The Battle of Fromelles (19-20 July 1916) witnessed the first time Australian forces were used in offenses on the Western Front, and thus looms large in Commonwealth perceptions of ‘Bumbling British Generals’. This book follows the battle plan from the supreme commander’s strategic designs down through the commands at operational and tactical headquarters until it became the orders sending the infantry into the attack. In so doing it provides a unique insight into the strengths and weaknesses of British command structure, allowing a more scholarly judgement of its effectiveness.
Equal Time, Equal Value is the first systematic investigation of Time Banking in the United States. Drawing upon detailed case studies and making use of a mix of qualitative and quantitative data this book explores the most popular type of what has been called 'community currencies', in which localized systems based on time or dollar equivalents act as the medium of exchange. As such, it offers rich insights into the challenge presented by Time Banking to both the traditional social service and economic models, through the creation of an environment of reciprocity in which everyone's work has equal value. Locating Time Banking within the context of community currencies more generally and investigating the particular characteristics that are central to the production of positive outcomes, Equal Time, Equal Value examines the organizational characteristics of Time Banks, as well as the motivations of members, types and patterns of exchanges, and the effects on members of Time Bank participation in the USA. A timely and detailed exploration of exchange systems at a time of rising unemployment and declining confidence in global economic structures, this book will appeal to sociologists, cultural geographers and anthropologists with interests in social movements, the sociology of work, health promotion and policy, inequality and questions of the creation of community and sustainability.
During the Allied victory celebrations there were few who chose to raise a glass to the staff. The high cost of casualties endured by the British army tarnished the reputation of the military planners, which has yet to recover. This book examines the work and development of the staff of the British army during the First World War and its critical role in the military leadership team. Their effectiveness was germane to the outcome of events in the front line but not enough consideration has been paid to this level of command and control, which has largely been overshadowed by the debate over generalship. This has painted an incomplete picture of the command function. Characterised as arrogant, remote and out of touch with the realities of the front line, the staff have been held responsible for the mismanagement of the war effort and profligate loss of lives in futile offensives. This book takes a different view. By using their letters and diaries it reveals fresh insights into their experience of the war. It shows that the staff made frequent visits to the front line and were no strangers to combat or hostile fire. Their work is also compared with their counterparts in the French and German armies, highlighting differences in practice and approach. In so doing, this study throws new light upon the characteristics, careers and working lives of these officers, investigating the ways in which they both embraced and resisted change. This offers evidence both for those who wish to exonerate the British command system on the basis of the learning process but also for those critical of its performance, thus advancing understanding of British military history in the First World War.
Memory is seldom explored through the experience of geographically mobile, racialized populations. Whilst the relationships between the political value of landscape and national memory have previously been written through, there has been little mention of postcolonial, 'diasporic' racialized citizens. Using both visual and material culture, this book examines the value of 'landscape and memory' for postcolonial migrants living in Britain. It uses memory to examine how postcolonial citizenship in Britain is experienced - through remembered citizenships of 'other' geographies abroad. By reflecting on the cultural landscapes of British Asian women, the book reveals social-historical narratives about migration, citizenship and belonging. New spaces of memory are presented as mobile and as politically charged with meaning as the more formal spaces of memorialization. The book offers a refiguring of race memory as being critical to English heritage and postcolonial politics and makes an important contribution to the writings on memory, race and landscape.
A favourite of Queen Elizabeth I, Sir Henry Lee was known as ‘the most accomplished cavaliero’ in England. This handsome, entertaining and highly convivial gentleman was an important participant in life at court as Elizabeth’s tournament champion. He created the spectacular Accession Day tournaments held annually before London crowds of more than 8,000 people, was Lieutenant of Elizabeth’s palace at Woodstock, and Master of the Armoury at the Tower of London during the Spanish Armada. This is the only biography of Sir Henry Lee in print, and explores the interaction of politics, culture and society of the Elizabethan court through the eyes of a popular and long-serving courtier. Indeed, few other courtiers managed to live such a long and satisfying life, and although this study of Sir Henry’s life shows a diverse nature typical of many Elizabethan gentlemen - his travels to the courts of Italy, his knowledge of arms and armour, his delight in the world of emblems and symbolism, his close association with Philip Sidney, and his intimate relationship with a notorious woman at least thirty years his junior - it also questions what it meant to be a courtier. Was the game actually worth the candle?
The American Reaper adopts a network approach to account for the international diffusion of harvesting technology from North America, from the invention of the reaper through to the formation of a dominant transnational corporation, International Harvester. Much previous historical research into industrial networks focuses on industrial districts within metropolitan centres, but by focusing on harvesting - a typically rural technology - this book is able to analyse the spread of technological knowledge through a series of local networks and across national boundaries. In doing so it argues that the industry developed through a relatively stable stage from the 1850s into the 1890s, during which time many firms shared knowledge within and outside the US through patent licensing, to spread the diffusion of the American style of machines to establishments located around the industrial world. This positive cooperation was further enhanced through sales networks that appear to be early expressions of managerial firms. The book also reinterprets the rise of giant corporations, especially International Harvester Corporation (IHC), arguing that mass production was achieved in Chicago in the 1880s, where unprecedented urban growth made possible a break with the constraints felt elsewhere in the dispersed production system. It unleashed an unchecked competitive market economy with destructive tendencies throughout the transnational 'American reaper' networks; a previously stable and expanding production system. This is significant because the rise of corporate capital in this industry is usually explained as an outworking of national natural advantage, as an ingenious harnessing of science and technology to solve production problems, and as a rational solution to the problems associated with the worst forms of unregulated competition that emerged as independent firms developed from small-scale, artisanal production to large-scale manufacturers, on their own and within the separate and isolated US economy. The first study dedicated to the development and diffusion of American harvesting machine technology, this book will appeal to scholars from a diverse range of fields, including economic history, business history, the history of knowledge transfer, historical geography and economic geography.
Betrayal goes to the heart of US officials’ (and their partners’) self-serving injury to the health and welfare of the United States and the world. US public officials’ abandonment of public health for private wealth leaves the world and nation reeling from one USA-made (deliberate) crisis—of violence and disease, hunger and homelessness, deterioration and diminishment of quality conditions in workplaces and public education—to another. Their all-round acts of “legalized” corruption, their international crimes with impunity, and their deregulation-driven denial of essential needs such as clean water and air, food and work safety, shelter, and life itself constitute ultimate and everlasting betrayal. The nonfiction account in the areas of US politics, domestic affairs and foreign relations, leadership, law and democracy, and war and peace cites examples of callous, crisis-driven betrayal.
This volume explores how the idea of 'culture' is used and exploited by transnational managers to further their own ambitions and their companies' strategies for expansion. It thus provides a more complex picture of culture than has previously been presented in business studies, in that it deals with the strategic value of culture within organizations rather than viewing it as a neutral concept and, through using qualitative methodologies, gives us a full picture of the lived experience of culture in a multinational corporation. It also considers the impact of global corporate activity on both national and organizational cultures, as well as looking specifically at the ways in which communications technology is used as a site of conflict and negotiation in business. This book will be an invaluable resource for both researchers and professionals, yielding important new insights into the roles of local and global cultures in the operation of transnational corporations.
A life-changing treatment is conquering auto-immune disorders—why doesn’t anyone know about it? Thirty-five years ago, Dr. Richard Burt began a journey to treat chronic autoimmune diseases as they’d never been treated before. Using a treatment originally developed for leukemia but modified to be more gentle—a one-time combination of immune targeting drugs followed by a transplant of the patient’s blood stem cells—he has documented the successful and often dramatic reversal of multiple sclerosis, systemic sclerosis (scleroderma), chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIPD), neuromyelitis optica, and Crohn’s disease. After decades of study and randomized trials, his approach, which has been duplicated in other parts of the world, is finally being recognized as an effective means of reversing these “incurable” diseases. Some of his patients have been symptom-free for more than twenty years, and in this book Dr. Burt tells their stories alongside his own journey of developing and refining the treatment, known as hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) for autoimmune disorders. “These patients are the heroes,” Dr. Burt has said. “Their bodies and spirits faced unrelenting disease, and yet they fight valiantly against the suffering and obstacles.” What is HSCT? How does it work? What are the risks? Why aren’t more doctors talking about it? And why is it still out of reach for so many patients who could benefit from it? Dr. Burt answers these questions and many more. Written for the layperson, Everyday Miracles grants patients with autoimmune diseases and the people who love them insights into the revolutionary approach that could convert their life sentence into a one-time reversible illness.
As the premier livery company, the Mercers Company in medieval England enjoyed a prominent role in London's governance and exercised much influence over England's overseas trade and political interests. This substantial two-volume set provides a comprehensive edition of the surviving Mercers' accounts from 1347 to 1464, and opens a unique window into the day-to-day workings of one of England's most powerful institutions at the height of its influence. The accounts list income, derived from fees for apprentices and entry fees, from fines (whose cause is usually given, sometimes with many details), from gifts and bequests, from property rents, and from other sources, and then list expenditures: on salaries to priests and chaplains, to the beadle, the rent-collector, and to scribes and scriveners; on alms payments; on quit-rents due on their properties; on repairs to properties; and on a whole host of other costs, differing from year to year, and including court cases, special furnishings for the chapel or Hall, negotiations over trade with Burgundy, transport costs, funeral costs or those for attendance at state occasions, etc. Included also in some years are ordinances, deeds and other material of which they wanted to ensure a record was kept. Beginning with an early account for 1347–48, and the company's ordinances of that year, the accounts preserved form an entire block from 1390 until 1464. The material is arranged in facing-page format, with an accurate edition of the original text mirrored by a translation into modern English. A substantial introduction describes the manuscripts in full detail and explains the accounting system used by the Mercers and the financial vocabulary associated with it. Exhaustive name and subject indexes ensure that the material is easily accessible and this edition will become an essential tool for all studying the social, cultural or economic developments of late-medieval England.
Examining the automatic writing of the spiritualist séances, discursive technologies like the telegraph and the photograph, various genres and late nineteenth-century mental science, this book shows the failure of writers' attempts to use technology as a way of translating the supernatural at the fin de siècle. Hilary Grimes shows that both new technology and explorations into the ghostly aspects of the mind made agency problematic. When notions of agency are suspended, Grimes argues, authorship itself becomes uncanny. Grimes's study is distinct in both recognizing and crossing strict boundaries to suggest that Gothic literature itself resists categorization, not only between literary periods, but also between genres. Treating a wide range of authors - Henry James, Rudyard Kipling, Arthur Conan Doyle, George Du Maurier, Vernon Lee, Mary Louisa Molesworth, Sarah Grand, and George Paston - Grimes shows how fin-de-siècle works negotiate themes associated with the Victorian and Modernist periods such as psychical research, mass marketing, and new technologies. With particular attention to texts that are not placed within the Gothic genre, but which nevertheless conceal Gothic themes, The Late Victorian Gothic demonstrates that the end of the nineteenth century produced a Gothicism specific to the period.
Exploring the controversy surrounding therapeutic human cloning, this book draws upon data collected from news articles and interviews with journalists to examine the role of mass media in shaping biomedical controversies. With specific reference to the US and the UK as two leading scientific nations grappling with the global issue of therapeutic cloning, together with attention to the important role played by nations in Southeast Asia, this book sheds light on media representations of scientific developments, the unrealistic hype that can surround them, the influence of religion and the potentially harmful imposition of journalistic and nationalist values on the scientific field. Empirically grounded and theoretically innovative, The Therapeutic Cloning Debate will appeal to social scientists across a range of disciplines with interests in science communication, public engagement, cultural and media studies, science politics, science journalism, the sociology of expert knowledge and risk. It will also appeal to scientists, journalists, policymakers and others interested in how news media frame science for the public.
Albert Einstein once wrote: "The supreme task of the physicist is to arrive at those universal laws from which the cosmos can be built up by pure deduction." Remarkably, in this book we arrive at those universal axioms from which universal science can be built up by pure deduction. Within the prevailing paradigm of science - the mathematical philosophy of nature - we show it is not possible to unify science. To overcome this limitation we introduce a new, more general paradigm. Since the new paradigm is a generalisation of the mathematical philosophy of nature, we are able to retain the mathematical knowledge built up within the prevailing paradigm. Within the new paradigm we introduce four empirical universal axioms, from which we deduce that it is not possible to mathematically unify the two fundamental theories of physics - quantum theory and general relativity. Instead, from the universal axioms we logically deduce the first symmetry of nature, the first invariance of nature, the universal arrow of time, the universal laws of nature, and the three universal dynamic theories of nature - quantum theory, general relativity and universal evolution. The first symmetry of nature and first invariance of nature arise from the constancy of the universal laws of nature not only being a symmetry, but a unifying symmetry. The biological view of universal evolution provides a new theory of biological evolution that replaces what we show is the deficient neo-Darwinian synthesis. In a similar way, theories of evolution in all the sciences are based on their respective views of universal evolution. From the universal axioms, we deduce the universal features of nature thereby unifying physics, chemistry, biology, psychology, sociology, economics and all of science. This book is written for scientifically-inclined general readers, teachers, students, scientists, philosophers, physicists, chemists, biologists, psychologists, sociologists, and economists.
The book describes what goes on behind the scenes in undergraduate and postgraduate medical education, scientific research and general medical practice in the United Kingdom. It covers the years 1945 to 2012 and is an account of a unique medical journey. The author was brought up by parents who were general practitioners in Yorkshire. His upbringing was thoroughly middle class and his observations of his parents work and lifestyle resulted in his wanting to be a doctor. Medical student life at University College London was hard work. Several of his teachers were eminent and world famous. Two of them were Professors J Z Young (anatomy) and Andrew Huxley (Physiology and Nobel Prize winner). Life-long friendships were made with fellow students who worked together dissecting a human body. Experiments were performed on one another. The social life in the 1960s of a group of medical student friends is described. Studying octopuses and squid in Naples, Italy. Was part of an extra degree course which was undertaken before starting hospital clinical studies? These were at The London Hospital, Whitechapel, in the east end of London. There was so much to learn before being allowed to practice as a doctor. Clinical studies were undertaken at The London Hospital, Whitechapel. This is one of the oldest hospitals in the UK. There is a huge learning curve which resulted in a doctor just about able to deal with patients. A year of pre-registration work started on the medical wards at Mile End Hospital followed by a period in the Receiving Room (Accident and Emergency Department) at The London Hospital. The pre-registration house jobs sometimes involved working 100 hours a week. Nights in the accident emergency department were manned by one pre-registration house officer and a nurse. There is a description of what is involved undertaking research to PhD level in physiology. A new clinical thermometer was designed, tested and eventually manufactured and sold by the instrument developer Muirhead Ltd. So soon after being a student, the wheels had turned and the author was teaching students himself. There is an account of starting work as a General Practitioner in Cheltenham having not seen a single patient for the previous three years. After that he worked for a short time in a London practice and then in Castleford, West Yorkshire from 1978 to 2005. He and his wife build the practice up from a zero base to a thriving training practice housed in a large modern clinic. Doing this was financially risky as well as stressful. The development of postgraduate general practice education in Yorkshire in the last two decades of the twentieth century is described. There are descriptions of becoming a trainer of prospective GPs and then organising and managing trainers. The role of a GP tutor in the education of GPs was undertaken as a specific job. Work on the assessment of the competence of trainee GPs was overseen in the Yorkshire Deanery, based in Leeds, West Yorkshire. Work on the monitoring of the GP contract with the NHS and the GP appraisal scheme was undertaken by NHS Wakefield district, a Primary Care Trust. The author worked for both these bodies and what was involved in GP appraisal and inspection of practices target achievements is examined in detail. Work with ill and underperforming general practitioners is described as well as mentoring GPs with problems and worries. Very few patient problems and cases are included in this book which rather tells of the work that went on in the background. It is that work that produces high quality doctors and also year on year improvement in patient care. The last chapter involved informal interviews in 2012 with people studying and working in the same fields experienced over the years by the author and outlined above. Readers are asked to judge whether the present day situation is an improvement on
A decade after the Restoration of Charles II, a disturbing group of tragedies, dubbed by modern critics the horror or the blood-and-torture villain tragedies, burst onto the London stage. Ten years later they were gone - absorbed into the partisan frenzy which enveloped the theatre at the height of the Exclusion Crisis. Despite burgeoning interest, until now there has been no full investigation into why these deeply unsettling plays were written when they were and why they so fascinated audiences for the period that they held the stage. The author’s contention is that the genre of horror gains its popularity at times of social dislocation. It reflects deep schisms in society, and English society was profoundly unsettled and in a (delayed) state of shock from years of social upheaval and civil conflict. Through recurrent images of monstrosity, madness, venereal disease, incest and atheism, Hermanson argues that the horror dramatists trope deep-seated and unresolved anxieties - engaging profoundly with contemporary discourse by abreacting the conspiratorial climate of suspicion and fear. Some go as far as to question unequivocally the moral and political value of monarchy, vilifying the office of kingship and pushing ideas of atheism further than in any drama produced since Seneca. This study marks the first comprehensive investigation of these macabre tragedies in which playwrights such as Nathaniel Lee, Thomas Shadwell, Elkanah Settle, Thomas Otway and the Earl of Rochester take their audience on an exploration of human iniquity, thrusting them into an examination of man’s relationship to God, power, justice and evil.
Igniting the Flame: Empowering Youth Through Family Worship Are you ready to revolutionize your approach to reaching young hearts within the church? Look no further than "Family Worship: Reaching All Who Attend," a compelling and biblically grounded resource that equips you to effectively connect with the youth. It's time to inspire, guide, and empower the next generation, setting them on a path of spiritual growth and lifelong faith. In this transformative book, you will embark on a journey of spiritual insight and discovery. The author's motto, "If you train them when they are young, you won't have to teach them when they are older," serves as the guiding principle throughout. With a keen focus on the importance of youth and the power of incorporating church services to engage them, this book delves deep into the strategies, methods, and approaches that truly resonate with young hearts. Prepare to have your thoughts provoked and your perspectives expanded as you explore the advantages and disadvantages of commonly used methods. Discover proactive means of reaching out to even the youngest church-goer, nurturing their faith, and building a strong foundation for their spiritual development. Whether you are a new Pastor, Youth Pastor, or Christian Educator, this book is an invaluable asset in your mission to cultivate the spiritual growth of young believers. It provides practical guidance, actionable insights, and thought-provoking ideas that will equip you to connect with youth on a deeper level. Let the transformative power of "Family Worship: Reaching All Who Attend" ignite the flame of faith within the hearts of the next generation. Don't miss this opportunity to make a lasting impact on the lives of young believers. Step into a new paradigm of family worship and experience the joy of seeing youth thrive in their spiritual journey. Get your copy of "Family Worship: Reaching All Who Attend" today and be empowered to shape the future of your church and community.
After retiring as a veterinarian, the author had much more time to spend with others, so he related stories of many of the experiences in his life. He was asked by family, friends, and others with whom he had shared if he had recorded these stories. Ernest never wanted to write his life story, but God revealed to him that he should record his experiences and title the book An Ordinary Man, An Extraordinary God. His procrastination to write ended when he had a back fusion with two rods and ten screws which required him to lay on a bone stimulator for four hours a day for six months; and during that time, he was not able to do any physical work. The book would show how God could take a country boy raised on a farm and use him to bring glory to God. Explaining how God used him could encourage others who also thought they were "nobodies" to realize that God could use any person that believed in God and spent time in His Word to walk in the Spirit and be led by the Spirit. The book begins just before Ernest received Jesus as his Lord and Savior and continues showing how, through His Word, the author received the baptism of the Holy Spirit, learned to walk in the Spirit, witnessed about God to others, prayed the prayer of faith for healing, cast out demons, and did other works of God. His walk with God and how he grew in faith is shared chronologically in the book. Now he could understand the groaning of the spirit within a Christian for the day of redemption when he would enter God's presence and be with Jesus for eternity.
How and why did our most acclaimed birdwatchers take up birding? What were their early experiences of nature? How have their professional birding careers developed? What motivates them and drives their passion for wildlife? How many birds have they seen? Mark Avery and Keith Betton, passionate birdwatchers and conservationists, interview members of the birdwatching community to answer these and many other questions about the lives of famous birdwatchers. They take you behind the scenes, and behind the binoculars, of a diverse range of birding and wildlife personalities. Behind the Binoculars includes interviews with: Chris Packham, Phil Hollom, Stuart Winter, Lee Evans, Steve Gantlett, Mark Cocker, Ian Wallace, Andy Clements, Mike Clarke, Debbie Pain, Keith Betton, Roger Riddington, Ian Newton, Stephanie Tyler, Mark Avery, Stephen Moss, Alan Davies and Ruth Miller, Rebecca Nason and Robert Gillmor.
A rich analysis of the American workplace in the larger context of an integrated global economy. The authors frame the development of jobs in an international comparative perspective, revealing the historical transformations of work and the profound effects these changes have had on lives, jobs, and life chances.
Anthony Eden, who served as both Foreign Secretary and Prime Minister, was one of the central political figures of the twentieth century. He had good looks, charm, a Military Cross from the Great War, an Oxford first and a secure parliamentary constituency from his mid-twenties. He was Foreign Secretary at the age of 38, and the first British statesman to meet Hitler, Mussolini and Stalin. Eden's dramatic resignation from Neville Chamberlain's Cabinet in 1938, outlined here in the fullest detail yet, made an international impact. This ground-breaking book examines his controversial life and tells the inside story of the Munich crisis (1938), the Geneva Conference (1954), Eden's battles with Churchill over the modernisation of the post-war Conservative Party and his rivalry with Butler and Macmillan in the early 1950s, culminating in a fascinating analysis of the Suez crisis.
Taking up Virginia Woolf's fascination with Greek literature and culture, this book explores her engagement with the nineteenth-century phenomenon of British Hellenism and her transformation of that multifaceted socio-cultural and political reality into a particular textual aesthetic, which Theodore Koulouris defines as 'Greekness.' Woolf was a lifelong student of Greek, but from 1907 to1909 she kept notes on her Greek readings in the Greek Notebook, an obscure and largely unexamined manuscript that contains her analyses of a number of canonical Greek texts, including Plato's Symposium, Homer's Odyssey, and Euripides' Ion. Koulouris's examination of this manuscript uncovers crucial insights into the early development of Woolf's narrative styles and helps establish the link between Greekness and loss. Woolf's 'Greekness,' Koulouris argues, enabled her to navigate male and female appropriations of British Hellenism and provided her with a means of articulating loss, whether it be loss of a great Hellenic past, women's vocality, immediate family members, or human civilization during the formative decades of the twentieth century. In drawing attention to the centrality of Woolf's early Greek studies for the elegiac quality of her writing, Koulouris maps a new theoretical terrain that involves reassessing long-established views on Woolf and the Greeks.
This first Asia-Pacific edition of Reilly/Brown’s Investment Analysis and Portfolio Management builds on the authors’ strong reputations for combining solid theory with practical application and has been developed especially for courses across the Australia, New Zealand, and Asia-Pacific regions. The real-world illustrations and hands-on activities enhance an already rigourous, empirical approach to topics such as investment instruments, capital markets, behavioural finance, hedge funds, and international investment. The text also emphasises how investment practice and theory are influenced by globalisation.
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