Evidence based herbal drugs are on hi-acceptance day by day due to health friendly nature compared to synthetic drugs. The active ingredients in herbal drugs are different chemical classes, e.g. alkaloids, coumarins, flavonoids, glycosides, phenols, steroids, terpenes etc., are identified at molecular level using current analytical practices, which are unique characteristic, as finger, so known as fingerprints. The fingerprints are used for assessment of quality consistency and stability by visible observation and comparison of the standardized fingerprint pattern, have scientific potential to decipher the claims made on these drugs for authenticity and reliability of chemical constituents, with total traceability, which starts from the proper identification, season and area of collection, storage, their processing, stability during processing, and rationalizing the combinational in case of polyherbal drugs. These quality oriented documents have ample scientific logics so well accepted globally by regulatory authorities and industries, to determine intentional/ unintentional contamination, adulteration, pollutants, stability, quality, etc. parameters. Based on geo-climatic factors, a same plant species has different pharmacological properties due to different ingredients; such regional and morphological variations are identified by fingerprints, at the time of collection of the medicinal herb. The chromatographic (TLC, HPTLC, HPLC, GC,) and spectral (UV-Vis., FTIR, MNR, MS, LC-MS, GC-MS etc.) techniques have world-wide strong scientific approval as validated methods to generate the fingerprints of different chemical classes of active ingredients of herbal drugs. Presently there is a need for a book having all the fingerprinting techniques for herbal drugs at a place with theory, case studies and art to discover patentable forms. The present book is a mile stone in the subject, to be utilized by Scientists, Medical Doctors, Technicians, Industrialists, Researchers, and Students both in PG and UG levels.
This book is a reference book for undergraduate introductory course in abstract algebra . It treats set theory, group theory, ring theory, and field theory, and Vector spaces. As an introduction, it presupposes no prior knowledge of abstract algebra, but provides a well-motivated, clear, and rigorous treatment of the subject, illustrated by many examples. Each of its chapters concludes with a variety of exercises ranging from the straightforward to the challenging in order to reinforce students' knowledge of the subject. Some of these are particular examples that illustrate the theory while others are general results that develop the theory further.
VOLUME 1: INFERTILITY SECTION 1: ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 1. Anatomy of the Reproductive System 2. Regulation and Physiology of Menstrual Cycle 3. Oogenesis and Folliculogenesis 4. Spermatogenesis 5. Fertilization and Embryogenesis 6. Implantation 7. Embryo Endometrial Crosstalk and Endometrial Receptivity SECTION 2: REPRODUCTIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY 8. Synthesis and Metabolism of Steroid Hormones 9. Puberty and Aberrations 10. Amenorrhea 11. Endocrine Disorders Affecting Reproduction 12. Hirsutism 13. Luteal Phase Defect 14. Anovulation 15. Declining Fertility SECTION 3: COMBINED TOPICS 16. Evaluation of Infertility 17. Immunology and Infertility 18. Cytogenetics and Subfertility 19. Obesity and Infertility 20. Unexplained Infertility 21. Fertility Preservation 22. Counseling in Infertility 23. Assisted Reproductive Technology in Patients with Chronic Medical Disorders SECTION 4: MALE INFERTILITY 24. Etiopathogenesis of Male Infertility 25. Clinical and Endocrinological Evaluation of Infertile Male 26. Sexual Dysfunction in Male Infertility 27. Ultrasound in Male Infertility 28. Medical Management of Male Infertility 29. Azoospermia: Evaluation and Management 30. Varicocele and Infertility 31. Spinal Cord Injuries and Male Infertility 32. Algorithms for Genetic Evaluation of Infertile Males SECTION 5: FEMALE FACTOR INFERTILITY 33. Uterine Factors in Infertility 34. Tubal Factors in Infertility 35. Infections and Infertility 36. Tuberculosis and Infertility 37. Sonoendocrinology and Cycle Monitoring Assisted Reproduction Technology 38. Transvaginal Ultrasound and Doppler in Infertility 39. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome 40. Assessment of Ovarian Reserve 41. Endometriosis 42. Endoscopy in Infertility 43. Reconstructive Surgeries Enhancing Fertility SECTION 6: INTRAUTERINE INSEMINATION 44. Intrauterine Insemination 45. Optimizing Success in Intrauterine Insemination SECTION 7: OVARIAN STIMULATION 46. Drugs for Ovarian Stimulation 47. Ovulation Induction and Ovarian Stimulation Protocols 48. Role of Adjuvants in Ovarian Stimulation 49. Gonadotropinreleasing Hormone Analogs 50. Monitoring of Ovarian Stimulation 51. Ovulation Trigger 52. Individualized Controlled Ovarian Stimulation 53. In Vitro Fertilization Lite 54. Role of Luteinizing Hormone in Ovarian Stimulation 55. Anesthesia in Assisted Reproductive Techniques 56. Oocyte Retrieval. 57. Embryo Transfer 58. Troubleshooting in Assisted Reproductive Technology 59. Luteal Phase Support SECTION 8: DILEMMA IN ART 60. Poor Responder 61. Recurrent Implantation Failure 62. Empty Follicle Syndrome 63. Role of Aneuploidy Screening in Preimplantation Embryos 64. Preimplantation Genetic Testing of Embryos 65. Epigenetics and Assisted Reproductive Technology SECTION 9: COMPLICATIONS IN ART 66. Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome 67. Ectopic Pregnancy 68. Multipleorder Births SECTION 10: THIRD PARTY REPRODUCTION 69. Oocyte and Sperm Donation 70. Surrogacy in Assisted Reproductive Technology 71. Assisted Reproductive Technology Guidelines 72. Adoption 73. LGBTQ and Fertility 74. Transgender Population and Fertility SECTION 11: OUTCOME FOLLOWING ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNIQUE 75. Maternal and Fetal Outcomes Following Assisted Reproductive Technique 76. Early Pregnancy Scan 77. Recurrent Pregnancy Loss: From Diagnostic Dilemmas to Clinical Decisions SECTION 12: RECENT ADVANCES 78. Bioengineered Human Endometrium In Vitro. 79. Recent Trends in A...
Linear Algebra to Differential Equations concentrates on the essential topics necessary for all engineering students in general and computer science branch students, in particular. Specifically, the topics dealt will help the reader in applying linear algebra as a tool. The advent of high-speed computers has paved the way for studying large systems of linear equations as well as large systems of linear differential equations. Along with the standard numerical methods, methods that curb the progress of error are given for solving linear systems of equations. The topics of linear algebra and differential equations are linked by Kronecker products and calculus of matrices. These topics are useful in dealing with linear systems of differential equations and matrix differential equations. Differential equations are treated in terms of vector and matrix differential systems, as they naturally arise while formulating practical problems. The essential concepts dealing with the solutions and their stability are briefly presented to motivate the reader towards further investigation. This book caters to the needs of Engineering students in general and in particular, to students of Computer Science & Engineering, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and Robotics. Further, the book provides a quick and complete overview of linear algebra and introduces linear differential systems, serving the basic requirements of scientists and researchers in applied fields. Features Provides complete basic knowledge of the subject Exposes the necessary topics lucidly Introduces the abstraction and at the same time is down to earth Highlights numerical methods and approaches that are more useful Essential techniques like SVD and PCA are given Applications (both classical and novel) bring out similarities in various disciplines: Illustrative examples for every concept: A brief overview of techniques that hopefully serves the present and future needs of students and scientists.
Database management courses introduce students to languages, applications and programming used for the design and maintenance of business databases. One of the basic skills covered in database management courses is the use of Structured Query Language (SQL), the most common database manipulation language. Students learn to write programs with packages, debugging procedures, triggers and database structures using SQL. Database management courses may also cover Visual Basic programming language skills for program design. Other database management skills include the use of data and object modeling, relational algebra, relational data models and applications programming. The physical characteristics of databases, reliability and system performance are additional topics in database management. In database concepts classes, the emphasis is on normalization, data dictionaries and data integrity. Students' skill set upon course completion should include designing and implementing normalized databases using database reports and creating forms and tables. Students completing database applications classes will have the skills necessary to create multiple table systems with screens, updates and reports.
The authors provide practical, research-informed, guidelines and detailed lesson plans that improve learning of chemical, physical, biological, and Earth & space sciences. The context for learning is the myriad of exciting opportunities provided by informal science institutions such as zoos, museums, space centers and the outdoors. Many such institutions seek to educate the public and inspire budding scientists. Visits outside school help students relate science to everyday life, providing strong motivation to learn science for all abilities. This book shows the key to making such visits effective, is when they are linked to classroom learning using a learning management system, drawing upon modern students’ fascination with digital technologies and mobile devices.
Sanskrit Informatics is intended as a study guide for Sanskrit Students attending methodology courses on Informatics. It can create awareness about the available digital resources on Sanskrit and Indology, and introduce the basics of ICT skills for effectively accessing, processing and using such resources
The tools of Quantitative Techniques are essential for every Commerce and Management student of the modern business world. This book is designed according to the syllabus of MBA/PGDBA course students.
Observing the environment and recognising patterns for the purpose of decision making is fundamental to human nature. This book deals with the scientific discipline that enables similar perception in machines through pattern recognition (PR), which has application in diverse technology areas. This book is an exposition of principal topics in PR using an algorithmic approach. It provides a thorough introduction to the concepts of PR and a systematic account of the major topics in PR besides reviewing the vast progress made in the field in recent times. It includes basic techniques of PR, neural networks, support vector machines and decision trees. While theoretical aspects have been given due coverage, the emphasis is more on the practical. The book is replete with examples and illustrations and includes chapter-end exercises. It is designed to meet the needs of senior undergraduate and postgraduate students of computer science and allied disciplines.
This new volume addresses the growing interest in and use of big data analytics in many industries and in many research fields around the globe; it is a comprehensive resource on the core concepts of big data analytics and the tools, techniques, and methodologies. The book gives the why and the how of big data analytics in an organized and straightforward manner, using both theoretical and practical approaches. The book’s authors have organized the contents in a systematic manner, starting with an introduction and overview of big data analytics and then delving into pre-processing methods, feature selection methods and algorithms, big data streams, and big data classification. Such terms and methods as swarm intelligence, data mining, the bat algorithm and genetic algorithms, big data streams, and many more are discussed. The authors explain how deep learning and machine learning along with other methods and tools are applied in big data analytics. The last section of the book presents a selection of illustrative case studies that show examples of the use of data analytics in industries such as health care, business, education, and social media.
The major aim to write this textbook is to provide information in articulate summarized manner to accomplish necessities of undergraduates as per PCI regulation. This volume is designed not only according to curriculum of undergraduate courses in pharmacy by PCI but also to communicate knowledge on Pharmaceutical Jurisprudence for post graduate learners. We assured this book will be originated very valuable by graduates, post graduates, professors and industrial learners. However any suggestion for further improvement of text are welcome and will be taken due note of.
An Introduction to Numerical Analysis is designed for a first course on numerical analysis for students of Science and Engineering including Computer Science. The text contains derivation of algorithms for solving engineering and science problems and also deals with error analysis. It has numerical examples suitable for solving through computers. The special features are comparative efficiency and accuracy of various algorithms due to finite digit arithmetic used by the computers.
This book adopts a detailed and methodological algorithmic approach to explain the concepts of pattern recognition. While the text provides a systematic account of its major topics such as pattern representation and nearest neighbour based classifiers, current topics — neural networks, support vector machines and decision trees — attributed to the recent vast progress in this field are also dealt with. Introduction to Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning will equip readers, especially senior computer science undergraduates, with a deeper understanding of the subject matter.
Dr.T.Arumuga Maria Devi, Assistant Professor, Centre for Information Technology and Engineering, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India. Dr.G.Heren Chellam, Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science, Rani Anna Government College for Women,Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India. Dr.T.J.Benedict Jose, Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Applications, Government Arts and Science College, Palkulam, Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu, India. Dr.D.Sharmila, Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Applications, Government Arts and Science College, Palkulam, Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu, India. Mrs.A.Premalatha, Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science, Rani Anna Government College for Women,Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India.
This book discusses the history of environmental science and climate change, and the initiation and development of different parameters determining climate changes. The account of the history of such changes and turmoil in India and abroad starts in the prehistoric period, long before the emergence of “Rigveda”, the first human written work. The book describes the writings of Aristotle and Theophrastus on climatic disasters and their impact on the vegetation and society in Greek and Roman history, and addresses different studies related to climate change during the prehistoric period and their chronological development. The first book of its kind, it enhances our understanding the origin of research on climate change and climate related problems, and as such is a valuable resource for postgraduate students of agriculture and environment sciences, research scholars, scientists, environmentalists and policy planners.
Railway systems have a long history of train protection and control, as to reduce the risk of train accidents. Many train control systems include automated communication between train and trackside equipment. But several different national systems are still facing cross-border rail traffic. Today, trains for cross-border traffic need to be equipped with train control systems that are installed on the tracks. This book covers the latest advances in Communication Based Train Control (CBTC) research in on-board components locomotive messaging systems, GPS sensors, communications wayside and switching networks. It also focuses on architecture and methodology using data fusion techniques. New wireless sensor integrated modeling techniques for tracking trains in satellite visible and low satellite visible environments are discussed. With a Tunnel Surveillance Integration model, the use of optimal control is necessary to improve train control performance, considering both train–ground communication and train control. The book begins with the background and evolution of train signaling and train control systems. It introduces the main features and architecture of CBTC systems and describes current challenging methods and successful implementations. This introductory book is very useful for Signal & Telecommunication engineers to get them acquainted with the technology used in CBTC, and help them in implementing the system suitable for Indian Railways. As this is a new technology, the information provided in this book is generic and will be subsequently revised after gaining further experience.
A practical guide to next-generation wireless terrestrial optical communication through the atmospheric channel Terrestrial Wireless Optical Communication provides in-depth details on free space optics (FSO), from basic concepts to design implementation. The book explains channel characteristics in the near-IR and IR range of the spectrum, atmospheric channel models, modulation and detection techniques, optimal performance, capacity enhancement methods, and forward-error coding schemes. Link and system design issues, reliability, and safety standards are also discussed. The information in this essential guide enables you to deliver cost-effective and transparent wireless network interoperability and expandability. Coverage includes: Introduction--optical wireless communication systems Wireless optical channels Channel modeling Modulation techniques Diversity and detection techniques in optical fading channels Channel capacity Coding in FSO channels FSO link and system design
In coastal aquifers, saltwater intrusion may cause serious consequences in terms of both environmental and economic impacts. An attempt has been made in the present study to elucidate the quality of groundwaterin the study area in terms of the chemical parameter change due to the seasonal variation of water level. The present study deals with the physio-chemical characteristics of groundwater quality in Nagapattinam district.The study area showed generally similar hydrochemical characteristics slightly higher level of Cl-, Na+, and EC was observed. Based on the Cl- , Na+ and EC data, the groundwater falls within high salinity.
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