Twenty years after the fall of the Berlin Wall, the question remains ’Do good fences still make good neighbours’? Since the Great Wall of China, the Antonine Wall, built in Scotland to support Hadrian's Wall, the Roman ’Limes’ or the Danevirk fence, the ’wall’ has been a constant in the protection of defined entities claiming sovereignty, East and West. But is the wall more than an historical relict for the management of borders? In recent years, the wall has been given renewed vigour in North America, particularly along the U.S.-Mexico border, and in Israel-Palestine. But the success of these new walls in the development of friendly and orderly relations between nations (or indeed, within nations) remains unclear. What role does the wall play in the development of security and insecurity? Do walls contribute to a sense of insecurity as much as they assuage fears and create a sense of security for those 'behind the line'? Exactly what kind of security is associated with border walls? This book explores the issue of how the return of the border fences and walls as a political tool may be symptomatic of a new era in border studies and international relations. Taking a multidisciplinary approach, this volume examines problems that include security issues ; the recurrence and/or decline of the wall; wall discourses ; legal approaches to the wall; the ’wall industry’ and border technology, as well as their symbolism, role, objectives and efficiency.
Die Autoren des Bandes fragen nach der Rolle der Bilder bei der Herausbildung einer Identitat des Jesuitenordens. Die Schaffung einer "jesuitischen Identitat" wird in den verschiedenen Beitragen als ein Ideal des Ordens verstanden, das uber alle ordensinternen Heterogenitaten hinweg zu vermitteln versucht wurde. Charakteristisch fur die Jesuiten war eine Kultur des Wandels in einer sich wandelnden Welt, einer permanenten individuellen Akkommodation und Neuerfindung, die mit einer Vielzahl von Identitaten verbunden war. Vor allem die enorme Mobilitat der Ordensmitglieder im Raum und in ihren Aufgaben und Handlungen ging mit Spannungen einher, die eine Neu- oder Umordnung tradierter Wissens- und Wissenschaftshierarchien erforderlich machte. Unter diesem Gesichtspunkt erscheinen gerade die vom Orden und seinen Mitgliedern aufgenommenen visuellen Strategien als formgebende Prozesse, die sowohl in den Orden hinein als auch uber ihn hinaus wirken sollten. Die Beitrage beschaftigen sich daher sowohl mit Bildtheorien, die im Jesuitenorden eine grosse Rolle spielten, als auch mit fur den Orden besonders bedeutsamen Bildern sowie mit der Frage nach der Rolle des Wissens und der Visualisierung der Ordensidentitat.
Who, exactly, was responsible for the preservation of knowledge about the past? How did people preserve their recollections and pass them on to the next generation? Did they write them down or did they hand then on orally? The book is concerned with the memories of medieval people. In the Middle Ages, as now, men and women collected stories about the past and handed them down to posterity. Many memories centre in the aristocratic family or lineage while others are focussed on institutions such as monasteries or nunneries. The family and monastic contexts clearly illustrate that remembrance of the past was a task for men and women and that each sex had a specific gendered role. Memory also involves selection of what should and should not be remembered and its corollary, amnesia, therefore, is discussed. Anchored in the present, memory casts a shadow on the future and thus prophecies form an important component of the cult of remembrance. For the first time in Medieval Memories, tombstones, medieval encyclopaedias and legal testimonies figure alongside moral guidebooks, miracle stories and chronicles as material for the gendered perceptions of the medieval past.
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