A regular feature in almost publication has been a comparison of India’s slow economic growth and, until recently, China’s rapid progress. Yet, in 1988, both countries had similar living standards. As things stand, it is undoubtedly a tale of two countries and two systems. Supporters of India can point to the democratic nature of the country’s development while ignoring the slow pace of change. China’s supporters point to exceptional poverty reduction, urbanization, and infrastructure developments while ignoring the social, religious, and environmental costs these efforts have created. However, popular media has ignored the fact the individual starting points of the two nations, a gap which this book fills. This study examines how China’s economic reforms was initiated with Deng Xiaoping’s fang-shou (‘letting go’ and ‘tightening up’) efforts between 1978 and 1989. However, until 1989 China had nothing much to demonstrate compare with India. Both countries had similar per head national income but India was technologically much superior to China. The reforms in China then accelerated in a sustained manner—be it the Family Responsibility System that transformed agriculture, the opening up of the industrial sector for the growth of local enterprises and foreign investments, or the substantial effort to make state-owned enterprises more efficient.
As a literary genre, Indian short story, next to poetry, is the most popular and accepted form of literature for its variety and nuance of Indian experience. Evolving over time, it has gained wide currency among people. Even after its recourse to traditional rules of the craft, Indian short story amazingly presents itself an original and distinctive form of art. Developed out of contemporary native literature and western storytelling technique, Indian short story presents an amalgation of two different literary traditions which has become unique and distinctive in course of time and long been catering to the taste of people. Ever since its origin, it has already witnessed a plethora of Indian writers who have made significant contributions to this genre by encapsulating the essence of Indian life and culture. They are Rabindranath Tagore, Munshi Premchand, R.K. Narayan, Mulk Raj Anand, Ismat Chughtai, Ruskin Bond, Khushwant Singh, Saadat Hasan Manto, Ashapurna Devi, Jhumpa Lahiri, Anita Desai, Kiran Desai, Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni, Anita Nair, Qurratulain Hyder, Namita Gokhale, Madhulika Liddle , just to name a few. At present Indian short story has taken a wider form, much more than earlier and almost every writer has started trying her or his hand at this field that it is too difficult for one to sum up the whole in one singular work. Still this present book is an endeavour to compile the works of major Indian short story writers in a short but comprehensive way in order to supply the best possible materials to readers, writers, academics, scholars and students who wish to do further studies in this field. There are twenty six chapters in this book which together presents a rich tapestry of this genre. Hopefully this book will march towards many unexplored realms exciting many curious minds, restarting many fruitful dialogues and invigorating many fresh and new ideas among academics, scholars and students alike.
Why did the Rwandan genocide take place? How could parents feed their own children drinks laced with poison in Jonestown? As we see many parts of the world being engulfed in fratricidal frenzy, we wonder if it can happen in this country. Gupta examines contemporary cases of genocide and mass murder and seeks to explain why certain societies are more prone to these actions and others are relatively immune. Gupta sees a dialectical tension between our two identities: the self and the collective. The end of the medieval period was marked by the emergence of individualism in Europe. With time, the march of individualism engulfed the entire Western world and permeated every aspect of its culture, tradition, and academic paradigm. Neoclassical economics is the embodiment of this single-minded pursuit of the rationality of individualism. However, our psychobiological evolution has also imbued us with the irrepressible desire to form groups and to act upon its welfare. The reason for this eternal conflict lies in our own struggle with our two identities. When the pendulum swings to the extreme end of collectivism, genocide and other forms of social abnormalities--collective madness--occur. When we move too far into individualism, people tend to seek something greater beyond selfish pursuits. Through his panoramic view, Gupta provides an explanation for both social order and political pathology that will be of interest to students, scholars, and other researchers involved with ethnic conflict, collective behavior, and conflict resolution.
Thoroughly updated throughout, A First Course in Linear Model Theory, Second Edition is an intermediate-level statistics text that fills an important gap by presenting the theory of linear statistical models at a level appropriate for senior undergraduate or first-year graduate students. With an innovative approach, the authors introduce to students the mathematical and statistical concepts and tools that form a foundation for studying the theory and applications of both univariate and multivariate linear models. In addition to adding R functionality, this second edition features three new chapters and several sections on new topics that are extremely relevant to the current research in statistical methodology. Revised or expanded topics include linear fixed, random and mixed effects models, generalized linear models, Bayesian and hierarchical linear models, model selection, multiple comparisons, and regularized and robust regression. New to the Second Edition: Coverage of inference for linear models has been expanded into two chapters. Expanded coverage of multiple comparisons, random and mixed effects models, model selection, and missing data. A new chapter on generalized linear models (Chapter 12). A new section on multivariate linear models in Chapter 13, and expanded coverage of the Bayesian linear models and longitudinal models. A new section on regularized regression in Chapter 14. Detailed data illustrations using R. The authors' fresh approach, methodical presentation, wealth of examples, use of R, and introduction to topics beyond the classical theory set this book apart from other texts on linear models. It forms a refreshing and invaluable first step in students' study of advanced linear models, generalized linear models, nonlinear models, and dynamic models.
Today gender studies as an interdisciplinary academic field has gained much momentum in India. Contrary to conventional idea that a person born either as a boy or a girl must conform to his or her sex in his or her growth, dress and behaviour, modern Indian outlooks have rather started changing with the fast approaching new gender free world crowded with agender, bigender, genderfluid, genderqueer, non-binary and third gender people against conventional gender binary- male and female. Last few years, apart from schemes for women’s security and empowerment, have also seen the announcement of many welfare schemes for the health and well-being of third gender people of India and decriminalisation of homosexuality from Indian soil. With same spirit, the present anthology is an endeavour to shed some light on the glaring issues of rape, abuse, discrimination, exploitation and violence arising out of gender essentialism in Indian context. The anthology, with an aim to serving larger sections of humanity, covers twenty seven multidisciplinary articles hardly missing any aspect untouched from this field of study in Indian context.
This book explains the lifecycle of terrorist organizations from an innovative theoretical perspective, combining economics with social psychology. It provides a new approach to understanding human behaviour in organized society, and then uses this to analyze the forces shaping the lifecycle of violent political movements. Economic and rational-choice theorists assume that human beings are motivated only by self-utility, yet terrorism is ultimately an altruistic act in the eyes of its participants. This book highlights the importance of the desire to belong to a group as a motivating factor, and argues that all of us face an eternal trade-off between selfishness and community concern. This hypothesis is explored through four key groups; the IRA in Northern Ireland, Al Qaeda, Hamas, and the Naxalites in India. Through this, the book analyzes the birth, growth, transformation and demise of violent political movements, and ends with an analysis of the conditions which determine the outcome of the war against terrorism. Understanding Terrorism and Political Violence will be essential reading for advanced students of terrorism studies and political science, and of great interest to students of social psychology and sociology.
This book examines the creation of Pakistan and the economic rationale for partition. The authors analyze other factors as well and look at the politics and influence of Muhammad Ali Jinnah, Mahatma Gandhi, and Jawaharlal Nehru.
This book is an analysis of the political and philosophical foundations of the development of India's economy, including discussions of what's gone wrong in the past and what can be done to rectify it. The authors provide a detailed analysis of the history and burning issues derived from these historical analysis which are still unresolved today. As well as this, there are analyses of the political economy and both ancient and modern historical perspectives.
Important new insights into how various components and systems evolved Premised on the idea that one cannot know a science without knowing its history, History of Wireless offers a lively new treatment that introduces previously unacknowledged pioneers and developments, setting a new standard for understanding the evolution of this important technology. Starting with the background-magnetism, electricity, light, and Maxwell's Electromagnetic Theory-this book offers new insights into the initial theory and experimental exploration of wireless. In addition to the well-known contributions of Maxwell, Hertz, and Marconi, it examines work done by Heaviside, Tesla, and passionate amateurs such as the Kentucky melon farmer Nathan Stubblefield and the unsung hero Antonio Meucci. Looking at the story from mathematical, physics, technical, and other perspectives, the clearly written text describes the development of wireless within a vivid scientific milieu. History of Wireless also goes into other key areas, including: The work of J. C. Bose and J. A. Fleming German, Japanese, and Soviet contributions to physics and applications of electromagnetic oscillations and waves Wireless telegraphic and telephonic development and attempts to achieve transatlantic wireless communications Wireless telegraphy in South Africa in the early twentieth century Antenna development in Japan: past and present Soviet quasi-optics at near-mm and sub-mm wavelengths The evolution of electromagnetic waveguides The history of phased array antennas Augmenting the typical, Marconi-centered approach, History of Wireless fills in the conventionally accepted story with attention to more specific, less-known discoveries and individuals, and challenges traditional assumptions about the origins and growth of wireless. This allows for a more comprehensive understanding of how various components and systems evolved. Written in a clear tone with a broad scientific audience in mind, this exciting and thorough treatment is sure to become a classic in the field.
This book, the first of two volumes, examines ancient civilizations to explore the ethical foundations of modern economic systems. The origin of ethical values is analyzed from a historical context and, through investigating the spread of the Aryan civilization from India into the rest of the world, the links between ancient Russia, India, Japan, and Greece are highlighted. By examining the business management in these societies, the development of an ethical system is explained. This book aims to highlight how trust is fundamental to transactions within an exchange economy. It will be relevant to those interested in economics, development studies, international relations, and global politics.
Structural Revolution in International Business Architecture Volume 2 fills important gaps in the existing literature of management science by providing new and improved methods of optimal control system modeling. These research methods are applied in a variety of problems of management science and national economic management. Applications are on oil field development, energy system modeling, resource modeling, time varying control of dynamic system of national economy, and investment planning.
This book primarily focuses on the study of various neurological disorders, including Parkinson’s (PD), Huntington (HD), Epilepsy, Alzheimer’s and Motor Neuron Diseases (MND) from a new perspective by analyzing the physiological signals associated with them using non-linear dynamics. The development of nonlinear methods has significantly helped to study complex nonlinear systems in detail by providing accurate and reliable information. The book provides a brief introduction to the central nervous system and its various disorders, their effects on health and quality of life, and their respective courses of treatment, followed by different bioelectrical signals like those detected by Electroencephalography (EEG), Electrocardiography (ECG), and Electromyography (EMG). In turn, the book discusses a range of nonlinear techniques, fractals, multifractals, and Higuchi’s Fractal Dimension (HFD), with mathematical examples and procedures. A review of studies conducted to date on neurological disorders like epilepsy, dementia, Parkinson’s, Huntington, Alzheimer’s, and Motor Neuron Diseases, which incorporate linear and nonlinear techniques, is also provided. The book subsequently presents new findings on neurological disorders of the central nervous system, namely Parkinson’s disease and Huntington’s disease, by analyzing their gait characteristics using a nonlinear fractal based technique: Multifractal Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (MFDFA). In closing, the book elaborates on several parameters that can be obtained from cross-correlation studies of ECG and blood pressure, and can be used as markers for neurological disorders.
This book addresses the acoustic signal analysis and spectral dynamics of the tanpura, an Indian plucked string instrument. In addition, it strives to provide a logical and objective explanation of Indian classical musicians’ cognitive experience. Issues of relevance in this regard include the rich, mellifluous sound; the undulation of the loudness; the somewhat cyclical variation of the timbre, which is strongly related to these undulations; and the occasional perception of virtual notes to which no strings are tuned. The book analyses the materials used in the tanpura, the instrument’s simple structure, the intricacies of the lower bridge, and the theory of string vibration with variable string length. Cognitive experiments to provide the basis for perceptual quality assessment, as well as a methodology for ranking, are described. This is followed by acoustic analyses, both temporal and spectral, for sounds produced by male and female tanpuras, for each individual string and the combined one. An important aspect related to the naturalness of perceived sound, namely the intrinsically associated random perturbations, is also discussed. The apparent irregularities perceived in the acoustic signal produced by the tanpura reveal the importance of examining the signal from the perspective of non-linear analysis, an aspect that is also covered in the book. Given its scope, the book will appeal to students and researchers in the fields of music acoustics, artificial intelligence, and cognitive science, as well as musicians and musicologists around the world.
The present anthology which covers eighteen well-explored articles on tribal perspectives in India, assesses critically the tribal art, culture and literature. It also endeavours to bring into surface issues and challenges faced by Indian tribes in reference to their life and hardships, policies adopted by government for their development and problems in their implementation. The book as a whole tries to meet all crucial aspects of Indian tribes. Hopefully the book would serve to larger section of humanity laying bare many hidden facts related to tribal life and culture.
This book provides a comprehensive overview of how fractal analytics can lead to the extraction of interesting features from the complex electroencephalograph (EEG) signals generated by Hindustani classical music. It particularly focuses on how the brain responses to the emotional attributes of Hindustani classical music that have been long been a source of discussion for musicologists and psychologists. Using robust scientific techniques that are capable of looking into the most intricate dynamics of the complex EEG signals, it deciphers the human brain’s response to different ragas of Hindustani classical music, shedding new light on what happens inside the performer’s brain when they are mentally composing the imagery of a particular raga. It also explores the much- debated issue in the musical fraternity of whether there are any universal cues in music that make it identifiable for people throughout the world, and if so, what are the neural correlates associated with the universal cues? This book is of interest to researchers and scholars of music and the brain, nonlinear science, music cognition, music signal processing and music information retrieval. In addition, researchers in the field of nonlinear biomedical signal processing and music signal analysis benefit from this book.
The book looks at the corporate management system and how it affects company performance. The main theme revolves around the notion that when a company values its workers and their satisfaction, that company can achieve success. The book is unique in its quantitative perspective and analysis and examines whether a corporate management system can be regarded as a source of a firm's competitive advantage by creating a sustainable competitive advantage and firm performance. The book examines how, in the context of Japanese multinational corporations (MNCs), corporate management can be part of an MNC's strategy in enhancing its capabilities, both in the home and abroad, in Japan and in Thailand. Also, it analyses the reason for the demise of two major Indian companies, Dunlop and Hindustan Motors in terms of their unsympathetic management systems.
The purpose of this book is to study an unexplored area of corporate governance. The authors examine whether the corporate governance system can be affected by organizational culture, leader culture, and the operations management system in general. In addition, they study how a specific corporate governance system can affect the organizational culture and operations management system and create a different type of leader culture. This is an in-depth study of Japanese multinational companies and a comparison of their corporate governance system at home (in Japan) and in host countries like Britain, India, and Thailand.The authors conducted a series of in-depth interviews with the senior executives of major Japanese multinational companies to construct quantitative models for Japan, Thailand and India, and to analyze the aforementioned propositions.
This book, the second of two volumes, is inspired by the famous philosopher of India, Kautilya, author of the first book on economics in the world, Arthashashtra. It analyzes the influence of ethical values from ancient societies on modern systems of management and economics. While this book deals with the “global sages” like Aristotle, Buddha, Jesus, the scope is also expanded to incorporate other notable modern thinkers like Karl Marx, Adam Smith, and Rabindranath Tagore. This book aims to highlight the interrelationships between ethics and management, both from a micro and macroeconomics, as well as organizational and national, perspective. It will be useful for those interested in history, economics, development studies, international relations, and global politics.
The book, ‘Distribution of trees across the Western Ghats in Karnataka’, provides an analytical overview of how trees and other plants are distributed across various forests of the Western Ghats region in the state of Karnataka in India. The analysis is based on feedback provided by field functionaries of the Karnataka Forest Department (KFD) in pursuance of a project initiated by KFD in collaboration with the Karnataka State Remote Sensing Applications Centre (KSRSAC), Bengaluru, to study various aspects of the state’s forests. Given the enormity of the data regarding trees and other plants adorning the forests of the entire state, the analysis in the present book is limited to the western half of the state’s Western Ghats region comprising the five districts of Belagavi, Uttara Kannada, Udupi, Dakshina Kannada and Kodagu. Range-wise segregation of the data has thrown light on various attributes such as forest types, tree distribution, tree association, tree dominance, tree preponderance, etc. in each forest range. Comparative analysis of such information for a cluster of ranges enables understanding of how these attributes change across a larger landscape such as a forest division or a forest circle. Analysis of the data has also provided information about the extent of fragmentation of natural forests due to plantations. Such information can be quite useful in rehabilitating monoculture patches back to natural forest.
From the prediction of complex weather patterns to the design of swimsuits, modeling has, over the years, quietly but steadily become an essential part of almost every field and industry-and steelmaking is no exception. Factors such as visual opacity, high operating temperature, and the relatively large size of industrial reactors often preclude di
The book, ‘FORESTS OF KARNATAKA - WHY AND HOW OF WHERE THEY ARE,’ attempts at understanding the diverse forests of Karnataka, their current status, and the primary factors that led to their transformation from their pristine (original and un-spoilt) states to the present states. Although formation of different types of forest depends fundamentally upon the general climatic and soil-related factors which vary from place to place, the present conditions of the forests are to a considerable extent reflective of the treatments meted out to them over the centuries. Past treatments of the forests include past forest management practices such as forest reservation, logging, clear-felling, raising plantations, forest protection, etc. as well as other biotic factors such as shifting cultivation, expansion of agriculture, heavy withdrawals of biomass, introduction of plantation crops, recurring fires, over-grazing, encroachments, etc. As a matter of fact, we now have different types of forest in different parts of the state depending upon the nature and intensity of the past interventions. The book while analysing various factors that resulted in degradation of a vast majority of the state’s forests has also suggested ways and means of how the existing forests can be protected from further degradation, enabling them to recover and rejuvenate.
India, Citizenship, and Refugee Crisis: Political History of Hatred and Sorrow examines the effects of the Partition of India in 1947. The partition as suggested by the British to satisfy the Muslims, who formed the bulk of the British Army during the 2nd world war, could not stop the communal riots but instead led to their intensification. The effects were tremendous flows of refugees, Muslims from India to Pakistan and a few non-Muslims from Pakistan to India. That refugee problem was solved in Pakistan as the flow was limited due to the protection of the Muslims granted by India, but it is still a problem in India due to inability of the Indian government to provide enough security and facility to the refugees. This book analyzes the diverse issues surrounding this political history from economic and social points of view.
This compact book is an excellent elucidation of the basics of optimization theory in the areas of linear programming and game theory. The theory has been developed in a systematic manner with a recapitulation of the necessary mathematical preliminaries including in good measure the elements of convexity theory. All the essential topics such as simplex algorithm, duality, revised simplex method, two-phase method and dual simplex method have been discussed lucidly. The age-old transportation and assignment problems have been treated thoroughly to manifest all the dimensions of the problems. Finally, the game theory comes with grandeur of reality of conflicts. This user-friendly text is designed for the undergraduate students in mathematics. Besides, it will be useful to students pursuing courses in engineering, management and economics.
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