According to the Duvergerian theories, in the long run, only viable parties are expected to stand for elections. Non-viable parties should join a pre-electoral coalition with another party or withdraw from competition entirely. Why then do non-viable political parties throughout the world systematically continue presenting candidates? This book argues that political parties will take advantage of their viability in an arena to present candidacies in other arenas where they do not have chances to become viable.
egarded as being economically and politically stable, Sweden as one of the North European countries through the overall human mangement personal number system is considered a perfect nordic model. Regardless of the Swedish financial stability, the government during the last two terms (2014-2018 & 2018-2022) was then confronted to the unemployment and security problems. By being aware of these issues for many years, these remain the focal priorities for the Modarates. For an extended bright future, this political party shows the greatest interest in being present, ready and dedicated, at the 2022 votes, and for being elected on behalf of Swedes for these problems to be solved from today onwards. Once Moderates in power in 2022, people and corporate taxes will be lowered once again and with better prerequisite of effective safety. For increasing employment, security and economic growth, voters (natives and foreigners) may make the right choice in casting a vote for the Moderate party on Sunday, September 11, 2022.
According to the Duvergerian theories, in the long run, only viable parties are expected to stand for elections. Non-viable parties should join a pre-electoral coalition with another party or withdraw from competition entirely. Why then do non-viable political parties throughout the world systematically continue presenting candidates? This book responds to this evident but unanswered question to create a general theory about deviations from the Duvergerian equilibrium. The author argues that, far from being just a random or irrational decision, the choice of political parties to present candidates when they do not expect to achieve representation can be explained by the overlap of electoral arenas, that generate opportunities for viable parties to present candidates where they are non-viable. In sum, political parties will take advantage of their viability in an arena to present candidacies in other arenas where they do not have chances to become viable. The building of this new theory on electoral contamination allows the construction of a new and more encompassing conceptual framework through which to make sense of what, until now, has been understood as disparate phenomena and contributes to a better understanding of political parties’ strategic behaviour.
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