Based on data collected for the Generation Gap Survey in Shanghai and updated to take into account contemporary trends, this book uses an empirical approach to study the generation gap in China. It covers various aspects of life from professional and family life to political participation and belief systems, analysing and comparing the values held by four different generations. Encompassing more than 2000 case studies and drawing on a wealth of fieldwork interviews, in particular it examines the experiences, thoughts and perceptions of adolescents, young adults, the middle-aged, and the elderly. As the largest sociological survey ever conducted regarding attitudes and value changes by different age groups in Shanghai, it highlights how social change and globalization have impacted on new generations, and the results indicate the dramatic difference and supersession of social ideologies between the generations. A unique piece of research, shedding light on a changing Chinese society, China’s Generation Gap will be of huge value to students and scholars of Chinese culture and society, Chinese social policy, globalisation and cultural studies.
This chapter describes polymer flooding applications as a mobility control and profile modification process to enhance oil recovery from mature fields. Successful experience from the Daqing Oilfield, the largest oil field application of polymer flooding, is summarized. The experience will be of considerable value to future polymer flood applications elsewhere in oil fields with appropriate reservoir conditions. Based on laboratory research and field applications at Daqing, technologies were developed that expand conventional ideas concerning favorable conditions for mobility improvement by polymer flooding. These include: 1. The oil strata and well pattern design should be optimized and integrated considering interwell connectivity and permeability differential among the oil zones. 2. The injection procedures and formulation are the key points when designing a polymer project—such as profile modification before polymer injection and zone isolation during polymer injection, higher molecular weight (MW) of the polymer used in the injected slugs, large polymer bank size, higher polymer concentrations and injection rate based on the well spacing, and injection pressure. 3. Surface mixing, injection facilities, oil production, and produced water treatment are important to reservoir engineering aspects of polymer flooding.
As the volume of marine big data has increased dramatically, one of the main concerns is how to fully exploit the value of such data in the development of marine economy and marine science and technology.The book covers data acquisition, feature classification, processing and applications of marine big data in evaluation and decision-making, using case studies such as storm surge and marine oil spill disaster.
Culture and Consumer Behavior explains why understanding how culture influences consumer behavior is vital to successful international marketing efforts. The authors use a conceptual and empirical framework for analyzing how culture affects consumer behaviors, and provide 7 steps for understanding the influence of cultures on consumer behaviors.
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