Few measures, if any, could claim to have had a greater impact on British society than the poor law. As a comprehensive system of relieving those in need, the poor law provided relief for a significant proportion of the population but influenced the behaviour of a much larger group that lived at or near the margins of poverty. It touched the lives of countless numbers of individuals not only as paupers but also as ratepayers, guardians, officials and magistrates. This system underwent significant change in the nineteenth century with the shift from the old to the new poor law. The extent to which changes in policy anticipated new legislation is a key question and is here examined in the context of London. Rapid population growth and turnover, the lack of personal knowledge between rich and poor, and the close proximity of numerous autonomous poor law authorities created a distinctly metropolitan context for the provision of relief. This work provides the first detailed study of the poor law in London during the period leading up to and after the implementation of the Poor Law Amendment Act of 1834. Drawing on a wide range of primary and secondary sources the book focuses explicitly on the ways in which those involved with the poor law - both as providers and recipients - negotiated the provision of relief. In the context of significant urban change in the late eighteenth and nineteenth century, it analyses the poor law as a system of institutions and explores the material and political processes that shaped relief policies.
This is a publication of the online Journal of Metaphysics and Connected Consciousness. This is the Journal's second annual publication: Volume II - Consciousness
Farpoint Mindstation II is the second book in the Quest series. Mainly written in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), the poems contained in this book are about actual events. As in the earlier book, Farpoint Mindstation, the poems are written using allegorical symbolism. However, unlike the first book, the Terzanelle poetry form is widely used. The KSA influence is a very positive one. Upon first glance the KSA culture and land appears simple and mysterious, the new poems when first read appear the same way. With closer examination, new and more subtle meanings surface, so too it is in the land of Ariby. Expect the unexpected.
Organic farming plays a very important role in the modern society. Organic farming practice resulted in sustainability sustainable agriculture integrates three main goals. They are environmental health, commercially profitability and social-economic equity. A variety of philosophies, policies and practices have contributed to these goals. People in many different capacities from farmers to consumers have shared this vision and contributed to it. Despite the diversity of people and perspectives the following themes commonly weaves through definitions of sustainable agriculture.
This textbook is at the forefront of its field and is an invaluable resource for undergraduates studying politics and environment studies. The most comprehensive book on the subject, this new edition has been expanded and revised.
Believers need to learn to defend the Christian worldview. In today’s world of varying religions, it’s becoming more important for a Christian to know what they believe and why they believe it. In Transformed Thinking, Tom Wheeler clearly lays out the most fundamental beliefs of Christianity and compares them to other worldviews, providing arguments to support his beliefs. Even though this book is purposed for the classroom setting, it would be a beneficial read for any believer who wants to have a firm foundation on which to share their beliefs with unbelievers. From the beginning of the world to the inerrancy of Scripture, Transformed Thinking will provide you with solid answers for your faith. Advance Praise for Transformed Thinking: "Transformed Thinking is a veritable encyclopedia of knowledge that provides foundational aspects in developing a Christian worldview.” Dr. Brian Fairchild D.Min./ Pastor, Colonial Bible Church, Midland, Texas "This book is a must read for every Christian layperson and leader in the Church." Dr. Sidney Dyer, Ph.D. Professor of Greek and New Testament/ Greenville Presbyterian Theological Seminary "In the years I’ve taught high school seniors, Tom Wheeler’s Transformed Thinking has proved to be truly effective in establishing and strengthening Biblical thinking in a world full of opposing views." Dr. Drew Conley, Ph.D. Pastor for Preaching and Teaching/ Hampton Park Baptist Church, Greenville, SC
The threat of biological weapons has been worrying about the armed forces, as well as political leaders for quite some time. With the global recorded deaths from COVID-19 surpassing one million, the biotechnological revolution has heightened the fear of future weaponized pathogens. The COVID-19 virus or its variant could be the most effective weapon for future biological warfare. The indiscriminate effect of such a weapon and its power to cripple economies and devastate the lives of people may make it attractive to rogue States and non-State actors. This book provides an updated analysis of biological warfare agents, including the COVID-19 virus, biotechnological developments affecting biological agents, and the legal regime responsible for preventing the use of biological weapons.
A guide to the history, behavior, and bounty of the humble bee From backyard keeping to bee-centric foods and home goods, there's no end to humankind's fascination with bees. The Complete Bee Handbook is a compelling read and easy-to-use reference, packed with practical and thought-provoking information for bee lovers new and old. Journey through the past, present, and future of the bee, including their evolution, their ever-critical role as pollinators, and the ongoing threats that jeopardize their survival. You'll also discover a short and sweet cultural history of beekeeping, the numerous applications of bee products, and tips on how you can support your local bee population. This bee guide explores: The life of the honey bee—Look into the mind of the hive as you learn about the role each bee plays in helping their colony function and thrive. Beekeeping for beginners—Get simple advice for cultivating a bee-friendly garden, from preferred plants to fun DIY accessories. Buzzworthy recipes—Try your hand at creative recipes for bee lovers, including mead, baklava, beeswax soap, and candles. Discover everything you wanted to know about bees with The Complete Bee Handbook!
This important contribution to both Romantic and cultural studies situates literature by Wordsworth, Southey, Hunt, Clare, and Blake within the context of folklore and popular customs associated with May Day. Romantic responses to May Day bring into focus a range of issues now regarded as central to the writing of the period – the natural world, city life, the pastoral, regional and national identities, popular culture, cultural degeneration, and cultural difference. Essaka Joshua explores new connections between these issues in the context of a set of heterogeneous cultural practices that are rooted in the traditions and activities of diverse social groups. She shows how Romantic writers have positioned themselves in relation to what has become known as the public sphere, and the way in which they articulate an understanding of the common sphere as a site of plebeian self-expression. Joshua's nuanced account acknowledges the full complexity of class formations and inter-class relationships and permits noncanonical and canonical texts such as the Prelude, Songs of Innocence and Experience, and 'The Village Minstrel' to be reinterpreted in a cultural context that has not been previously explored by literary critics.
Betrayal goes to the heart of US officials’ (and their partners’) self-serving injury to the health and welfare of the United States and the world. US public officials’ abandonment of public health for private wealth leaves the world and nation reeling from one USA-made (deliberate) crisis—of violence and disease, hunger and homelessness, deterioration and diminishment of quality conditions in workplaces and public education—to another. Their all-round acts of “legalized” corruption, their international crimes with impunity, and their deregulation-driven denial of essential needs such as clean water and air, food and work safety, shelter, and life itself constitute ultimate and everlasting betrayal. The nonfiction account in the areas of US politics, domestic affairs and foreign relations, leadership, law and democracy, and war and peace cites examples of callous, crisis-driven betrayal.
The new economy, under the impetus of the ever-widening outreach of the Internet, is undergoing a transition. In the meantime, theres also been a shift to the information paradigm, with its emphasis on lack of foresight. These processes have almost completely supplanted the concept of market that was once one of the most cardinal features of conventional economic theory. In Toward a General Theory of Exchange: Strategic Decisions and Complexity, author Dr. Javaid R. Khwaja traces the slow melting of the market, the most ubiquitous contraption and the summum bonum of economic science, as an organized manifestation of complexity, with its wide-ranging impact on the flow of funds. Using the historical background of economic theories, this study blends the interdisciplinary range and fills the vacuum that has existed among current conventional economic theory, the theory of strategic decision making, actor-network theory, the domain of law and economics, and the science of complexity. An observer of economic development for several decades, Khwaja shows the relationship between technology and economics and how it affects social exchanges and trends.
This volume advances the claim that the FAO International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA) adopted in 2001 is the only existing international agreement with the potential to promote food security, conservation of biodiversity and equity. However, for germplasm-rich countries, national interests come into conflict with the global interest. This work shows that the pursuit of national interests is counterproductive when it comes to maintaining genetic resources, food-security and rent-seeking and that optimally, the coverage of the FAO Treaty should be widened to apply to all crops.
Believers need to learn to defend the Christian worldview. In today’s world of varying religions, it’s becoming more important for a Christian to know what they believe and why they believe it. In Transformed Thinking, Tom Wheeler clearly lays out the most fundamental beliefs of Christianity and compares them to other worldviews, providing arguments to support his beliefs. Even though this book is purposed for the classroom setting, it would be a beneficial read for any believer who wants to have a firm foundation on which to share their beliefs with unbelievers. From the beginning of the world to the inerrancy of Scripture, Transformed Thinking will provide you with solid answers for your faith. Advance Praise for Transformed Thinking: "Transformed Thinking is a veritable encyclopedia of knowledge that provides foundational aspects in developing a Christian worldview.” Dr. Brian Fairchild D.Min./ Pastor, Colonial Bible Church, Midland, Texas "This book is a must read for every Christian layperson and leader in the Church." Dr. Sidney Dyer, Ph.D. Professor of Greek and New Testament/ Greenville Presbyterian Theological Seminary "In the years I’ve taught high school seniors, Tom Wheeler’s Transformed Thinking has proved to be truly effective in establishing and strengthening Biblical thinking in a world full of opposing views." Dr. Drew Conley, Ph.D. Pastor for Preaching and Teaching/ Hampton Park Baptist Church, Greenville, SC
Dr. D. Rathi is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Economics at St.Mary’s College (Autonomous), Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu, India. She has a rich experience of more than thirteen years of fruitful teaching and research with several papers in international journals to her credit. She is a member of Association of Economists of Tamil Nadu and Confederation of Indian Industries, Thoothukudi Branch. Besides, she has published three books.Her areas of teaching and research interests are Trade, Statistics, Management and Banking.
You are a grandparent with a passion to impact your grandkids for Christ, but sometimes you struggle to find fun and meaningful ways to disciple them and leave a lasting legacy of faith. Help is at hand in Discipling Your Grandchildren: Great Ideas to Help Them Know, Love, and Serve God, in which grandparenting expert Dr. Josh Mulvihill has compiled dozens of suggestions and strategies to help you do just that. With an assortment of actionable ideas--from pragmatic tips on how to better connect with your grandchildren to fun, age-appropriate activities--Discipling Your Grandchildren is an invaluable tool chest for grandparents who want to build a biblical foundation, lead by example, and point their grandchildren to Christ. Practical yet powerful, the information, ideas, and best practices shared by Mulvihill can be implemented and adapted in ways that work for your unique grandparenting situation, whether your grandkids are two or twenty, around the corner or across the globe.
Marcel Duchamp and the Architecture of Desire examines the link between architectural thinking and Duchamp's work. By employing design, drawing and making - the tools of the architect - Haralambidou’s work performs an architectural analysis of Duchamp’s final enigmatic work Given: 1. The Waterfall, 2. The Illuminating Gas… demonstrating an innovative research methodology able to grasp meaning beyond textual analysis. This novel reading of his ideas and methods adds to, but also challenges, other art-historical interpretations. Through three main themes - allegory, visuality and desire - the book defines and theorises an alternative drawing practice positioned between art and architecture that predates and includes Duchamp.
Every serious student of the Bible desires to understand the text, discover the biblical principles, and apply the truths to his or her life. This commentary is designed to help students, pastors, and Bible teachers understand James and Jude in a simple manner. Working from the popular New International Version (NIV), the author provides helpful commentary on the text verse by verse. This verse-by-verse commentary is different from others in two respects. First, it is brief while some commentaries are unnecessarily wordy and verbose. Second, it is Pentecostal in outlook. This implies that we generally adhere to the doctrine of biblical inerrancy and adopt a literalist approach to the interpretation of the Bible. James and Jude are letters from James and Jude respectively, who are half brothers of our Lord Jesus. The timeless truth that James presents is that believers must harmonize their faith and action. Our faith must be demonstrated in all situations of lifeat home, at work, in church, in the neighborhood. Jude writes to warn believers about false teachers and their heresy. He calls on believers to contend for the apostolic faith.
This book offers a critical edition of arguably the greatest work of English theology in the 20th century: Austin Farrer's Bampton Lectures published as The Glass of Vision in 1948. Farrer was an interdisciplinary genius who made original contributions to philosophy, theology, and biblical studies, as well as to our understanding of the role of imagination in human thought and Christian doctrine. According to Farrer, the three primary themes of these lectures are 'scripture, metaphysics, and poetry,' individually and in relation to each other. The lectures defend his famous theory of divine revelation through images rather than propositions or events, a provocative account of the place of metaphysical reasoning in theology, and a literary approach to the Biblical text that was decades ahead of its time and is still controversial. The Glass of Vision has generated a rich and interesting interdisciplinary conversation that has lasted for decades, starting with commentators such as Helen Gardner and Frank Kermode. In addition to Farrer's full text, this critical edition also contains an introduction to the significance and context of Farrer's thought, and a selection of thirty-years' worth of commentary by leading British and European theologians and literary scholars: David Brown, Ingolf Dalferth, Hans Haugh, Douglas Hedley, David Jasper, and Gerard Loughlin. Of interest to literary and biblical scholars, theologians, and philosophers, this book holds particular value for those exploring the nature of imagination in contemporary thought and scholarship.
It is with great pleasure that we introduce the first edition of the textbook on “Social And Preventive Pharmacy”. This book further elucidates and clarifies simple socially related concepts needed for pharma students to get through the first course of BP 802T. This book is a sincere attempt to concepts and vocabulary understandable to students and field experts alike. I have tried to simplify the concepts for ease of grasping even for the first year students. The text was put through great lengths to keep it error-free and convey the subject in a style that is understandable to students. However, any recommendations and helpful criticism would be much appreciated and included in a subsequent edition.At the end of the course student will be able to: 1. Concept of health and disease 2. Social and health education 3. Preventive medicine 4. National health programs 5. Community services in rural
These are the memoirs of Dr. David R. Glover's professional career in pharmaceutical medicine. His formative school and undergraduate years led to a unique and remarkable journey through medicine and medicines. Like many medical careers there were a number of twists and turns which encompassed clinical and academic medicine, clinical research and drug development. He touched upon or was deeply involved with most types of medicines from simple pills and potions through to stem cells. He has recalled many anecdotes relating to the drugs, the people and the events that enriched his career and included some rarely seen illustrations of old medicines and personal photographs. This is not an in-depth pharmacological treatise but it is sufficiently detailed where merited, particularly regarding the infamous "clinical trial that went wrong" in 2006. In his Vie D’or the reader will find that he enjoyed more than his fifteen minutes of fame.
In Sustainable Governance in Hybrid Organizations, Linne Marie Lauesen explores how organizational governance and sustainability are at play within hybrid organizations, with a particular focus on water companies. Water companies are highly regulated whilst working primarily for the betterment of society and on behalf of generations to come. Lauesen explains how these organizations manage to balance their triple bottom lines in order to survive financially, socially, and environmentally. The author shows in a clear and accessible way how the model of juxtaposition between non-profit and for-profit water companies can be transferred to other business spheres.
With insightful commentary, passion and expertise, Rabbis Sherwin and Cohen guide us through selections from classic Jewish ethical literature, offering clear explanations of the historic context of each writing and thoughtful applications of their wisdom on the problems we grapple with today.
We badly need new sources of clean energy to generate electricity, heat and power our industries, homes and workplaces. Up to now, we have relied on and used only fossil fuels to power our industrial and domestic activities. The byproducts of fossil fuels include: irreversible pollution and contamination of our Earth, climate change, global warming, and increase in pathogenic and medication-resistant diseases. Exhaustible fossil fuels are expensive to produce and distribute, and not everybody can afford them. Why not switch to natural, non-polluting, inexpensive, inexhaustible fuels such as solar, wind, water, etc., fuels? This is the timely message contained in TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY'S FUEL SUFFICIENCY ROADMAP. You can make this message realisable. Go on reading! Thanks.
The imagination of the early twenty-first century is catastrophic, with Hollywood blockbusters, novels, computer games, popular music, art and even political speeches all depicting a world consumed by vampires, zombies, meteors, aliens from outer space, disease, crazed terrorists and mad scientists. These frequently gothic descriptions of the apocalypse not only commodify fear itself; they articulate and even help produce imperialism. Building on, and often retelling, the British ‘imperial gothic’ of the late nineteenth century, the American imperial gothic is obsessed with race, gender, degeneration and invasion, with the destruction of society, the collapse of modernity and the disintegration of capitalism. Drawing on a rich array of texts from a long history of the gothic, this book contends that the doom faced by the world in popular culture is related to the current global instability, renegotiation of worldwide power and the American bid for hegemony that goes back to the beginning of the Republic and which have given shape to the first decade of the millennium. From the frontier gothic of Charles Brockden Brown's Edgar Huntly to the apocalyptic torture porn of Eli Roth's Hostel, the American imperial gothic dramatises the desires and anxieties of empire. Revealing the ways in which images of destruction and social upheaval both query the violence with which the US has asserted itself locally and globally, and feed the longing for stable imperial structures, this book will be of interest to scholars and students of popular culture, cultural and media studies, literary and visual studies and sociology.
This is book one of a trilogy. This book identifies God's intent for the creation and how that applies today. The time frame for this book includes the time before "creation", the seven days of this creation, the initial sin of mankind and the initial consequences of that sin. Dr. Wood addresses the issue of evolution and how science and Scripture interface. Did dinosaurs exist or are they an elaborate hoax of science? Is the earth really six or seven thousand years old? How old is the universe? Are the cosmos and the earth the same age? When did men first walk the earth? Are we the first sentient persons to walk the earth? What are the spiritual realities placed in the earth during the seven days of this present creation? This book provides unique insight into creation, God's original intent and the awful consequences of sin.
A decade after the Restoration of Charles II, a disturbing group of tragedies, dubbed by modern critics the horror or the blood-and-torture villain tragedies, burst onto the London stage. Ten years later they were gone - absorbed into the partisan frenzy which enveloped the theatre at the height of the Exclusion Crisis. Despite burgeoning interest, until now there has been no full investigation into why these deeply unsettling plays were written when they were and why they so fascinated audiences for the period that they held the stage. The author’s contention is that the genre of horror gains its popularity at times of social dislocation. It reflects deep schisms in society, and English society was profoundly unsettled and in a (delayed) state of shock from years of social upheaval and civil conflict. Through recurrent images of monstrosity, madness, venereal disease, incest and atheism, Hermanson argues that the horror dramatists trope deep-seated and unresolved anxieties - engaging profoundly with contemporary discourse by abreacting the conspiratorial climate of suspicion and fear. Some go as far as to question unequivocally the moral and political value of monarchy, vilifying the office of kingship and pushing ideas of atheism further than in any drama produced since Seneca. This study marks the first comprehensive investigation of these macabre tragedies in which playwrights such as Nathaniel Lee, Thomas Shadwell, Elkanah Settle, Thomas Otway and the Earl of Rochester take their audience on an exploration of human iniquity, thrusting them into an examination of man’s relationship to God, power, justice and evil.
Help Overcoming Painful Experiences (H.O.P.E.) is a non-profit organization whose purpose is to help people experience a life transformation through their emotional pain so they can live the purpose-filled, victorious life God intended and designed them to live. We set people free from emotional bondage and empower them to live a transformed life. To accomplish our purpose, the H.O.P.E. program was designed to help people 1) resurrect hope, 2) overcome emotional pain from a variety of issues, 3) build a safe and healthy support network, 4) comprehend the truths about God in the midst of pain while exposing and replacing lies, and 5) experience a life transformation through the healing and restorative power of Jesus Christ. Our transformation model consists of three levels. Names of H.O.P.E. is Level 2 and centers on Names of God that meet the needs encountered while going through painful experiences. Each lesson relates a Name of God to His principles and purpose for pain, His character in the midst of pain, and how He can transform us through our pain and empower us to fulfill our purpose in life.
The long-term development of public green spaces such as parks, public gardens, and recreation grounds in London during the twentieth century is a curiously neglected subject, despite the fact that various kinds of green spaces cover huge areas in cities in the UK today. This book explores how and why public green spaces have been created and used in London, and what actors have been involved in their evolution, during the course of the twentieth century. Building on case studies of the contemporary boroughs of Camden and Southwark and making use of a wealth of archival material, the author takes us through the planning and creation stages, to the intended (and actual) uses and ongoing management of the spaces. By highlighting the rise and fall of municipal authorities and the impact of neo-liberalism after the 1970s, the book also deepens our understanding of how London has been governed, planned and ruled during the twentieth century. It makes a crucial contribution to academic as well as political discourse on the history and present role of green space in sustainable cities.
The metaphor of marriage often describes the relationship between poetry and music in both medieval and modern writing. While the troubadours stand out for their tendency to blur the distinction between speaking and singing, between poetry and song, a certain degree of semantic slippage extends into the realm of Italian literature through the use of genre names like canzone, sonetto, and ballata. Yet, paradoxically, scholars have traditionally identified a 'divorce' between music and poetry as the defining feature of early Italian lyric. Senza Vestimenta reintegrates poetic and musical traditions in late medieval Italy through a fresh evaluation of more than fifty literary sources transmitting Trecento song texts. These manuscripts have been long noted by musicologists, but until now they have been used to bolster rather than to debunk the notion that so-called 'poesia per musica' was relegated to the margins of poetic production. Jennings revises this view by exploring how scribes and readers interacted with song as a fundamentally interdisciplinary art form within a broad range of literary settings. Her study sheds light on the broader cultural world surrounding the reception of the Italian ars nova repertoire by uncovering new, diverse readers ranging from wealthy merchants to modest artisans.
Dr. Hallum is a graduate of Tulsa Daniel Webster High School after transferring from Sapulpa high school. He worked his way through college in many jobs including but not limited to Flint Steel of Tulsa. He earned his B.A. and M.E. from Northeastern State of Oklahoma, a Ph.D. from St. Louis University, and a M.Div., D. D., and Dr. of Apologetics from Trinity Graduate School of Apologetics and Theology. He served as Honorary Chancellor of ISDET, the International School for Distance Education and Training located in the Kerala Province of India. He completed a 40 year career in Public Education serving in many different capacities in school districts in Oklahoma, Illinois, and California. Dr. Hallum lives in his hometown in Oklahoma and writes Christian non-fiction books.
The Essex village of Earls Colne boasts one of the most comprehensive collections of historical documents in Britain, and has been the subject of an intensive and ongoing research project to collate and computerise the surviving records. As such, Earls Colne is undoubtedly one of the most studied parishes in England. Yet whilst much is now known about the village and its inhabitants, little work has been done on the social relationships that bound the community together within its mental and physical landscape. As such, scholars will welcome Dr MacKinnon’s investigation into the social, political and cultural world of early modern England as represented by Earls Colne. The book provides a fresh approach to the study of the landscape of a seventeenth-century village by focussing on the relationships between political power and cultural artefacts. It examines how private, public and communal spaces within society were generated, gendered and governed, and how this was recorded and perpetuated in the records, names, and monuments of the parish and surrounding landscape. Yet whilst the ‘elites’ tried to represent a select social landscape through their control of the local records and documents, these attempts were always counterbalanced by the less powerful members of the community who occupied and contested these spaces. By reconstructing the dynamics of Earls Colne through a careful reading and cross-referencing of the surviving documents, buildings and place names, this book offers a fascinating insight into how the sights and sounds of early modern society were imbued with the social relations of parish politics. As well as deepening our understanding of Earls Colne itself, the book offers historians the potential to revisit other local studies from a fresh perspective.
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