For much of the sixteenth-century, France was wracked with religious strife, as the Wars of Religion pitted Catholic against Protestant. Whilst the conversion of Henri IV to Catholicism ended much of the conflict, the ensuing peace highlighted the fractious nature of French Catholicism and the many competing threads that ran through it. This book investigates the gradual division of the French Catholic reform movement, often associated with those known as the 'devots' during the first half of the seventeenth century. Such division, it is argued, was emerging before the publication in France (1641) of the posthumous 'Augustinus' of Jansenius, not simply as a sequel to that. Those who were already distinguishing themselves from other 'devots' before that date were thus not yet identifiable as 'Jansenists'. Rather, the initial defining sentiment was increasing French hostility towards Jesuit involvement in Catholic Reform, both at home and abroad. Drawing on sources from the Jesuit archives in Rome and on Port-Royal material in Paris, the book begins with an investigation into the development of Catholic Reform in France, showing the problems that emerged before 1629 and the degree to which these were or were not resolved. The second half of the book contrasts the fragmentation of the movement in the years beyond 1629, and the context of Richelieu's new directions in French foreign policy. Covering a crucial period in the lead up to the establishment of an absolute monarchy in France, this book provides a rich new explanation of the development of French political and ecclesiastical history. It will be of interest not only to those studying the early modern period, but to anyone wishing to understand the roots of French secular society.
The debate over clerical celibacy and marriage had its origins in the early Christian centuries, and is still very much alive in the modern church. The content and form of controversy have remained remarkably consistent, but each era has selected and shaped the sources that underpin its narrative, and imbued an ancient issue with an immediacy and relevance. The basic question of whether, and why, continence should be demanded of those who serve at the altar has never gone away, but the implications of that question, and of the answers given, have changed with each generation. In this reassessment of the history of sacerdotal celibacy, Helen Parish examines the emergence and evolution of the celibate priesthood in the Latin church, and the challenges posed to this model of the ministry in the era of the Protestant Reformation. Celibacy was, and is, intensely personal, but also polemical, institutional, and historical. Clerical celibacy acquired theological, moral, and confessional meanings in the writings of its critics and defenders, and its place in the life of the church continues to be defined in relation to broader debates over Scripture, apostolic tradition, ecclesiastical history, and papal authority. Highlighting continuity and change in attitudes to priestly celibacy, Helen Parish reveals that the implications of celibacy and marriage for the priesthood reach deep into the history, traditions, and understanding of the church.
The concept of Purgatory was a central tenet of late-medieval and early-modern Catholicism, and proved a key dividing line between Catholics and Protestants. However, as this book makes clear, ideas about purgatory were often ill-defined and fluid, and altered over time in response to particular needs or pressures. Drawing upon printed pamphlets, tracts, advice manuals, diocesan statutes and other literary material, the study traces the evolution of writing and teaching about Purgatory and the fate of the soul between 1480 and 1720. By examining the subject across this extended period it is argued that belief in Purgatory continued to be important, although its role in the scheme of salvation changed over time, and was not a simply a story of inevitable decline. Grounded in a case study of the southern and western regions of the ancien régime province of Brittany, the book charts the nature and evolution of 'private' intercessory institutions, chantries, obits and private chapel foundation, and 'public' forms, parish provision, confraternities, indulgences and veneration of saints. In so doing it underlines how the huge popularity of post-mortem intercession underwent a serious and rapid decline between the 1550s and late 1580s, only to witness a tremendous resurgence in popularity after 1600, with traditional practices far outstripping the levels of usage of the early sixteenth century. Offering a fascinating insight into popular devotional practices, the book opens new vistas onto the impact of Catholic revival and Counter Reform on beliefs about the fate of the soul after death.
Whilst the early modern period has long been recognized as witnessing a growth in trade and consumerism, the majority of studies to date have tended to focus upon London and southern England. In order to provide a more balanced understanding of the dynamics at work on a national level, this book explores the local economy and waterborne trades of Newcastle and the River Tyne, in North East England. Drawing upon a variety of primary sources - including parish records, probate inventories, Newcastle Exchequer port books and the previously unpublished diary of an apprentice hostman - none of which have been examined previously in this context, the study adds significantly to our understanding of the growing community in North East England. In particular, it underlines the expansion of a thriving middling class with an associated culture of consumption driving a rapid increase in the import, and often re-export of a wide range of luxury items of food, clothing and soft furnishings. As the coal trade and a flourishing general trade with London and other home and overseas ports grew, the book highlights the major impact upon the size and variety of work in the port, and the subsequent increasing size and complexity of the water trades community and its associated business networks.
The main objective of logistics is to co-ordinate the movement of products through the supply chain in a way that meets customer requirements at minimum cost. In the past this cost has been defined in purely monetary terms. As concern for the environment rises, companies must take more account of the external costs of logistics associated mainly with climate change, air pollution, noise, vibration and accidents. Green Logistics analyses the environmental consequences of logistics and how to deal with them. Written by a leading team of logistics academics, the book examines ways of reducing these externalities and achieving a more sustainable balance between economic, environmental and social objectives.
Since April 2014, Secretarial Audit has become mandatory under the Companies Act, 2013. Subsequently, SEBI has also mandated Secretarial Audit for material subsidiaries of a listed Company and obtaining a Compliance Certificate for submission to Stock Exchange. Alongwith this, MGT 7 is also required to be certified by a Practising Company Secretary whereby he/she has to confirm comprehensive compliance of the concerned company. Therefore, there are hundreds of compliances which companies have to do in a financial year and giving such a comprehensive Compliance Certificate requires thorough knowledge, different perspective and techniques. This book covers the meaning, benefits, process, approach and entire scope of Secretarial Audit providing detailed checklists with respect to Companies Act, 2013, SEBI Regulations and FEMA Regulations which will be very useful for professionals not only while doing Secretarial Audit but also for routine certifications like MGT-7, MGT-8 or Compliance Certifications mandated under various laws. Key Features Detailed Checklists for Audit on Companies Act, 2013, SEBI (LODR) Reg., 2015, SEBI (PIT) Reg., 2015 and FEMA, 1999 Includes insights on ICSI Auditing Standards Elaborates newly introduced key concepts under Companies Act, 2013 by way of Annexures like SBO, etc. Contains a chapter elaborating key concepts under Companies Act, 2013 which will help professionals to understand and comply with law in letter and spirit. Contains a compilation of useful charts as well as specimen Management Representation Letter and various Declarations required to be obtained from the Accounts and Finance Department Brings greater clarity w.r.t. Role of Auditor, Process of Audit and duty as well as liability of auditor
In today’s world the Christian is constantly being challenged with new teachings. Some of these are particularly dangerous because they are put forward by those with evangelical credentials. Tom Nicholas Wright is one of the leading proponents of the New Perspective on Paul. Wright sees himself as the new Luther, a discoverer of the true biblical understanding of key doctrines like that of justification by faith. According to him, the Reformation misunderstood the nature of justification by faith alone and the role of the law in the Old Testament. Wright maintains that this has continued to be the case for those of the Reformed Faith. He tells us that we are guilty of anachronism, whereby we interpret first-century Judaism in the light of medieval Roman Catholicism. In this work the writer not only defends the Reformed understanding of this vital doctrine but also seeks to show how Wright has misunderstood the nature of the new covenant and the place of ethnic Israel.
God's covenants form the backbone of the Scriptures. Understanding these covenants is the key to unlocking the treasures that lay therein. This book will enable the reader, not only to appreciate redemptive history, but to understand more fully his/her position in Christ. Griffiths demonstrates the essential fact that there has always been one Church, one way of salvation, and that all have been, are being, and will be saved only through faith in Christ. Griffiths eschews the Presbyterian paradigm which believes the Abrahamic, Mosaic, and Davidic covenants to be of the same substance as the new covenant, only differing in regard to their administration. Replacing it with essential truth that the new covenant, which is the outworking of the eternal covenant of redemption in time, is the only covenant of grace. Both Old and New Testament believers come under the mediatorship of Christ and are members and recipients of new covenant blessings. The author shows how all other covenants, what he calls "subsidiary covenants," are of works, and that their function is to magnify the covenant of grace, i.e., the new covenant.
The main feature of this work is that it explores criminal behavior from all aspects of Tinbergen's Four Questions. Rather than focusing on a single theoretical point of view, this book examines the neurobiology of crime from a biosocial perspective. It suggests that it is necessary to understand some genetics and neuroscience in order to appreciate and apply relevant concepts to criminological issues. Presenting up-to-date information on the circuitry of the brain, the authors explore and examine a variety of characteristics, traits and behavioral syndromes related to criminal behavior such as ADHD, intelligence, gender, the age-crime curve, schizophrenia, psychopathy, violence and substance abuse. This book brings together the sociological tradition with the latest knowledge the neurosciences have to offer and conveys biological information in an accessible and understanding way. It will be of interest to scholars in the field and to professional criminologists.
The topic of leadership is, undeniably, anything but simple given its multitudinous strategies, styles, and nuances. This book is designed to be a resource guide for readers interested in adopting proven strategies to achieve quality results. Its encyclopedic layout serves to make these complex topics easier to navigate and absorb. It is an exploration of a diverse variety of successful approaches to leadership spanning across business, government, and nonprofit sectors. This guide surveys effective strategies that have been around for decades, while integrating more current constructs based on new and cutting-edge research. Subject-matter experts who provide further and concise viewpoints are cited throughout.
The revised edition of A Theology for the Church retains its original structure, organized under these traditional theological categories: revelation, God, humanity, Christ, the Holy Spirit, salvation, the church, and last things. Each chapter within these sections contains answers to the following four questions: What does the Bible say? What has the church believed? How does it all fit together? How does this doctrine impact the church today? Contributions from leading Baptist thinkers R. Albert Mohler, Jr., Paige Patterson, and Mark Dever among others will also appeal to the broader evangelical community. Included in this revision are new chapters on theological method from a missional perspective (Bruce Ashford and Keith Whitfield) and theology of creation, providence, and Sabbath that engages current research in science and philosophy (Chad Owen Brand). Chapters on special revelation (David Dockery) and human nature (John Hammett) have also been updated.
Under Attack makes a new contribution to the field of international relations in general and the study of international law and armed conflict in particular, in two core ways. First, it links information from varying disciplines, most notably international relations and international law, to form a comprehensive picture of state practice and the challenges it poses to the legal rules for the use of force. Secondly, it organises the information in such a way to identify two core groups of contemporary justifications used by states: humanitarian reasons and self-defence, both with their sub-categories. At the core of this book is the question of how state practice since 1990 has challenged the long-established legal regime on the international use of force. Are we merely witnessing a temporary and insignificant challenge to international law or are the rules genuinely under attack?
Kuala Lumpur, the capital city of Malaysia, is a former colony of the British Empire which today prides itself in being a multicultural society par excellence. However, the Islamisation of the urban landscape, which is at the core of Malaysia’s decolonisation projects, has marginalised the Chinese urban spaces which were once at the heart of Kuala Lumpur. Engaging with complex colonial and postcolonial aspects of the city, from the British colonial era in the 1880s to the modernisation period in the 1990s, this book demonstrates how Kuala Lumpur’s urban landscape is overwritten by a racial agenda through the promotion of Malaysian Architecture, including the world-famous mega-projects of the Petronas Twin Towers and the new administrative capital of Putrajaya. Drawing on a wide range of Chinese community archives, interviews and resources, the book illustrates how Kuala Lumpur’s Chinese spaces have been subjugated. This includes original case studies showing how the Chinese re-appropriated the Kuala Lumpur old city centre of Chinatown and Chinese cemeteries as a way of contesting state’s hegemonic national identity and ideology. This book is arguably the first academic book to examine the relationship of Malaysia’s large Chinese minority with the politics of architecture and urbanism in Kuala Lumpur. It is also one of the few academic books to situate the Chinese diaspora spaces at the centre of the construction of city and nation. By including the spatial contestation of those from the margins and their resistance against the state ideology, this book proposes a recuperative urban and architectural history, seeking to revalidate the marginalised spaces of minority community and re-script them into the narrative of the postcolonial nation-state.
Through an investigation of Archduke Albert's (1559-1621) reign as ruler of the Spanish Netherlands, this book offers a new and fuller understanding of international events of the time, and the Habsburg role in them. Drawing on a wide range of archival and visual material, the resulting study of political culture demonstrates how the House of Habsburg functioned as a dynasty during critical years of increasing religious tensions. Based on extensive research in the archives left by the archducal regime and its diplomatic partners or rivals, it bridges the gap between the reigns of Philip II and Philip IV and puts research into the period onto a fascinating new basis.
The author painstakingly analyses the relation of the two countries. He illustrates the great achievement of those Americans who came to Iran without any government affi liation. They accomplished their goal with self sacrifi ces and devotion. Many of them gave their lives for what they believed, thus creating tremendous respect for the Americans. Vis--vis to the individuals, he points out the failure of the United States government almost, in every respect. He exemplifi es the shortcomings of most of the American representatives in Iran. He demonstrates that the majority of them were totally unaware of the culture and the way of life in Iran, making them severely handicapped. He points out to the utmost reliance placed by the American administration to the British opinions and guidance which they followed blindly, causing irreparable damage to the integrity of the United States, not only in Iran but in the whole Middle East.
This book is about the lives of patients, about the health and social care services provided to help them, and about ways of examining the impact these services make on them. Based on the authors' experience of using and developing a particular operational measure, the Lancashire Quality of Life Profile, which has been used successfully in many different studies and countries, it provides managers and practitioners in mental health with valuable normative data, insights and ideas about the role of QOL in service evaluation.
Thesis, antithesis, synthesis resolve in complexity. The Marxist and Fuerback paradigm is too easy. Everything in nature has individual differences and variation. The Bardo of birth death the interim period and rebirth reflect the complexity paradigm. Alegebra has four principles the associative, distributive communitative laws and the inverse. Thes laws and paradigm reflect in this new dialectic Complexity.
In That's Gotta Hurt, the orthopaedist David Geier shows how sports medicine has had a greater impact on the sports we watch and play than any technique or concept in coaching or training. Injuries among professional and college athletes have forced orthopaedic surgeons and other healthcare providers to develop new surgeries, treatments, rehabilitation techniques, and prevention strategies. In response to these injuries, sports themselves have radically changed their rules, mandated new equipment, and adopted new procedures to protect their players. Parents now openly question the safety of these sports for their children and look for ways to prevent the injuries they see among the pros. The influence that sports medicine has had in effecting those changes and improving both the performance and the health of the athletes has been remarkable. Through the stories of a dozen athletes whose injuries and recovery advanced the field (including Joan Benoit, Michael Jordan, Brandi Chastain, and Tommy John), Dr. Geier explains how sports medicine makes sports safer for the pros, amateurs, student-athletes, and weekend warriors alike. That's Gotta Hurt is a fascinating and important book for all athletes, coaches, and sports fans.
Essentials of Sociology, adapted from George Ritzer’s Introduction to Sociology, provides the same rock-solid foundation from one of sociology's best-known thinkers in a shorter and more streamlined format. With new co-author Wendy Wiedenhoft Murphy, the Third Edition continues to illuminate traditional sociological concepts and theories and focuses on some of the most compelling features of contemporary social life: globalization, consumer culture, the internet, and the “McDonaldization” of society. New to this Edition New “Trending” boxes focus on influential books by sociologists that have become part of the public conversation about important issues. Replacing “Public Sociology” boxes, this feature demonstrates the diversity of sociology's practitioners, methods, and subject matter, featuring such authors as o Michelle Alexander (The New Jim Crow) o Elizabeth Armstrong and Laura Hamilton (Paying for the Party) o Matthew Desmond (Evicted) o Arlie Hochschild (Strangers in Their Own Land) o Eric Klinenberg (Going Solo) o C.J. Pascoe (Dude, You're a Fag) o Lori Peek and Alice Fothergill (Children of Katrina) o Allison Pugh (The Tumbleweed Society) Updated examples in the text and "Digital Living" boxes keep pace with changes in digital technology and online practices, including Uber, Bitcoin, net neutrality, digital privacy, WikiLeaks, and cyberactivism. New or updated subjects apply sociological thinking to the latest issues including: the 2016 U.S. election Brexit the global growth of ISIS climate change further segmentation of wealthy Americans as the "super rich" transgender people in the U.S. armed forces charter schools the legalization of marijuana the Flint water crisis fourth-wave feminism
Most frauds perpetrated by senior managers take longer to uncover than those by other occupational groups and they steal more.This is a serious problem world-wide. Currently the Red Flag approach is used by auditors to prevent and uncover fraud and in some countries it is statutory. However, the existing approach does not catch managerial fraudsters quickly or very often. In Managerial Fraud, Dr Terry Sheridan reports the findings of her study of fraudulent executives. Her work illuminates the particular methods fraudsters employ to appear more authentic than the average person and reveals two types of executive fraudster with very different behaviours. All this helps to explain why the current Red Flag approach fails to identify potential fraudsters and instead tends to focus on Red Flag executives who are negative characters, but non-fraudulent and accounts for the problem auditors face, who see Red Flag indicators and are obliged to conduct further audits, yet find nothing of substance. During the author’s research, the innocent colleagues who worked closely with fraudulent managers have for the first time been interviewed about their experiences and had their impressions analysed, leading to the development of an innovative typology of fraudulent executives based on Impression Management Theory. Better understanding of what Dr Sheridan has uncovered might result in organisations being able to reduce their exposure to fraud perpetrated by their own senior management.
Examining the development of English cathedral music during a period of liturgical upheaval, Martin Thomas demonstrates that stylistic change in cathedral music was impeded by leading church music figures and organisations resulting in its becoming an identifiable, consistent, and archaic genre. Drawing on primary sources from libraries and archives of cathedrals, Thomas explores contemporary press coverage and the records of church music bodies, publishing practices, secondary literature, and the music itself. This book offers an important resource for music, theology, and liturgy students and ministry teams worldwide.
About the Book With the rapid change in statutory environment, Corporate Law has also been evolving at faster pace from past several decades. The complexities in the laws have also been rising, which poses constant challenge to practising professionals. There also exist a lot of issues which perhaps may not be addressed by legislation and delegated legislation, some of which are addressed by the judiciary. The present book is a Compendium of Key Issues under Corporate Laws covering a wide spectrum of subjects in Corporate Laws, in five Volumes. This book brings out issues in Corporate Law covering aspects that professionals face in practice. It also brings out a lot of aspects that readers should be aware of. Legislation and case laws from other jurisdictions have been analysed to provide insight into the issues. Key Features ? Topic-wise detailed analysis of various Corporate Law issues. ? Various issues organised under topic heads addressing the key issues concerning the topic. ? Detailed analysis of statutory provisions along with relevant judicial pronouncements and provisions of allied laws (wherever applicable) for each topic has been provided; e.g. SEBI Act and various Regulations issued by the SEBI. ? Analysis of certain landmark judicial pronouncements. ? Comparative position of various topics between Companies Act, 2013 and Companies Act, 1956. ? Certain new concepts of Companies Act, 2013 explained in detail. ? Rules of interpretation of statutes have been discussed wherever necessary.
Early Modern Catholics, Royalists, and Cosmopolitans looks at how the perspective of 16th-century English Catholic exiles and 17th-century English royalist exiles helped to generate a form of cosmopolitanism that was rooted in, but also transcended, contemporary religious and national identities. Lockey considers the experiences of English exiles and the influence that they had on writers such as Edmund Spenser, Sir Philip Sidney, Anthony Munday, Sir John Harington, Sir Richard Fanshawe, John Milton, and Aphra Behn.
Comments by global thought leaders on Business of Staffing: A Talent Agenda: "Your section on how HR needs to change in a digital context is spot on with those twenty points" (M. S. Krishnan, Associate Dean, Global Initiatives, Accenture Professor of Computer Information Systems, Professor of Technology and Operations, Ross School of Business, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan). "Ganesh Shermon has really nailed it. He really knows this area well. Well worth reading for anyone interested in this field" (Mark Smith, National Industry Leader, Financial services, KPMG LLP; earlier Global Head of People & Change Practice). "A must-read for today's HR professionals as they seek to learn evidence-based practices as they transform their talent management performance" (Laura Croucher, Americas leader, KPMG HR, Transformation Centre of Excellence).
As Mary Hammond observes in her wide-ranging publishing history of the novel, Great Expectations' life has extended far beyond the literary Anglophone world and owes a great deal to a particular moment in the mid-Victorian publishing industry. Her book features an exhaustive survey of the novel's different appearances in serial, book and dramatic form and is enhanced by appendices with archival information, contemporary reviews and a comprehensive bibliography of editions and adaptations.
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