Billions of dollars are being spent nationally and globally on providing computing access to digitally disadvantaged groups and cultures with an expectation that computers and the Internet can lead to higher socio-economic mobility. This ethnographic study of social computing in the Central Himalayas, India, investigates alternative social practices with new technologies and media amongst a population that is for the most part undocumented. In doing so, this book offers fresh and critical perspectives in areas of contemporary debate: informal learning with computers, cyberleisure, gender access and empowerment, digital intermediaries, and glocalization of information and media.
Participatory Development (PDev) has been embraced by Third World governments and international organizations such as the World Bank as a means to reduce poverty and empower disadvantaged communities. The emphasis on creating partnerships and using participatory and people-centred approaches has obvious political appeal, yet there is evidence that in practice interventions designed to increase PDev and reduce poverty have yet to have the desired empowerment, transformation and sustainability effect. Using an in-depth study of the Basic Education Improvement Project (BEIP) implemented by the Government of Kenya, the authors of this book critically assess the fit between policy, practice and theory of PDev to shed light on theoretical debates that are on-going in development.
Between February and September 1988, the Iraqi government destroyed over 2000 Kurdish villages, killing somewhere between 50,000 and 100,000 civilians and displacing many more. The operation was codenamed Anfal which literally means 'the spoils of war'. For the survivors of this campaign, Anfal did not end in September 1988: the aftermath of this catastrophe is as much a part of the Anfal story as the gas attacks, disappearances and life in the camps. This book examines Kurdish women's experience of violence, destruction, the disappearance of loved ones, and incarceration during the Anfal campaign. It explores the survival strategies of these women in the aftermath of genocide. By bringing together and highlighting women's own testimonies, Choman Hardi reconstructs the Anfal narrative in contrast to the current prevailng one which is highly politicised, simplified, and nationalistic. It also addresses women's silences about sexual abuse and rape in a patriarchal society which holds them responsible for having been a victim of sexual violence.
The physical features of teenage kids change to catch up with their brain circuits ready to take on the pre-historic hunter-gatherer roles. The goal: resource mobilisation for survival. Resource mobilisation would not only help them survive but also to earn them invisible rewards by way of positive brain chemicals and electricity. However, the post-industrialisation scenario has been quite different. Teenagers get groomed via skill- or academic development to take on economic roles latest by their mid-twenties. Such grooming strategy does not always lead to the invisible rewards which they would have earned had they been playing their pre-historic hunter-gatherer roles. Most interestingly, today’s versatile digital gadgets offer ample scope for earning brain rewards at the cost of sedentary lifestyles. The prevailing work-and-study-from-home culture has prompted the teenagers becoming dependent on digital technology and getting addicted to the gadgets for earning rewards. There is thus a new need for the parents of today’s teenagers. They must smartly lead themselves and their kids so that digital technology is utilised for their healthy all-round development thus preventing any possibility of addiction. Divided into two parts, the Part 1 of this book throws light on the realities combined with tips; and, Part 2 introduces the new concept of Brain Tools for the use of the kids and the parents, based on the author’s ongoing research on Neuro-management (NM).
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