And in the days of Nimrod, the mighty man (or giant), a fire appeared which ascended from the earth, and Nimrod went down, and looked at it, and worshipped it, and he established priests to minister there, and to cast incense from it. From that day the Persians began to worship fire...-from "The Fourth Thousand Years"One of the most prolific and respected Egyptologists of the Victorian era, Budge here offers his translation of the 4th-century A.D. Syrian text commonly known as "the Cave of Treasures," a history of the world from the Creation to the crucifixion of Christ and considered by some to be an apocryphal book of the Bible. Budge's extensive notes, linking the work to other ancient writings, as well as the numerous illustrations, make this unusual work, first published in 1927, an excellent resource for students of ancient civilizations and comparative mythology.SIR E. A. WALLIS BUDGE (1857-1934) was curator of Egyptian and Assyrian antiquities at the British Museum from 1894 to 1924. Among his many works of translation and studies of ancient Egyptian religion and ritual is his best-known project, The Egyptian Book of the Dead.
The following pages have been written with the view of offering to the Bible student, in a small compass, a little of the history of Babylon, her thought, religion, and manners, and consequently the means whereby he may understand better some of the allusions of the prophets and Bible historians. When they wrote, they knew they were addressing a nation fully acquainted with the knowledge necessary for the understanding of their words. We inhabitants of the West are obliged to have recourse to whatever contemporaneous records we can find for the explanation of the history of the time which is not clearly stated in the Bible. Consequently the notices of Bible events and Bible history which are obtained from the nation which had so much to do with the Jews are of particular value...
The following pages have been written with the view of offering to the Bible student, in a small compass, a little of the history of Babylon, her thought, religion, and manners, and consequently the means whereby he may understand better some of the allusions of the prophets and Bible historians. When they wrote, they knew they were addressing a nation fully acquainted with the knowledge necessary for the understanding of their words. We inhabitants of the West are obliged to have recourse to whatever contemporaneous records we can find for the explanation of the history of the time which is not clearly stated in the Bible. Consequently the notices of Bible events and Bible history which are obtained from the nation which had so much to do with the Jews are of particular value...
The 'Dictionary of New Testament Background' joins the 'Dictionary of Jesus and the Gospels', the 'Dictionary of Paul and his Letters' and the 'Dictionary of the Later New Testament and its Developments' as the fourth in a landmark series of reference works on the Bible. In a time when our knowledge of the ancient Mediterranean world has grown, this volume sets out for readers the wealth of Jewish and Greco-Roman background that should inform our reading and understanding of the New Testament and early Christianity. 'The Dictionary of New Testament Background', takes full advantage of the flourishing study of the Dead Sea Scrolls and offers individual articles focused on the most important scrolls. In addition, the Dictionary encompasses the fullness of second-temple Jewish writings, whether pseudepigraphic, rabbinic, parables, proverbs, histories or inscriptions. Articles abound on aspects of Jewish life and thought, including family, purity, liturgy and messianism. The full scope of Greco-Roman culture is displayed in articles ranging across language and rhetoric, literacy and book benefactors, travel and trade, intellectual movements and ideas, and ancient geographical perspectives. No other reference work presents so much in one place for students of the New Testament. Here an entire library of scholarship is made available in summary form. The Dictionary of New Testament Background can stand alone, or work in concert with one or more of its companion volumes in the series. Written by acknowledged experts in their fields, this wealth of knowledge of the New Testament era is carefully aimed at the needs of contemporary students of the New Testament. In addition, its full bibliographies and cross-references to other volumes in the series will make it the first book to reach for in any investigation of the New Testament in its ancient setting.
Christian communities flourished during late antiquity in a Zoroastrian political system, known as the Iranian Empire, that integrated culturally and geographically disparate territories from Arabia to Afghanistan into its institutions and networks. Whereas previous studies have regarded Christians as marginal, insular, and often persecuted participants in this empire, Richard Payne demonstrates their integration into elite networks, adoption of Iranian political practices and imaginaries, and participation in imperial institutions. The rise of Christianity in Iran depended on the Zoroastrian theory and practice of hierarchical, differentiated inclusion, according to which Christians, Jews, and others occupied legitimate places in Iranian political culture in positions subordinate to the imperial religion. Christians, for their part, positioned themselves in a political culture not of their own making, with recourse to their own ideological and institutional resources, ranging from the writing of saints’ lives to the judicial arbitration of bishops. In placing the social history of East Syrian Christians at the center of the Iranian imperial story, A State of Mixture helps explain the endurance of a culturally diverse empire across four centuries.
Rod Garvin, governor of North America and Mars, is supposed to be on vacation, spending time in France with his wife, Flora, and the son he had never met, Felix. But the war leaders of North America have a new assignment for Garvin: find Lani, Imperatrix of North America, and convince her to come out of hiding. Trailed by assassins, Garvin sets out for the Egypt colony, where the incognito Lani is worshipped as the incarnation of Isis. But Rod Garvin is no longer on his own. Son Felix insists on accompanying him on this mission. Can this new father-son team complete their mission -- or will guards, assassins, and Lani herself prove their undoing?
Introduction / Judith Pfeiffer & Sholeh A. Quinn -- |t The Mongol world empire. -- |t World-conquest and local accomodation: threat and blandishment in Mongol diplomacy / |r Peter Jackson -- |t "Stuck in the throat of Chingīz Khān:" envisioning the Mongol conquests in some Sufi accounts from the 14th to 17th centuries / |r Devin de Weese -- |t The Qongrat in history / |r İsenbike Togan -- |t References to economic and cultural life in Anatolia in the letters of Rashīd al-Dīn / |r Zeki Velidi Togan, trans. Gery Leiser -- |t Autonomous enclaves in Islamic states: temlîks, soyurghals, yurdluḳ-ocaḳlıḳs, mâlikâne-muḳâṭaʿas and awqāf / |r Halil İnalcık -- |t The early Persian historiography of Anatolia / |r Charles Melville -- |t Aḥmad Tegüder's second letter to Qalāʼūn (682/1283) / |r Judith Pfeiffer -- |t The age of Timur. -- |t A note on the life and works of Ibn ʿArabshāh / |r R.D. McChesney -- |t On the Persian original Vālidiyya of Khvāja Aḥrār / |r Eiji Mano.
The Introduction of the book indicates the necessity to start with the archaeology of the early settlements of the West Bank of the Nile , a territory to be considered as the mother or matrix of all Egyptian civilization. It establishes the pioneer nature of this Etymological Essay in the English language, as most of the studies in keeping with its findings are to be found in the scholarly literature of Europe and North Africa. 1. Archaic Terminology: The chapter traces the origins of early settlements of the northwestern region of Egypt, the desert oases, the Fayum, the region of the Lakes, and the western portion of the delta of the Nile, by Saharan and Libyan archaic people, with specific emphasis on archaic topography which can be directly related to Modern Amazigh spoken today in North Africa (Tamazirt.) 2,The Pillar People: The review of a number of terms from the mythology and ceremonial procedures of dynastic Egypt shows the influence of those early settlers named The People of the Pillars (Intui) on the beliefs and practices perpetuated through centuries in Egypt, and the presence of an all pervasive worship of these early origins: (cult of ancestors.) 3.The Holy rulers of First Princes of Egypt: An intensive comparative review of ancient Egyptian and Modern Amazigh terms reveals that the first noble rulers of the area were of Amazigh origin. A series of families of terms link quite clearly a number of beliefs and practices to the North African cultural complex. 4.Tehuti, time and the Wisdom of the stars is a chapter delving a little more deeply into the cosmogony and cosmology of the early Egyptians, and the roots of that knowledge in archaic practices, which have parallel indicators in North Africa. 5. The Innermost Shrine from The Book of the Dead: The geography of the Land of the Beyond, Tu-at (Du-Ament), and a variety of important indices throughout the Book of the Dead indicate quite clearly that the final return of the defunct to the Blessed Land of the Ancestors was also a step by step description of their claim of descent from these original beings. The rule of “Ma-aa-at,” the organizing principle of an entire civilization for centuries, or ‘NTR,” originated in the area of the Sacred lakes and the ancient settlements of the Fayum and oasis complex. Linguistic comparison with Modern Amazigh continues to indicate the kinship of those people with North African Imazighen (also known as Berbers.) 6. A Conclusion, Notes, and an Appendix, which is the reproduction of an article published in The Amazigh Voice, a publication of the Amazigh Cultural Association in America, indicate the pioneer aspect of such a work and the direction in which further linguistic studies could bring increasing light into areas of Egyptian scholarship heretofore deemed as obscure and/or of barbarous origin. .
The way to maintain a Christianized falsehood is to stigmatize the real truth to such an extent that it would be heresy to even listen to it. For one who is seeking historical truth . . . A record held sacred is for the most part fundamentally vitiated [vitiated (Random House): 1. spoiled; marred. 2. perverted; corrupted. 3. rendered invalid] (Tacitus, 1, 2, 13; p. 2556). What does Christianity teach man? Christianity teaches that the human race is depraved, fallen, and sinful (D. James Kennedy, Why I Believe, World Publishing, 1980). This book is about the Christian leadership, which planned from the very beginning to deceive mankind, force feed mankind with their intellectual arrogance, convolutions, superstitions, and boldly admit to it; fabricating lies so preposterous and so deliberately outlandish that even the saints, who also obliged Christian subjects with their theological tunnel vision, had to write of them. The series of books entitled In His Name will virtually challenge everything you have been taught about Christianity. Just because something is old or of antiquity does not necessarily mean that it is the Truth! (1 Timothy). Christian apologists proclaim that Christianity is not only a Revelation of Divine Truth; it is also the Inspiration to a more virtuous life (excerpt from The History of the Orthodox Church by Rev. Constantine Callinikos). Time itself will someday expose the fallacies of their faith, a faith that not only deceives its followers but a faith that will also condemn them and condemn all constructive sacred learning. ________________________________________ Oh, what a tangled web we weave . . . When first we practice to deceive! (Sir Walter Scott). ________________________________________ Why do Christian churches refuse to let their congregations read of the beginnings of their faith? Why does the Christian Church refuse to allow their membership to read of the original authors? Why does the Church equate suffering with virtue? This book will challenge your beliefs. It is meant to get one to think rationally, sensibly, realistically. However, one must know that most churches do not want you to think rationally; they would rather you not think at all. At one time, the Catholic Church even issued guidelines as to which books a university could, with permission, disseminate to its students, and even the works of Aristotle [the Prince of Philosophers] and the Holy Bible itself were actually forbidden.
Setting out from the observation made in the social sciences that maternal grief can at times be a motor of societal change, Ekaterina E. Kozlova demonstrates that a similar mechanism operates also in the biblical world. Kozlova argues that maternal grief is treated as a model or archetype of grief in biblical and Ancient Near Eastern literature. The work considers three narratives and one poem that illustrate the transformative power of maternal grief in the biblical presentation: Gen 21, Hagar and Ishmael in the desert; 2 Sam 21: 1-14, Rizpah versus King David; 2 Sam 14, the speech of the Tekoite woman; Jer 31: 15-22, Rachel weeping for her children. Although only one of the texts literally refers to a bereaved mother (2 Sam 21 on Rizpah), all four passages draw on the motif of maternal grief, and all four stage some form of societal transformation.
Ararat" and Armenia in the Bible and associated traditions -- Jews in Armenia in the ancient period (First century BCE - Fifth Century CE) -- The Middle Ages -- Other Armenian-Jewish connections.
Late antiquity was a perilous time for children, who were often the first victims of economic crisis, war, and disease. They had a one in three chance of dying before their first birthday, with as many as half dying before age ten. Christian writers accordingly sought to speak to the experience of bereavement and to provide cultural scripts for parents who had lost a child. These late ancient writers turned to characters like Eve and Sarah, Job and Jephthah as models for grieving and for confronting or submitting to the divine. Jephthah's Daughter, Sarah’s Son traces the stories these writers crafted and the ways in which they shaped the lived experience of familial bereavement in ancient Christianity. A compelling social history that conveys the emotional lives of people in the late ancient world, Jephthah's Daughter, Sarah's Son is a powerful portrait of mourning that extends beyond antiquity to the present day.
This is a study of how and why the Byzantine Empire lost many of its most valuable provinces to Islamic (Arab) conquerors in the seventh century, provinces which included Syria, Palestine, Mesopotamia, and Armenia. It investigates conditions on the eve of those conquests, mistakes in Byzantine policy toward the Arabs, the course of the military campaigns, and the problem of local official and civilian collaboration with the Muslims. It also seeks to explain how, after terrible losses, the Byzantine government achieved some intellectual rationalisation of its disasters and began the complex process of transforming and adapting its fiscal and military institutions and political controls in order to prevent further disintegration.
Since the advent of religion upon our earth, humankind has sought to spiritually connect effectively with the Supreme Being, Source of All, and Great Cosmic Creator. Today, many confused current and former followers of religious doctrines and churchgoers still question God about the reason for their existence. In other words, they are sincerely seeking to discover their life purpose while asking, Why am I here? In Finding Your Benben Stone: - Learn how to connect your mind with the universal quantum life force to awaken unto the highest level of spiritual Consciousness, and continually draw upon the infinite powers of the Great Cosmic Seed of Life within this New Age of Enlightenment. - Understand how to find your life purpose by following your intuition and passionate feelings. - Experience being set free of fear, worry, doubt, and lack of self-confidence by the all-powerful and encompassing comforter: The Spirit of Truth. - Discover how to enter the kingdom of heaven within you, so that you may receive the desires of your heart and experience the most imaginable bliss-filled life of abundance.
Few of Dr. Ben's books are written with co-authors. The Black Man's North and East Africa is an exception. Written with one of his early colleagues, George E. Simmonds, this work attacks the racist manipulation of African and Black history by 'educators' and 'authorities on Africa'. Defenders of the Africans' right to tell their own story, the authors insist that Black people must take responsibility for their own history, "Until African (Black) people are willing, and do write their own experience, past, and present, we will continue being slaves, mentally, physically, and spiritually, to Caucasian and Semitic racism and religious bigotry.
Rabbi or Messiah? Prophet or the Son of God? People have debated the identity of Jesus of Nazareth since the first century. But what if there was no Jesus? What if there was no Mary or Joseph, no twelve apostles? What if the story of Jesus was no more than a myth to convey spiritual truth? These claims have been around for hundreds of years and have become more prominent with well-known religion columnist Tom Harpur's recent book, The Pagan Christ. Harpur claims that Jesus was not a historical figure, but was one version of an ancient myth that can be traced from ancient Egyptian religion to the Roman mystery cults. Stanley Porter and Stephen Bedard tackle this radical claim by looking at the roots of the "pagan Christ idea," examining the supposed pagan parallels and presenting the evidence for the historical Jesus. The authors demonstrate that the suggestion of pagan origins for the Gospel story is not based on historical or textual evidence, but rather on a desire to create a universalistic spirituality revolving around a "Cosmic Christ" within each person. A fair examination of both the mythological and biblical texts reveal that the traditional understanding of an actual historical figure known as Jesus of Nazareth appearing two thousand years ago is indeed the only logical conclusion. Stanley E. Porter is President and Dean, and Professor of New Testament at McMaster Divinity College, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Porter has M.A. degrees from Claremont Graduate School and Trinity Evangelical Divinity School, and the Ph.D. from the University of Sheffield. He has written widely on issues of concern in study of the New Testament, such as Jesus, Paul, the book of Acts, and John. He has a passion for education in the church, and preaches and teaches regularly. Stephen J. Bedard is the pastor of Woodford Baptist Church and First Baptist Church, Meaford, Ontario, Canada. He holds the M.Div. and M.Th. degrees from McMaster Divinity College, and is actively engaged in further graduate study. Bedard is an advocate of informed preaching and teaching, and is devoted to the ministry of the local church.
Delving into the life and work of John Dee, Renaissance mathematician and "conjurer to Queen Elizabeth," György E. Szo‹nyi presents an analysis of Renaissance occultism and its place in the chronology of European cultural history. Culling examples of "magical thinking" from classical, medieval, and Renaissance philosophers, Szo‹nyi revisits the body of Dee's own scientific and spiritual writings as reflective sources of traditional mysticism. Exploring the intellectual foundations of magic, Szo‹nyi focuses on the ideology of exaltatio, the glorification or deification of man. He argues that it was the desire for exaltatio that framed and tied together the otherwise varied thoughts and activities of John Dee as well.
Through rigorous examination of papyrological documentary sources, archaeology, and traditional literary sources, James Goehring gradually forces a new direction in understanding the evolution of monasticism. He ably transforms these sources into a clear narrative, thereby infusing the history of Egyptian monasticism with renewed energy.
Growing scholarly debate in recent years on the religious world of late antiquity has focused new attention on the quest for holiness by early Christian monks known as the desert fathers. This book explores the setting within which their early monastic movement emerged.
Hailed as early Christian texts as important as the Dead Sea Scrolls, yet condemned by the Vatican as Islamic heresies, the Lead books of Granada, written on discs of lead and unearthed on a Granadan hillside, weave a mysterious tale of duplicity and daring set in the religious crucible of sixteenth-century Spain. This book evaluates the cultural status and importance of these polyvalent, ambiguous artefacts which embody many of the dualities and paradoxes inherent in the racial and religious dilemmas of Early Modern Spain. Using the words of key individuals, and set against the background of conflict between Spanish Christians and Moriscos in the late fifteen-hundreds, The Lead Books of Granada tells a story of resilient resistance and creative ingenuity in the face of impossibly powerful negative forces, a resistance embodied by a small group of courageous, idealistic men who lived a double life in Granada just before the expulsion of the Moriscos.
First published in 1951 Encyclopaedia of Religion and Religions is the book where in one volume may be found information- clearly written, unbiased, and accurate- on the Founders and great personalities, the theological tenets and philosophical ideas, the rites, ceremonies and practices, the scriptures and creeds, the Churches, and organizations, of all the religions that have played a vital part in the life of the human race. Whenever possible, the articles, which range in length from a paragraph to comprehensive studies of several thousand words, have been submitted for approval by recognized authorities, and this is particularly so in the cases of the Christian Churches and Denominations. But the work is essentially a whole, written by one who has devoted many years to the subject and is a trained encyclopaedist, with an encyclopaedist’s dispassionate yet sympathetic and understanding approach to facts that are of immense and perennial importance and interest. This is an essential historical resource for scholars and researchers of religion.
Matthew's Gospel contains material unique to it among the canonical Gospels. What is the background for this material? Why does the writer of Matthew's Gospel tell the story of Jesus in the way he does--including women in his genealogy, telling the story of the birth of Jesus in his particular way, and including the visit of the magi led by a star? Enoch and the Gospel of Matthew shows that the writer of Matthew was familiar with themes and traditions about the antediluvian patriarch Enoch, including the story of the fall of the angels called "watchers," who transgress their heavenly boundaries to engage in illicit relations with women and teach them forbidden arts. The Gospel writer shows that Jesus brings about the eschatological repair of the consequences of the watchers' fall as told in the Enochic legend. This study focuses on Matthew's genealogy and infancy narrative and also has implications for the study of women in Matthew, since it is often through the stories of women in Matthew that the repair of the watchers' transgression takes place.
In three carefully researched volumes, this ground-breaking study examines the gift of tongues through two thousand years of church history. Starting in the present and working back in time, these volumes consider (1) the modern redefinition of “tongues” as a private prayer language; (2) the church’s perennial understanding of “tongues” as ordinary human languages; and (3) the Corinthian “tongues,” which, in light of Jewish liturgical tradition, turn out to have been a Semitic liturgical language requiring bilingual interpreters. This second volume tracks the perception and practice of tongues back through the first eighteen hundred years of church history, demonstrating that “tongue-speaking” was always active but puzzlingly different from today’s glossolalia. From Pope Benedict XIV’s detailed treatise in the 1700s, it works back through long-forgotten scholastic and patristic debates to the earliest Christian writers such as Irenaeus. No other resource on the subject approaches the depth and scope of the present volume.
Analysis and criticism of Picasso's painting Guernica and key related Picasso paintings. In addition, there are two unauthenticated related drawings thought to be by Picasso by this author. Since this is a critique of art, quotes are considered by the author to be Fair Use.
This book centres on funeral rituals in Tibetan Buddhism with particular emphasis on their structure and performance. Drawing on historical travel literature, anthropological studies and ethnographic literature, as well as Tibetan texts and existing academic studies, the book describes and analyses Tibetan Buddhist funeral rituals from the earliest available records up to the present. It demonstrates that there is no standard form of funeral in Tibetan Buddhism, although certain elements are shared.The structure of the book follows the twin trajectories of benefit and protection, and in the process reveals a rich and complex panoply of activities, some handled by religious professionals and others by lay persons. Many rituals take place between death and disposal of the body.In addition to providing detailed information on these various activities, the book analyses the information to identify commonalities and differences in practices. The degree to which Tibetan Buddhist funeral practices are consistent with the mortuary rituals of other forms of Buddhism is also discussed, as are the elements that appear to be specific to Tibetan practice. The author suggests that a number of elements in these death rituals which at first glance appear to be unique to Tibetan Buddhism may only be ‘Tibetan' in their surface characteristics, while having roots in practices which pre-date the transmission of Buddhism to Tibet.
Since 1963 the seriesPatristische Texte und Studienhas been publishing research findings coordinated by the Patristics Commission, which today is a joint venture of all the German Academies. The series is presenting editions, commentaries and monographs on the writings and teachings of the Church Fathers.
Ezra Pound met Margaret Cravens in Paris in 1910 during one of his most creative and formative periods. Margaret Cravens, of Madison, Indiana, had come to Paris several years earlier to study piano and was drawn to the young Pound out of a shared interest in poetry and the arts. Their friendship began when she offered Pound generous financial support, which continued, unknown to anyone else, until June 1912, when she committed suicide in Paris, one year after her father's suicide in Indiana. Pound was deeply affected by her death, as was the poet H. D., who had recently come to know her. Pound's letters to Cravens, extensively annotated, are published here for the first time; her suicide note to him is also included. Ezra Pound and Margaret Cravens contains photographs and previously unpublished material by Pound and H.D., as well as an excerpt from H.D.'s autobiographical novel Asphodel, in which Cravens figures prominently. This portrait of a friendship provides insight into the literary achievements of Pound and H.D. and tells the unknown story of Margaret Cravens's tragic life.
A detailed compilation of books on polite conduct from Elyot's The Governour to Chesterfield's Letters, with generous quotations from the more important ones.
Surviving in Black Skin By: Webster E. Moore Surviving in Black Skin is about growth, revelations, going into the unknown, becoming more than everything we've ever learned, and simply loving the desire and pleasure of discovery. This book is about Webster E. Moore’s discovery that people in black skins were the first architects, the first astronomers, the first physicians, the first scientists. He then discovered after experiencing the constant negation of any history beyond slavery that the history of people in black skins are the blueprints, the foundation, the mold from which people in white skins built their history. The message here is how there is no end to the racism that Christianity used to support slavery and the lynching of people in black skins. That is relevant to the continued lynching of blacks today by the old slave catchers called police. What we as readers will take away from this book is a better sense of what happened and that we are all equal beings under God. The politics of religions that supported slavery and the practice of racism over the centuries, continuing today with their false teachings about the Jews being enslaved by the Egyptians, and all the falsities related to that narrative, must change. The changes in thinking will free the children of people in black skins as well as other skin colors to know that their people are the ones that fed, clothed, sheltered, and supplied the foundation that built and maintained western civilization.
In this conclusion to the Psammead Trilogy, Cyril, Anthea, Robert, and Jane are reunited with the cantankerous Sand-fairy. While the old creature can’t grant them wishes anymore, it points them towards an old Egyptian amulet that can grant their hearts’ desire—in this case the return of their parents and baby brother. While their amulet is only half of a whole, it still acts as a time portal which they use to visit locales like Ancient Egypt, Babylon, Atlantis, and even a utopian future in search of the missing other half. Perhaps one of E. Nesbit’s most personal works, The Story of the Amulet benefited from her interest in the ancient world, particularly Egypt. With the help of A. E. Wallis Budge, to whom the book is dedicated—then Head of the Assyrian Departments of the British Museum and translator of the Egyptian Book of the Dead—she conducted extensive research on the topic and is thus able to bring an exquisite attention to detail. For example, the titular amulet is shaped after the tyet, an Egyptian symbol also known as the “knot of Isis.” Likewise, the inscription at the back of the amulet is written in authentic Egyptian hieroglyphs. A staunch supporter of democratic socialism and a founding member of the Fabian Society, E. Nesbit cultivated friendships with other like-minded writers, such as George Bernard Shaw and H. G. Wells, whose influence on this book is easy to notice. She practiced what she preached, so much so that despite her literary successes, her acts of charity brought her close to bankruptcy. These political beliefs are prominently displayed in the book. The children encounter memorable characters during their adventures, chief among them the Queen of Babylon, who causes quite a stir when she later pays them a call in their contemporary London. When the visiting Queen witnesses the squalid living conditions of the London working class, she’s amazed at how poorly they’re treated compared to the slaves of her own Babylon. Likewise, the utopian future—which features a wink to her friend H. G. Wells, the “great reformer”—is a striking contrast in terms of the happiness, care, and education of the general populace. The book’s legacy can be found in the works of other writers. Most notably, C. S. Lewis incorporated several elements in his Chronicles of Narnia: the Calormene civilization of The Horse and His Boy draws heavily from The Amulet’s Babylon, and the episode in The Magician’s Nephew where Jadis, the White Witch, causes chaos during her short stay in London is also a direct homage to the aforementioned visit from the Queen. The format of these stories, where a group of people take their audience on adventures through time and space to learn about distant cultures, is an uncanny precursor to the popular British TV series Doctor Who.
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