops. Sometimes this role is beneficial (promoting faster and more uniform ripening before retail distribution) and sometimes it is deleterious (speeding senescence and reducing shelf life). This chapter addresses the properties of this gas and ways to both harness its beneficial effects and avoid undesirable results during the postharvest handling of perishable commodities.
Waiting periods and deadlines are so ubiquitous that we often take them for granted. Yet they form a critical part of any democratic architecture. When a precise moment or amount of time is given political importance, we ought to understand why this is so. The Political Value of Time explores the idea of time within democratic theory and practice. Elizabeth F. Cohen demonstrates how political procedures use quantities of time to confer and deny citizenship rights. Using specific dates and deadlines, states carve boundaries around a citizenry. As time is assigned a form of political value it comes to be used to transact over rights. Cohen concludes with a normative analysis of the ways in which the devaluation of some people's political time constitutes a widely overlooked form of injustice. This book shows readers how and why they need to think about time if they want to understand politics.
Find the Best Hikes and Backpacking Trips in California’s Sierra Nevada The rush of trekking through nature, the thrill of experiencing new places, the reward of discovering beautiful sights—all of this awaits in the Sierra Nevada. For more than 50 years, this definitive guidebook has led readers along the top trails between Walker Pass and the southern border of Yosemite National Park. Now, with the revised and updated edition, let hiking experts Elizabeth Wenk and Mike White show you the way. Sierra South is the award-winning guide that features 80 meticulously selected trips, from new routes to old favorites. Traverse the stunning wilderness areas and national forests of the region, including Kings Canyon National Park, Sequoia National Park, John Muir Wilderness, Ansel Adams Wilderness, and many more. The trips are organized around major highways and roads, so it’s easy to choose your next adventure. Just pick an area, drive there, and go hiking. Inside you’ll find 84 trips that range from quick overnighters to 12-day excursions Complete trip details, including day-by-day trail descriptions, GPS waypoints, and elevation data 41 trailhead maps that show the routes for every trip Beginner tips and trusted advice on camping, fishing, and bear safety Information on side trips, geology, natural history, and more Planning your trip into the southern Sierra backcountry is easier than ever before. For additional hiking and backpacking opportunities, see the companion guide Sierra North. Both titles are recipients of a National Outdoor Book Award.
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