Essay from the year 2021 in the subject Speech Science / Linguistics, grade: A, , language: English, abstract: In this essay the various ways through which colonials imposed imperial languages are presented followed by examples of how postcolonial responses on the issue of language might have varied but shared the goal of declaring resistance and reclaiming indigenous identities. In colonial and postcolonial discourse, language has a central role since language has the power to shape people’s perception of the world. Language was used during colonization as a tool which could influence knowledge and understanding in many significant aspects of life such as politics, economics and social environment. However, language has been used by both colonials as a means for establishing their domination but also by post-colonial individuals in order to reclaim their cultural identities after emancipation.
Essay from the year 2019 in the subject Didactics - English - Grammar, Style, Working Technique, grade: A, , language: English, abstract: This essay shows the use of authentic materials in teaching grammar and vocabulary in a foreign language. Learning the language solely through instruction became a stall method that offered no actual practice on what was learned, no lived experience in using the language and thus did not promote communication skills to the desired degree and also involved students that were not motivated enough. This need led to changes in language teaching and to the Communicative Language Teaching approach which emphasizes language’s function as a communicative tool.
Essay from the year 2021 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Literature, grade: A, , language: English, abstract: Jack London’s short stories “To build a fire” and “The law of nature” both deal with two men who are two distinctly different characters both in a struggle with nature’s mercilessness and by comparing the two stories we can infer what London believed about being a man in 1900 America. Jack London was characterized as a naturalist writer because of his ability to write about nature realistically and mainly out of experience while at the same time he explored the issue of masculinity. Through the adversities of nature in London’s texts men are found in dire situations which push them to reveal their true self. London’s male protagonists are very often on a course through which they come against natural forces able to destroy them and very often men are led to their demise by their greatest enemy, nature. The idea of men’s struggle against hostile nature is persistent in London’s work which at times also stresses man’s weaknesses and limits.
Essay from the year 2019 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Literature, grade: A, , language: English, abstract: Taking into consideration the time during which Pride and Prejudice was written one could say that it was certainly not a time that emotions played a primary role in people’s lives and life decisions. The novel was first published in 1813, at a time when people were mostly concerned over property, money and their social status and how to rise in a better position, secure the family’s place in society and their wellbeing or maintain their current wealth and social standing. At the time of such concerns strict laws defined how money and land would be inherited and protected from a wider distribution than the relatively few wealthy that had it. Males were most secure since they were allowed to inherit; they obtained their wives’ inheritance if they came from wealthy families and had all legal rights both on the money but also on the wives themselves.
Essay from the year 2021 in the subject Literature - Comparative Literature, grade: A, , language: English, abstract: This essay discusses the portrayal of Helen of Troy in Euripides‘ "Trojan Women" and her apparition in Marlowe’s "Dr. Faustus". One of the most recurring figures in literature, Helen of Troy appears in numerous works, whether related to the Trojan War or not. From Homer to more recent times Helen has appeared and has been portrayed by many writers, poets or playwrights each time assuming the role assigned to her in the text. In Euripides’ "Trojan Women", Helen appears as the cause of Troy’s devastation and she is given the opportunity to defend herself through the innovation of her physical presence on stage. On the other hand in Marlowe’s "Dr. Faustus" which is more oriented towards religion, she is there as a devil in disguise acquiring a symbolic significance of sensual pleasure as the ultimate temptation.
Essay from the year 2018 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Literature, grade: A, , language: English, abstract: This essay deals with the personal and public identity in Virginia Woolf's novel "Mrs. Dalloway". The concept of identity is one that can be given many interpretations and meanings according to relevant components and aspects taken into consideration. In this frame a severance between personal and social identity can be made, referring both to the individual’s self but also the individual’s social identity related to social conduct and aiming toward an accepted and well projected social self. Clarissa Dalloway serves as a very clear example of that struggle between personal and public identity and especially regarding women of the Victorian time, who by oppressing their true self, aspirations, feelings and wits were allowed to fit in the stereotypical role that society assigned to women.
Essay from the year 2018 in the subject Literature - Basics, grade: A, , language: English, abstract: An essay dealing with the known quote “What matter who’s speaking, someone said, what matter who’s speaking” by Samuel Beckett and which discusses the extent to which knowledge of a poet’s life and opinions should shape the interpretation of their poems. On the topic of biographical criticism the issue if it helps us illuminate the texts at hand, or that we miss possible meanings and echoes in the work when we focus on it is addressed.
Essay from the year 2018 in the subject Speech Science / Linguistics, grade: A, , language: English, abstract: The paper discusses the English language in Singapore. In the context of British colonization, English speakers moved around the world, carrying and spreading the English language. This is how the English language also reached Singapore when it was acquired by the British in 1819. When Singapore gained independence in 1965, four official languages were recognized. Mandarin, Malay and Tamil, which were the “mother tongues” of the people of Singapore, along with English, as an additional official language.
Essay from the year 2017 in the subject Literature - Basics, grade: 90.00, , course: Poetry, language: English, abstract: A close reading of Seferis' poem Helen including elements around the Greek myth as the background of the poem. A verse by verse examination is done for crucial verses in the poem and potential meanings are discussed. Seferis’ “Helen” is written in free verse and does not feature a fixed rhyme scheme straying this way away from traditional forms of poetry. While the poem is written in a modernist form, the mythical element is overwhelming in the poem, a contradiction that connects the present with the past. The poem’s epigraph sets the mythological background which relates the poem to the Greek mythology tradition. Homer’s myth about Paris’ choice of Helen as fairer than goddesses lingers in the background as the basis of all that follows and as the initial cause of the Trojan War. In the first three verses of the epigraph, it is established that the speaker is in exile ordered by “Appolow”, a man away from his home. Finally the epigraph, informs in the words of Helen that she was never in Troy, instead there was just a phantom image of hers there. The myth sets the context of the poem while the myths are further elaborated as the memories of the speaker who reminisces in a dramatic monologue triggered by the nightingale’s song and his inability to sleep, tormented by these memories. The repetition of the phrase “The nightingales won’t let you sleep in Platres”, written in quotation marks as if someone else is uttering them, also points to the use of the chorus in the ancient tragedy form, in which the chorus often repeats certain words connecting the poem even more to the ancient Greek mythology tradition.
Essay from the year 2021 in the subject Ethics, grade: B, , language: English, abstract: This essay discusses the characters in Alan Moore’s comic book maxiseries "Watchmen" in relation to Ethics. In postmodernism there is a simultaneous existence of a variety of discourses that promote different values in the same space. Postmodern narratives rely more on references, pastiches and the questioning of grand narratives with an emphasis on plurality and heterogeneity. One such narrative is Moore’s "Watchmen" a graphic novel that artistically and skillfully deconstructs the super hero genre and is full of multiplicities about morality and justice.
Essay from the year 2021 in the subject American Studies - Literature, grade: A, , language: English, abstract: This essay shows how Faulkner’s "As I Lay Dying" and Katherine Mansfield’s "Garden Party" are both modernist texts that deal with modernity and its costs for specific groups of people. The time characterized as modernity was the time that major technological advancements were made and along with them there were also major changes in society and culture. Modernity was the period that new science was developed, politics and capitalism appeared and industrialization was an intense phenomenon.
Essay from the year 2019 in the subject Speech Science / Linguistics, grade: A, , language: English, abstract: A discussion of how age as a factor influences second language acquisition. On one hand, theories like Chomsky’s theory on Universal Grammar (UG) and the monitor theory support that language faculty in children is innate and consists of the possession of a language acquisition device for the processing of language which facilitates language acquisition for a critical period and it is not available to older learners thus favoring younger learners in second language acquisition. On the other hand theories like cognitive psychology and socio-cultural theories favor older learners which are more able to practice and pay attention in a process of intentional learning in which no special brain devices or structures are considered necessary.
Essay from the year 2021 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Literature, grade: A, , language: English, abstract: Jack London’s short stories “To build a fire” and “The law of nature” both deal with two men who are two distinctly different characters both in a struggle with nature’s mercilessness and by comparing the two stories we can infer what London believed about being a man in 1900 America. Jack London was characterized as a naturalist writer because of his ability to write about nature realistically and mainly out of experience while at the same time he explored the issue of masculinity. Through the adversities of nature in London’s texts men are found in dire situations which push them to reveal their true self. London’s male protagonists are very often on a course through which they come against natural forces able to destroy them and very often men are led to their demise by their greatest enemy, nature. The idea of men’s struggle against hostile nature is persistent in London’s work which at times also stresses man’s weaknesses and limits.
Essay from the year 2021 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Literature, grade: A, , language: English, abstract: The essay deals with Colson Whitehead’s and Louise Erdrich’s use of the postmodern mode of thought for political liberation. Both Colson Whitehead and Louise Erdrich originate from people who have suffered oppression in inhumane ways and still face it in current times. Their novels take on the task to allow history to resurface and retell the histories of the past in a way that makes them popular to contemporary readers while at the same time their novels become narratives which call for political liberation.
Essay from the year 2018 in the subject American Studies - Literature, grade: A, , language: English, abstract: This essay analyses the poem "Abecedarian Requiring Further Examination of Anglikan Seraphym Subjugation of a Wild Indian Rezervation" of Natalie Diaz regarding Native American genocide. Natalie Diaz, a Native American of the tribe of Mohave, published her first collection of poetry in 2015 and through it eloquently and passionately presents a variety of issues related to the Native American community. As she states in an interview given to Kaveh Akbar, her poetry consists of images that tell stories, stories she had either experienced or were created through myth and history. The issue of genocide is such that rouses responses from all kinds of people and also vast production of literature including texts, essays and poetry.
Essay from the year 2021 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Literature, grade: A, , language: English, abstract: The essay deals with Shakespeare’s female characters in “Hamlet” and “As you like it”, raised above society’s conceptions of the female gender. Shakespeare’s writings are highly observant and contain social and historical representations as well as observations about the human condition. His characters show depth and their personalities undergo changes and reach resolutions according to both societal norms of the time but also to the genre of the play. Gender relations were a significant aspect of his writing especially regarding to the time when Shakespeare was writing when women were the property, first of their father and then of their husband according to the law. Their marriages were business transactions with the woman being exchanged for a higher position in society by entering a family of high social status or even to secure survival if the woman’s family was poor. For the transaction to be successful the woman had to be a virgin, of proven chastity, otherwise she was considered to be unwanted for marriage. This related highly to matters of succession since it was the only that the fatherhood of the husband was certain. In this society, where men dominated every aspect of life women were not permitted to reveal their true self and potential instead they were constantly oppressed and obliged to obey men.
Essay from the year 2018 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Literature, grade: A, , language: English, abstract: The problem of authorship was one that caused many debates in the literary, intellectual cycles. The concept of author as well as the author’s contribution and effect in a work has been one that changed through time.Roland Barthes and Michel Foucault were both acclaimed thinkers that dealt with the matter of the author, searching in a rather philosophical way the role of the author in the creation, perception and meaning generation of a text. They both gave strong views on the subject of the author in terms of who the author is, what role the author has in the creation of a work and how much of the author’s self is in the work itself.
Essay from the year 2018 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Literature, grade: A, , language: English, abstract: This essay deals with the personal and public identity in Virginia Woolf's novel "Mrs. Dalloway". The concept of identity is one that can be given many interpretations and meanings according to relevant components and aspects taken into consideration. In this frame a severance between personal and social identity can be made, referring both to the individual’s self but also the individual’s social identity related to social conduct and aiming toward an accepted and well projected social self. Clarissa Dalloway serves as a very clear example of that struggle between personal and public identity and especially regarding women of the Victorian time, who by oppressing their true self, aspirations, feelings and wits were allowed to fit in the stereotypical role that society assigned to women.
Essay from the year 2018 in the subject Speech Science / Linguistics, grade: A, , language: English, abstract: The paper discusses the formation of pidgin Liberian English. A Pidgin language is a language created from the need of people with different native languages to communicate. Pidgin languages are often created to serve one specific purpose. Most often a Pidgin facilitates people that want to trade or serves as a way of understanding between settlers and natives in cases of colonization. A Pidgin language is one that has no native speakers. If it acquires native speakers by children growing up having the specific language as their native language, then it is categorized as a Creole language.
Essay from the year 2021 in the subject American Studies - Literature, grade: A, , language: English, abstract: This essay shows how Faulkner’s "As I Lay Dying" and Katherine Mansfield’s "Garden Party" are both modernist texts that deal with modernity and its costs for specific groups of people. The time characterized as modernity was the time that major technological advancements were made and along with them there were also major changes in society and culture. Modernity was the period that new science was developed, politics and capitalism appeared and industrialization was an intense phenomenon.
Essay from the year 2018 in the subject Speech Science / Linguistics, grade: A, , language: English, abstract: The revival of Hebrew is considered to be the most astonishing revival of a language, which however was not entirely dead, but it was used exclusively for religious matters for a period of 2000 years. It is considered to be a remarkable achievement, one tightly linked to the Hebrew pride. The high nationalism of Hebrew parents led them to using Hebrew as the language to bring up their children. Children were spoken to and taught in Hebrew and this way native speakers of the language were created. After the foundation of the Israel state and the continuous efforts concerning the revival of the language, Hebrew has gone from being an inactive language used only in the religious domain to a living language used by over nine million users. When talking about the study of a language’s revival, we refer to the study of all factors relevant or any obstacles to that revival. Studying various language revival attempts can provide insight on revival techniques, on what actually works and which motives are strongest when attempting to revive a language. Also through comparison between those attempts a lot of useful information about what works can come up.
Essay from the year 2019 in the subject American Studies - Linguistics, grade: A, , language: English, abstract: English language is today the global language, the language of politics all over the world, the travel language that allows international mobility, the language of advertising that is present in every country, the working language of many professions and especially the tourism industry (Crystal 2003:2). Many factors contributed to the expansion of the English language since it came in the British Isles in the fifth century from Northern Europe. Pilgrim Fathers’ emigration was one of the first successful emigrations to the New World that paved the road for others to follow, leading this way to the birth of American English, the variety of English that established the status of the English language as a global language especially after America ascended as the world’s largest economic power.
Essay from the year 2018 in the subject American Studies - Literature, grade: A, , language: English, abstract: The paper deals with the topic of of spirituality in Edgar Allan Poe's poem “The Raven”. A poem such as “The Raven”, especially due to its great resonance, would be a shame to be limited and diminished to apply just to the life of the writer. A poem is a piece that once created is free to alternate through time and maintain its vitality. Unconsciously though everyone is affected by experience and it is inevitable not to be influenced by it. It is possible that death affected Poe in a higher degree than others but on the other hand death and life after it has always been an alluring subject since it is indeed the most mysterious event of life so far. The supernatural element implies an unknown world, one all people fear and also hope for and it is what makes the poem so enthralling to the audience and what made “The Raven” one of the most popular poems ever.
Essay from the year 2019 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Literature, grade: A, , language: English, abstract: Taking into consideration the time during which Pride and Prejudice was written one could say that it was certainly not a time that emotions played a primary role in people’s lives and life decisions. The novel was first published in 1813, at a time when people were mostly concerned over property, money and their social status and how to rise in a better position, secure the family’s place in society and their wellbeing or maintain their current wealth and social standing. At the time of such concerns strict laws defined how money and land would be inherited and protected from a wider distribution than the relatively few wealthy that had it. Males were most secure since they were allowed to inherit; they obtained their wives’ inheritance if they came from wealthy families and had all legal rights both on the money but also on the wives themselves.
Essay from the year 2021 in the subject Ethics, grade: B, , language: English, abstract: This essay discusses the characters in Alan Moore’s comic book maxiseries "Watchmen" in relation to Ethics. In postmodernism there is a simultaneous existence of a variety of discourses that promote different values in the same space. Postmodern narratives rely more on references, pastiches and the questioning of grand narratives with an emphasis on plurality and heterogeneity. One such narrative is Moore’s "Watchmen" a graphic novel that artistically and skillfully deconstructs the super hero genre and is full of multiplicities about morality and justice.
Essay from the year 2017 in the subject American Studies - Literature, grade: A, , language: English, abstract: The essay deals with the recurring motifs of nature and imagination in the works of William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge. William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge were two of the great poets of the period of Romanticism. With a firm grasp of what writing good poetry meant they also had a vision on how it should be communicated to affect the world in becoming a more ethical and ideal place. Their work was most imaginative and so condensed that required extensive analysis and had the ability to constantly generate new meanings. Both poets shared a great admiration for nature and its enormous complexity and beauty and drew inspiration from it, transcending boundaries of plain logical perception by filtering their stimulations through the filter of their imagination. Their ambition was to create poetry that would open the eyes of the world to the marvel of life and creation thus elevating the spirit to a higher moral level and thus making the world better through their poetry.
Essay from the year 2018 in the subject Speech Science / Linguistics, grade: A, , language: English, abstract: The paper discusses English as a Lingua Franca. Lingua Franca (LF) is the term used when referring to a common language between interlocutors of different native languages, usually of also different ethnic and cultural backgrounds. Back in the 14nth century AC, the expansion of trade between people of different ethnicities around the Mediterranean area, led to the creation of a pidgin language, a language with simple grammar and lexicon, which made communication between traders possible. This pidgin language was a mixture of mostly Italian with additions from other languages like French, Spanish, Arabic, Greek and Turkish. Today the term Lingua Franca has expanded to include vehicular languages used around the world used amongst people with different origins and native languages. English is the current, most widespread language to be used as a lingua franca, raising issues of proper definition, effective methods of research, successful teaching and evaluation and respect for the global multicultural environment of the world today.
Essay from the year 2020 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: A, , language: English, abstract: The paper presents an overview of the origins of translanguaging as a concept and also provides definitions that arose so far from its study. It also presents the benefits of translanguaging in education and provides a description of practices and strategies used by both teachers and learners towards a multilingual development in learning environments offering some insight on how translanguaging is used and which goals it aids fulfill. Translanguaging is an approach that came up due to the bilingual tendencies in education following the trends of multinational and multicultural societies of today.
Essay from the year 2019 in the subject Didactics - German - Pedagogy, Linguistics, grade: A, , language: English, abstract: This essay deals with the concept of the Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) as a method. CLIL is an innovative approach in which content and language are integrated with the goal to provide more exposure to the foreign language and to enrich the areas of language use thus enhancing language learning through the content of various school subjects. In this approach lessons for subjects like chemistry, history or geography are redesigned and taught in the language target leading to a better acquisition of the target language.
Essay from the year 2019 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: A, , language: English, abstract: The paper deals with the English language in Japan, specifically language policies in education. English has become the language through which the citizens of the globalized community of our world communicate and collaborate. The ability for a person to be able to use the English language to communicate with others is now more important than ever even in countries like Japan which in the past had no significant amount of tourists or immigrants and a rather local mentality of businesses so there was no great need for these people to be proficient in English.
Essay from the year 2021 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Literature, grade: A, , language: English, abstract: The paper discusses the main characters in Oscar Wilde's play “An Ideal Husband” and their relation to art and what it means to be an artist. Oscar Wilde was a writer who often protested against the Victorian ideology through his work and often wrote about how societal norms and rules were mere control tools imposed by the few who wanted to establish their power over others.
Essay from the year 2019 in the subject Didactics - English - Grammar, Style, Working Technique, grade: A, , language: English, abstract: This essay shows the use of authentic materials in teaching grammar and vocabulary in a foreign language. Learning the language solely through instruction became a stall method that offered no actual practice on what was learned, no lived experience in using the language and thus did not promote communication skills to the desired degree and also involved students that were not motivated enough. This need led to changes in language teaching and to the Communicative Language Teaching approach which emphasizes language’s function as a communicative tool.
Essay from the year 2018 in the subject Speech Science / Linguistics, grade: A, , language: English, abstract: The paper discusses the English language in Singapore. In the context of British colonization, English speakers moved around the world, carrying and spreading the English language. This is how the English language also reached Singapore when it was acquired by the British in 1819. When Singapore gained independence in 1965, four official languages were recognized. Mandarin, Malay and Tamil, which were the “mother tongues” of the people of Singapore, along with English, as an additional official language.
Essay from the year 2018 in the subject Speech Science / Linguistics, grade: A, , language: English, abstract: The paper gives an overview of the history and current status of the Cornish language. The Cornish language or Kernewek, a language with a long history, although considered dead since 1891, has supporters willing to fight for its revival, trying to overcome the problematic areas of the language, mainly due to the time-gap of its use and also trying to promote it and increase its use in current times. Cornish tightly related to the Cornwall people’s history, is a part of their heritage and a symbol of their identity and as such, Cornish people try not only to preserve it but also to reinstate it as a community language.
Essay from the year 2018 in the subject Speech Science / Linguistics, grade: A, , language: English, abstract: The paper gives an overview of the Australian English language. Australian English is the dialect spoken by native Australians or young immigrants to Australia. English in Australia is a much wider term than Australian English in that it includes both the varieties of migrant communities and the varieties of Aboriginal communities. Even though Australian English is a regional dialect that has the phonemic inventory of Southern British English it is the dominant variety in Australia while Aboriginal and Ethno-cultural varieties are minority varieties. Australian English developed alongside Australian history and culture, and thus it is highly connected with the creation of the Australian identity.
Essay from the year 2018 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Comparative Literature, grade: A, , language: English, abstract: This essay discusses Pat Barkers book "Union Street" and Shane Meadows’ movie "This is England" from a political point of view in the period after the end of World War 2, when England was declining, in the process of de-industrialization, which had a profound impact on people accustomed and trained to that way of life. Despite the fact that even after two world wars England was still the strongest European military and economical force, there were major changes that affected its status as a super power. After the end of WW2, England was declining, in the process of deindustrialization, which had a profound impact on people accustomed and trained to that way of life. In addition to unemployment and strikes, the rise of inflation was a major factor to people feeling poorly compensated for their hard work.
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