David Zimring's Books

A Pattern of Violence

How the Law Classifies Crimes and What It Means for Justice

By: David Alan Sklansky

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A Pattern of Violence

How the Law Classifies Crimes and What It Means for Justice

By: David Alan Sklansky

A law professor and former prosecutor reveals how inconsistent ideas about violence, enshrined in law, are at the root of the problems that plague our entire criminal justice system—from mass incarceration to police brutality. We take for granted that some crimes are violent and others aren’t. But how do we decide what counts as a violent act? David Alan Sklansky argues that legal notions about violence—its definition, causes, and moral significance—are functions of political choices, not eternal truths. And these choices are central to failures of our criminal justice system. The common distinction between violent and nonviolent acts, for example, played virtually no role in criminal law before the latter half of the twentieth century. Yet to this day, with more crimes than ever called “violent,” this distinction determines how we judge the seriousness of an offense, as well as the perpetrator’s debt and danger to society. Similarly, criminal law today treats violence as a pathology of individual character. But in other areas of law, including the procedural law that covers police conduct, the situational context of violence carries more weight. The result of these inconsistencies, and of society’s unique fear of violence since the 1960s, has been an application of law that reinforces inequities of race and class, undermining law’s legitimacy. A Pattern of Violence shows that novel legal philosophies of violence have motivated mass incarceration, blunted efforts to hold police accountable, constrained responses to sexual assault and domestic abuse, pushed juvenile offenders into adult prisons, encouraged toleration of prison violence, and limited responses to mass shootings. Reforming legal notions of violence is therefore an essential step toward justice.

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337

Publisher

Harvard University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0674248902

ISBN 13

9780674248908

Juvenile Justice in the Making

By: David Spinoza Tanenhaus

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Juvenile Justice in the Making

By: David Spinoza Tanenhaus

Faith in childhood, and its corollary that separate courts are required for children because they are developmentally different from adults, appears to be vanishing in the USA. This book examines one of America's most influential legal inventions and its future.

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263

Publisher

Oxford University Press, USA

Published Date

ISBN 10

0195160452

ISBN 13

9780195160451

Criminals and Victims

By: W. David Allen

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Criminals and Victims

By: W. David Allen

Criminals and Victims presents an economic analysis of decisions made by criminals and victims of crime before, during, and after a crime or victimization occurs. Its main purpose is to illustrate how the application of analytical tools from economics can help us to understand the causes and consequences of criminal and victim choices, aiding efforts to deter or reduce the consequences of crime. By examining these decisions along a logical timeline over which crimes take place, we can begin to think more clearly about how policy effects change when it is targeted at specific decisions within the body of a crime. This book differs from others by recognizing the timeline of a crime, paying particular attention to victim decisions, and examining each step in the crime cycle at the micro-level. It demonstrates that criminals plan their crimes in systematic, economically logical ways; that deterring the destruction of criminal evidence may deter crime in general; and that white-collar criminals exhibit recidivism patterns not unlike those of street criminals. It further shows that the degree of criminality in a society motivates a variety of self-protection behaviors by potential victims; that not all victim resistance makes matters worse (and some may help); and that victims who report their crimes do not receive high returns for going to the police, helping to explain why some crimes ultimately go unreported.

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445

Publisher

Stanford University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0804777594

ISBN 13

9780804777599

Making Public Places Safer

Surveillance and Crime Prevention

By: Brandon Welsh,David P. Farrington

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Making Public Places Safer

Surveillance and Crime Prevention

By: Brandon Welsh,David P. Farrington

This title assesses the effectiveness and social costs of the most important surveillance methods to prevent crime in public space: CCTV, improved street lighting, security guards, place managers, and defensible space. Importantly, the book goes beyond the question of 'Does it work?' and examines specific conditions and contexts.

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177

Publisher

OUP USA

Published Date

ISBN 10

0195326210

ISBN 13

9780195326215

Medicaid Politics and Policy

Second Edition

By: David G. Smith,Judith D. Moore

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Medicaid Politics and Policy

Second Edition

By: David G. Smith,Judith D. Moore

The story of Medicaid comes alive for readers in this strong narrative, including detailed accounts of important policy changes and extensive use of interviews. A central theme of the book is that Medicaid is a “weak entitlement,” one less established or effectively defended than Medicare or Social Security, but more secure than welfare or food stamps. In their analysis, the authors argue that the future of Medicaid is sound. It has the flexibility to be adapted by states as well as to allow for policy innovation. At the same time, the program lacks an effective mechanism for overall reform. They note Medicaid has become a source of perennial political controversy as it has grown to become the largest health insurance system in the country. The book’s dual emphasis on politics and policy is important in making the arcane Medicaid program accessible to readersand in distinguishing policy grounded in analysis from partisan ideology. This second edition features a new preface, three new chapters accounting for the changes to the Affordable Care Act, and an updated glossary.

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451

Publisher

Transaction Publishers

Published Date

ISBN 10

141285640X

ISBN 13

9781412856409

The Culture of Capital Punishment in Japan

By: David T. Johnson

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The Culture of Capital Punishment in Japan

By: David T. Johnson

This open access book provides a comparative perspective on capital punishment in Japan and the United States. Alongside the US, Japan is one of only a few developed democracies in the world which retains capital punishment and continues to carry out executions on a regular basis. There are some similarities between the two systems of capital punishment but there are also many striking differences. These include differences in capital jurisprudence, execution method, the nature and extent of secrecy surrounding death penalty deliberations and executions, institutional capacities to prevent and discover wrongful convictions, orientations to lay participation and to victim participation, and orientations to “democracy” and governance. Johnson also explores several fundamental issues about the ultimate criminal penalty, such as the proper role of citizen preferences in governing a system of punishment and the relevance of the feelings of victims and survivors.

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139

Publisher

Springer Nature

Published Date

ISBN 10

3030320863

ISBN 13

9783030320867

Junkyards, Gearheads, and Rust

Salvaging the Automotive Past

By: David N. Lucsko

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Junkyards, Gearheads, and Rust

Salvaging the Automotive Past

By: David N. Lucsko

The automotive salvage business in America, 1900-2010 : an overview -- Parts, parts cars, and car enthusiasts : the art and practice of direct recycling -- "Arizona gold" : enthusiast-specialty salvage yards, 1920s-2000s -- "Junkyard jamboree" : hunting for treasure in the automotive past, 1950-2010 -- Not in my neighbor's backyard, either : junkyards, gearheads, and zoning and eyesore ordinances, 1965-2010 -- Of clunkers and Camaros : policymakers, enthusiasts, and old-car scrappage, 1990-2009 -- Something old, something new

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279

Publisher

JHU Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

1421419424

ISBN 13

9781421419428

Penal Populism and Public Opinion

Lessons from Five Countries

By: Julian V. Roberts,Loretta J. Stalans,David Indermaur,Mike Hough

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Penal Populism and Public Opinion

Lessons from Five Countries

By: Julian V. Roberts,Loretta J. Stalans,David Indermaur,Mike Hough

Although criminal justice systems vary greatly around the world, one theme has emerged in all western jurisdictions in recent years: a rise in both the rhetoric and practice of severe punishment at a time when public opinion has played a pivotal role in sentencing policy and reforms. Despite the differences among jurisdictions, startling commonalities exist among the five countries-the U.K., USA, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand--surveyed here. Drawing on the results of representative opinion surveys and other research tools the authors map public attitudes towards crime and punishment across countries and explore the congruence between public views and actual policies. Co-authored by four distinguished sentencing policy experts, Penal Populism and Public Opinion is a clarion call for limiting the influence of penal populism and instituting more informed, research- based sentencing policies across the western world.

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264

Publisher

Oxford University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

019028577X

ISBN 13

9780190285777

America Without the Death Penalty

States Leading the Way

By: John F. Galliher,Larry W. Koch,David Patrick Keys,Teresa J. Guess

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America Without the Death Penalty

States Leading the Way

By: John F. Galliher,Larry W. Koch,David Patrick Keys,Teresa J. Guess

In 2000, Governor George Ryan of Illinois, a Republican and a supporter of the death penalty, declared a moratorium on executions in his state. In 2003 he commuted the death sentences of all Illinois prisoners on death row. Ryan contended that the application of the death penalty in Illinois had been arbitrary and unfair, and he ignited a new round of debate over the appropriateness of execution. Nationwide surveys indicate that the number of Americans who favor the death penalty is declining. As the struggle over capital punishment rages on, twelve states and the District of Columbia have taken bold measures to eliminate the practice. This landmark study is the first to examine the history and motivations of those jurisdictions that abolished capital punishment and have resisted the move to reinstate death penalty statutes.

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294

Publisher

UPNE

Published Date

ISBN 10

1555536395

ISBN 13

9781555536398

The Culture of Control: Crime and Social Order in Contemporary Society

By: David Garland

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The Culture of Control: Crime and Social Order in Contemporary Society

By: David Garland

The Culture of Control charts the dramatic changes in crime control and criminal justice that have occurred in Britain and America over the last 25 years. It explains these transformations by showing how the social organization of late modern society has prompted a series of political and cultural adaptations that alter how governments and citizens think and act in relation to crime. The book presents an original and in-depth analysis of contemporary crime control, revealing its underlying logics and rationalities, and identifying the social relations and cultural sensibilities that have produced this new culture of control.

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922

Publisher

OUP Oxford

Published Date

ISBN 10

0191018287

ISBN 13

9780191018282

Rogers' Textbook of Pediatric Intensive Care

By: Donald H. Shaffner,David G. Nichols

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Rogers' Textbook of Pediatric Intensive Care

By: Donald H. Shaffner,David G. Nichols

Now in vibrant full color throughout, Rogers’ Textbook of Pediatric Intensive Care, 5th Edition, continues its tradition of excellence as the gold standard in the field. For more than 25 years, readers have turned to this comprehensive resource for clear explanations of both the principles underlying pediatric critical care disease and trauma as well as how these principles are applied in clinical practice. In the 5th Edition, more than 250 global contributors bring you completely up to date on today’s understanding, treatments, technologies, and outcomes regarding critical illness in children.

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5597

Publisher

Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Published Date

ISBN 10

1469888378

ISBN 13

9781469888378

The Economic Anatomy of a Drug War

Criminal Justice in the Commons

By: David W. Rasmussen,Bruce L. Benson

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The Economic Anatomy of a Drug War

Criminal Justice in the Commons

By: David W. Rasmussen,Bruce L. Benson

A challenging study of where America went wrong in the war on drugs. Even those who disagree will have to take notice of this well-argued book.'-John DiIulio, Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University

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286

Publisher

Rowman & Littlefield

Published Date

ISBN 10

0847679101

ISBN 13

9780847679102

Police-Related Deaths in the United States

By: David Baker

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Police-Related Deaths in the United States

By: David Baker

Police Related Deaths in the United States examines how police related deaths in the US occur; how investigations are conducted into these deaths; and why such deaths and the investigatory processes into them provoke such concern in the wider American society. The book considers such deaths as being the result of structural and systemic factors in policing, the criminal justice system, and broader socio-political and socio-legal landscapes in the U.S.. It argues that an increasingly aggressive police mindset allied with relatively toothless regulatory frameworks effectively lead to police being enabled by the criminal justice system to use lethal force with relative impunity. The book considers the disproportionate number of deaths in marginalized communities, for example: people of color, people who are mentally unwell, and LGBTQ people. Each chapter in the book begins with a case study of a specific police related death and places issues within that case in the wider context of policing in the US. David Baker argues that the effects of these deaths go beyond merely policing and criminal justice, and corrodes the core fabric of American society.

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Page Count

185

Publisher

Rowman & Littlefield

Published Date

ISBN 10

1793611580

ISBN 13

9781793611581

Private Guns, Public Health, New Ed.

By: David Hemenway

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Private Guns, Public Health, New Ed.

By: David Hemenway

On an average day in the United States, guns are used to kill over ninety people and wound about three hundred more; yet such facts are accepted as a natural consequence of supposedly high American rates of violence. Private Guns, Public Health reveals the advantages of treating gun violence as a consumer safety and public health problem—an approach that emphasizes prevention over punishment and that has successfully reduced the rates of injury and death from infectious disease, car accidents, and tobacco consumption. Hemenway fair-mindedly and authoritatively outlines a policy course that would significantly reduce gun-related injury and death, pointing us toward a solution.

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395

Publisher

University of Michigan Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0472123254

ISBN 13

9780472123254

Firearms Law and the Second Amendment

Regulation, Rights, and Policy

By: Nicholas J. Johnson,Donald E. Kilmer,David B. Kopel,George A. Mocsary,E. Gregory Wallace

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Firearms Law and the Second Amendment

Regulation, Rights, and Policy

By: Nicholas J. Johnson,Donald E. Kilmer,David B. Kopel,George A. Mocsary,E. Gregory Wallace

The right to keep and bear arms evokes great controversy. To some, it is a bulwark against tyranny and criminal violence; to others, it is an anachronism and serious danger.Firearms Law and the Second Amendment is the leading casebook and scholarly treatise on arms law. It provides a comprehensive domestic and international treatment of the history of arms law. In-depth coverage of modern federal and state laws and litigation prepare students to be practice-ready for firearms cases. The book covers legal history from ninth-century England through the United States in 2021. It examines arms laws and culture in broad social context, ranging from racial issues to technological advances. Seven online chapters cover arms laws in global historical context, from Confucian times to the present. The online chapters also discuss arms law and policy relating to race, gender, sexual orientation, and other statuses and how firearms and ammunition work. New to the Third Edition: Important cases and new regulatory issues since the 2017 second edition, including public carry, limits on in-home possession, bans on types of arms, non-firearm arms (like knives or sprays), Red Flag laws, and restoration of firearms rights Expanded social science and criminological data about firearms ownership and crimes Deeper coverage of state arms control laws and constitutional provisions Extended analysis of how Native American firearm policies and skills shaped interactions with European-Americans, provided the tools for three centuries of resistance, and became a foundation of American arms culture The latest research on English legal history, which is essential to modern cases on the right to bear arms Professors, students, and practicing lawyers will benefit from: Practical advice and resource guides for lawyers, like early career prosecutors or defenders, who will soon practice firearms law Five chapters on the diverse approaches of lower courts in applying the Supreme Court precedents in Heller and McDonald to contemporary laws Historical sources that shaped, and continue to influence, the right to arms

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1470

Publisher

Aspen Publishing

Published Date

ISBN 10

1543826822

ISBN 13

9781543826821

Program Evaluation and Family Violence Research

By: Sally K. Ward,David Finkelhor

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Program Evaluation and Family Violence Research

By: Sally K. Ward,David Finkelhor

Understand and evaluate family violence programs for your community! Twenty years ago, the major issue in creating interventions to prevent domestic violence was persuading the courts, the funding agencies, and society that domestic violence was a serious problem worthy of time, trouble, and money. Now that the importance of domestic violence has been established, we need safe and effective ways to evaluate those interventions to see which ones are working and how they can be improved. Program Evaluation and Family Violence Research brings together some of the best minds in the field discussing such vital evaluation issues as policy implications, alternative designs for evaluation studies, and ethical concerns. This comprehensive book approaches the vexed question of evaluation with compassion as well as scientific rigor. Clearly, traditional double-blind studies and control groups are difficult to conduct when family violence is the subject; it is ethically indefensible to sit back and watch abusers hurt their mates or children when interventions are available. Yet finding usable methods of program evaluation is also essential. Program Evaluation and Family Violence Research confronts these questions and discusses practical ways to evaluate a variety of domestic violence programs. Program Evaluation and Family Violence Research draws on years of experience to address the difficult questions raised, including: going beyond evaluating program effectiveness to analyze why and how interventions help change behavior creating new research designs to adapt to the unique concerns of the family violence field using meta-analysis for program evaluation research determining the interaction between research and program results identifying barriers between community activists and social scientists that may impede research Program Evaluation and Family Violence Research offers fresh and creative ways to do program evaluations, guarantee subjects’physical and emotional safety, and make good science humane.

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Page Count

330

Publisher

Routledge

Published Date

ISBN 10

1317719999

ISBN 13

9781317719991

A Navy Admiral's Bronze Rules

Managing Risk and Leadership

By: David R Oliver

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A Navy Admiral's Bronze Rules

Managing Risk and Leadership

By: David R Oliver

A Navy Admiral's Bronze Rules uses case studies to explore the inherent risks of leadership and the tools available to those who nevertheless wish to take those chances. Real world examples are used and inevitably expose hitherto unrevealed history. The latter includes a secret of the Yom Kippur War, the background of the 1986 bloodless revolution in the Philippines, how Admiral Bud Zumwalt was such a unique Chief of Naval Operations, why our National War Plan suddenly had to be revised during the Reagan years and what spurred President Clinton’s anti-nuclear proliferation success. Rear Adm. Oliver sketches the problems a leader will routinely (and not-so routinely) face. He invites the reader to consider the attributes which will help best prepare them for future challenges. These thirty case studies demonstrate that few real leadership problems will yield to a “one-hammer” solution. No matter how good a practitioner may become with one leadership style, one knock-them-dead ability seldom serves to get a leader all the way through their problem or conflict. Adm. Oliver thus provides a range of tools for different personalities and situations. The potential leader thus has a range of solutions to fit the problem as well as an individual’s personal comfort zone.

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199

Publisher

Naval Institute Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

1682477363

ISBN 13

9781682477366

Deterrence and Crime Prevention

Reconsidering the Prospect of Sanction

By: David M. Kennedy

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Deterrence and Crime Prevention

Reconsidering the Prospect of Sanction

By: David M. Kennedy

Deterrence is at the heart of the preventive aspiration of criminal justice. Deterrence, whether through preventive patrol by police officers or stiff prison sentences for violent offenders, is the principal mechanism through which the central feature of criminal justice, the exercise of state authority, works – it is hoped -- to diminish offending and enhance public safety. And however well we think deterrence works, it clearly often does not work nearly as well as we would like – and often at very great cost. Drawing on a wide range of scholarly literatures and real-world experience, Kennedy argues that we should reframe the ways in which we think about and produce deterrence. He argues that many of the ways in which we seek to deter crime in fact facilitate offending; that simple steps such as providing clear information to offenders could transform deterrence; that communities may be far more effective than legal authorities in deterring crime; that apparently minor sanctions can deter more effectively than draconian ones; that groups, rather than individual offenders, should often be the focus of deterrence; that existing legal tools can be used in unusual but greatly more effective ways; that even serious offenders can be reached through deliberate moral engagement; and that authorities, communities, and offenders – no matter how divided – share and can occupy hidden common ground. The result is a sophisticated but ultimately common-sense and profoundly hopeful case that we can and should use new deterrence strategies to address some of our most important crime problems. Drawing on and expanding on the lessons of groundbreaking real-world work like Boston’s Operation Ceasefire – credited with the "Boston Miracle" of the 1990s – "Deterrence and Crime Prevention" is required reading for scholars, law enforcement practitioners, and all with an interest in public safety and the health of communities.

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242

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Routledge

Published Date

ISBN 10

1135976309

ISBN 13

9781135976309

Capital Punishment in Independent Ireland

A Social, Legal and Political History

By: David M. Doyle,Liam O'Callaghan

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Capital Punishment in Independent Ireland

A Social, Legal and Political History

By: David M. Doyle,Liam O'Callaghan

This is a comprehensive and nuanced historical survey of the death penalty in Ireland from the immediate post-civil war period through to its complete abolition. Using original archival material, this book sheds light on the various social, legal and political contexts in which the death penalty operated and was discussed. In Ireland the death penalty served a dual function: as an instrument of punishment in the civilian criminal justice system, and as a weapon to combat periodic threats to the security of the state posed by the Irish Republican Army (IRA). Through close examination of cases dealt with in the ordinary criminal courts, this study elucidates ideas of class, gender, community and sanity and explores their impact on the administration of justice. The application of the death penalty also had a strong political dimension, most evident in the enactment of emergency legislation and the setting up of military courts specifically aimed at the IRA. As the book demonstrates, the civilian and the political strands converged in the story of the abolition of the death penalty in Ireland. Long after decision-makers accepted that the death penalty was no longer an acceptable punishment for 'ordinary' cases of murder, lingering anxieties about the threat of subversives dictated the pace of abolition and the scope of the relevant legislation.

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306

Published Date

ISBN 10

1789620279

ISBN 13

9781789620276

Religion and Community in the New Urban America

By: Paul David Numrich,Elfriede Wedam

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Religion and Community in the New Urban America

By: Paul David Numrich,Elfriede Wedam

This study examines the interrelated transformations of cities and urban congregations over the past several decades. How does the new metropolis affect local religious communities? What is the role of local religious communities in creating the new metropolis? Through an in-depth study of fifteen Chicago congregations - Catholic parishes, Protestant churches, Jewish synagogues, Muslim mosques, and a Hindu temple, city and suburban, neighbourhood-based and commuter - this book describes congregational life and measures congregational influences on urban environments.

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369

Publisher

Oxford University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0199386846

ISBN 13

9780199386840

Suicide

Closing the Exits

By: Ronald V. Clarke,David Lester

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Suicide

Closing the Exits

By: Ronald V. Clarke,David Lester

Suicide prevention is a major goal of the Public Health Service of the US government. This has been the case since the 1960s when the National Institute of Mental Health established a center for the study and prevention of suicide. Since then, however, the knowledge and research gathered has not bought about the reduction of suicide. Suicide: Closing the Exits was written to change this trend. This book reports a program of research concerned with preventing suicide by restricting access to lethal agents, such as guns, drugs, and carbon monoxide. It may seem implausible that deeply unhappy people could be prevented from killing themselves by "closing the exits," but the idea is not a new one and has been discussed widely in the literature. The authors argue that restricting access to lethal agents should be considered a major preventive strategy, along with the psychiatric treatment of depressed and suicidal individuals and the establishment of suicide prevention centers to counsel those in crisis. Suicide represents a major contribution to the literature. As such, it should be read by all medical practitioners, policy makers, and psychologists.

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152

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Transaction Publishers

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ISBN 10

1412851114

ISBN 13

9781412851114

Exports of Nordic Used Textiles

Fate, benefits and impacts

By: Watson, David ,Palm, David,Brix, Louise,Amstrup, Maria,Syversen, Frode ,Nielsen, Rasmus

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Exports of Nordic Used Textiles

Fate, benefits and impacts

By: Watson, David ,Palm, David,Brix, Louise,Amstrup, Maria,Syversen, Frode ,Nielsen, Rasmus

The Nordic Council of Ministers’ Green Growth Initiative highlighted the need for comprehensive collection, reuse and recycling of used textiles as part of a circular economy. Over 100 000 tonnes of used textiles are already collected each year in Nordic countries. This is for the most part carried out by charities to fund their charitable activities. Around three quarters of these textiles are sold on global markets. Does the export of used textiles support the circular economy through reuse and recycling, or are we simply exporting waste to countries that don’t have the facilities to deal with it? And does the export have a negative effect on textile industries in receiving countries? This report answers these questions by tracking flows of exports to their final destinations, and by estimating the socio-economic and environmental impacts arising from their subsequent treatment.

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167

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Nordic Council of Ministers

Published Date

ISBN 10

9289347694

ISBN 13

9789289347693

Key Issues in Criminal Career Research

New Analyses of the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development

By: Alex R. Piquero,David P. Farrington,Alfred Blumstein

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Key Issues in Criminal Career Research

New Analyses of the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development

By: Alex R. Piquero,David P. Farrington,Alfred Blumstein

This book examines several contentious and under-studied criminal career issues using one of the world's most important longitudinal studies, the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development (CSDD), a longitudinal study of 411 South London boys followed in criminal records to age 40. The analysis reported in the book explores issues related to prevalence, offending frequency, specialization, onset sequences, co-offending, chronicity, career length, and trajectory estimation. The results of the study are considered in the context of developmental/life-course theories, and the authors outline an agenda for criminal career research generally, and within the context of the CSDD specifically.

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218

Publisher

Cambridge University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

1139459929

ISBN 13

9781139459921

Peculiar Institution

America's Death Penalty in an Age of Abolition

By: David Garland

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Peculiar Institution

America's Death Penalty in an Age of Abolition

By: David Garland

The U.S. death penalty is a peculiar institution, and a uniquely American one. Despite its comprehensive abolition elsewhere in the Western world, capital punishment continues in dozens of American states– a fact that is frequently discussed but rarely understood. The same puzzlement surrounds the peculiar form that American capital punishment now takes, with its uneven application, its seemingly endless delays, and the uncertainty of its ever being carried out in individual cases, none of which seem conducive to effective crime control or criminal justice. In a brilliantly provocative study, David Garland explains this tenacity and shows how death penalty practice has come to bear the distinctive hallmarks of America’s political institutions and cultural conflicts. America’s radical federalism and local democracy, as well as its legacy of violence and racism, account for our divergence from the rest of the West. Whereas the elites of other nations were able to impose nationwide abolition from above despite public objections, American elites are unable– and unwilling– to end a punishment that has the support of local majorities and a storied place in popular culture. In the course of hundreds of decisions, federal courts sought to rationalize and civilize an institution that too often resembled a lynching, producing layers of legal process but also delays and reversals. Yet the Supreme Court insists that the issue is to be decided by local political actors and public opinion. So the death penalty continues to respond to popular will, enhancing the power of criminal justice professionals, providing drama for the media, and bringing pleasure to a public audience who consumes its chilling tales. Garland brings a new clarity to our understanding of this peculiar institution– and a new challenge to supporters and opponents alike.

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428

Publisher

Harvard University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0674058488

ISBN 13

9780674058484

The Japanese Way of Justice

Prosecuting Crime in Japan

By: David Ted Johnson

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The Japanese Way of Justice

Prosecuting Crime in Japan

By: David Ted Johnson

The major achievements of Japanese criminal justice are thus inextricably intertwined with its most notable defects, and efforts to fix the defects threaten to undermine the accomplishments."--BOOK JACKET.

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Page Count

340

Publisher

Oxford University Press, USA

Published Date

ISBN 10

019511986X

ISBN 13

9780195119862

Encyclopedia of Law and Society

American and Global Perspectives

By: David S. Clark

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Encyclopedia of Law and Society

American and Global Perspectives

By: David S. Clark

This work will be very valuable for academic and public libraries supporting prelaw, law, social, and cultural studies. Summing Up: Highly recommended. Upper-level undergraduates through professionals/practitioners; general readers." —CHOICE There are two aspects of scholarship about the legal systems of our day that are especially salient—one being for the first time there is a fair amount of genuine research on legal systems, and two, that this research is increasingly global. As soon as you cross a jurisdictional line, even if it separates countries that are very similar, you enter a different legal system. It cannot be assumed that any particular rule, doctrine, or practice is the same in any two jurisdictions, regardless of how close these jurisdictions are, in terms of history and tradition. The Encyclopedia of Law and Society is the largest comprehensive and international treatment of the law and society field. With an Advisory Board of 62 members from 20 countries and six continents, the three volumes of this state-of-the-art resource represent interdisciplinary perspectives on law from sociology, criminology, cultural anthropology, political science, social psychology, and economics. By globalizing the Encyclopedia′s coverage, American and international law and society will be better understood within its historical and comparative context. Key Features: Includes more than 700 biographical entries that are historical, comparative, topical, thematic, and methodological Presents the rich diversity of European, Latin American, Asian, African, and Australasian developments for the first time in one place to reveal the truly holistic, interdisciplinary virtues of law and society Examines how and why legal systems grow and change, how and why they respond (or fail to respond) to their environment, how and why they impact the life of society, and how and why the life of society impacts in turn these legal systems With borders more porous than ever before, this Encyclopedia reflects the paradoxical reality of modern life, including legal life. This valuable resource aims to present research, along with the theories on which it is grounded, fairly and comprehensively and is a must-have for all academic libraries.

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Page Count

1809

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Published Date

ISBN 10

1452265542

ISBN 13

9781452265544

Delinquency, Development, and Social Policy

By: David E. Brandt

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Delinquency, Development, and Social Policy

By: David E. Brandt

In this book, David E. Brandt examines the legal, psychological, and cultural issues relevant to understanding antisocial behavior in adolescence. Based on his own research and a broad analysis of recent work in the field, Brandt identifies the factors that are common in cases of delinquency. The discussion considers the long-term effects of social issues such as poverty as well as psychological issues such as the high levels of stress and anxiety suffered during childhood by many delinquents. He shows how a failure to meet the developmental needs of children—at both the family level and at a broader social and political level—is at the core of the problem of juvenile delinquency. Brandt concludes with an inquiry into how best to prevent delinquency. Programs that address the developmental needs of children, Brandt argues, are more effective than policing, juvenile courts, or incarceration.

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184

Publisher

Yale University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0300127774

ISBN 13

9780300127775

Evaluating Juvenile Transfer and Disposition

Law, Science, and Practice

By: Kirk Heilbrun,David DeMatteo,Christopher King,Sarah Filone

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Evaluating Juvenile Transfer and Disposition

Law, Science, and Practice

By: Kirk Heilbrun,David DeMatteo,Christopher King,Sarah Filone

Focusing on juvenile transfer and disposition evaluations, this volume provides an up-to-date integration of current law, science, and practice with respect to juvenile risk assessment, treatment needs/amenability, and sophistication-maturity. Included are perspectives relating to international practices, use of specialized assessment tools, and a separate chapter on resentencing following US Supreme Court decisions on juveniles sentenced to mandatory life without parole. This text will be a useful and comprehensive reference for forensic psychologists and other mental health professionals engaged in juvenile evaluation, as well as legal professionals, juvenile and criminal justice professionals, and others involved with juvenile assessment, decision-making, and rehabilitation.

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367

Publisher

Taylor & Francis

Published Date

ISBN 10

1317340132

ISBN 13

9781317340133

Comparative Criminal Justice

Making Sense of Difference

By: David Nelken

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Comparative Criminal Justice

Making Sense of Difference

By: David Nelken

The increasingly important topic of comparative criminal justice is examined from an original and insightful perspective by one of the top scholars in the field. Addressing the need for a globalized criminology, David Nelken looks at why we should study crime and criminal justice in a comparative and international context, and the difficulties we encounter when we do. Evaluating 'global' trends in crime, risk and security, the book draws upon the author’s experience of working in a number of settings around the world. A range of case studies are included to illustrate the discussion, covering areas such as white collar crime, juvenile delinquency, and organized crime.

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129

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SAGE Publications

Published Date

ISBN 10

1847879373

ISBN 13

9781847879370

Behavior, Health, and Environmental Stress

By: Sheldon Cohen,Gary W. Evans,Daniel Stokols,David S. Krantz

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Behavior, Health, and Environmental Stress

By: Sheldon Cohen,Gary W. Evans,Daniel Stokols,David S. Krantz

Eight years ago, four psychologists with varying backgrounds but a common in terest in the impact of environmental stress on behavior and health met to plan a study of the effects of aircraft noise on children. The impetus for the study was an article in the Los Angeles Times about architectural interventions that were planned for several noise-impacted schools under the air corridor of Los Angeles Interna tional Airport. These interventions created an opportunity to study the same chil dren during noise exposure and then later after the exposure had been attenuated. The study was designed to test the generality of several noise effects that had been well established in laboratory experimental studies. It focused on three areas: the relationship between noise and personal control, noise and attention, and noise and cardiovascular response. Two years later, a second study, designed to replicate and extend findings from the first, was conducted.

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288

Publisher

Springer Science & Business Media

Published Date

ISBN 10

1475793804

ISBN 13

9781475793802

Boys among Men

Trying and Sentencing Juveniles as Adults

By: David L. Myers

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Boys among Men

Trying and Sentencing Juveniles as Adults

By: David L. Myers

Images of youngsters in handcuffs and prison uniforms have become common on the nightly news in the United States. As America's fascination with crime and justice has grown, so has attention to the ways in which youthful offenders are charged, tried, and sentenced. While they may once have been viewed as misguided youth, more and more juveniles are being charged as adults and sentenced to adult prisons. Myers questions whether doing so is an effective deterrent for young offenders, if rehabilitation is out of the question, and if youth and society are better served by sending children away to adult prisons rather than juvenile detention facilities. These questions and others are addressed in this careful analysis of the history and evolution of transfer laws that are increasingly prevalent throughout the United States. The move toward charging juvenile delinquents as adult criminals initially coincided with an increase in violent crimes committed by youthful offenders. However, as such policies have grown and expanded, the methods by which youth are formally treated as adults in the criminal justice system have changed. Here, Myers examines the demographic, legal, criminal, and social characteristics of those youth who are waived to adult courts, assessing the nature, use, and effectiveness of punishment and rehabilitation efforts in modern juvenile and criminal justice systems. He concludes that as long as separate juvenile and adult justice systems are maintained, there will be a desire and perceived need for transferring some youth to adult court. However, he suggests that such transfers should be facilitated on a much more limited basis, while greater resources and funding for prevention and early intervention should be implemented to prevent youth from offending in the first place. This controversial topic receives a thorough accounting in this volume, which will open readers' eyes to the realities of juvenile delinquency and its treatment by the criminal justice system.

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208

Publisher

Bloomsbury Publishing USA

Published Date

ISBN 10

031301471X

ISBN 13

9780313014710

Understanding Deviance

A Guide to the Sociology of Crime and Rule-breaking

By: David M. Downes,Paul Elliott Rock

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Understanding Deviance

A Guide to the Sociology of Crime and Rule-breaking

By: David M. Downes,Paul Elliott Rock

Understanding Deviance' provides an indispensable guide to the major themes and theories which have come to form the sociology of crime and deviance, from their origins in the research of the University of Chicago sociology department in the 1920s to the most recent work in cultural criminology.

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423

Publisher

Oxford University Press, USA

Published Date

ISBN 10

0199569835

ISBN 13

9780199569830

Child Delinquents

Development, Intervention, and Service Needs

By: Rolf Loeber,David P. Farrington

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Child Delinquents

Development, Intervention, and Service Needs

By: Rolf Loeber,David P. Farrington

Between 1980 and 1996 the number of arrests has increased considerably for offenders ages 12 and under. This increase is a cost to society in two ways: the cost of the crime and the cost of multiple agencies involved with these children. Several questions have developed due to this increase: How does the juvenile justice system deal with child delinquents? Is child delinquency a predictor of serious, violent, and chronic offending? How early can we predict delinquency, and what are early warning signs? In an effort to develop answers for these questions and many more, editors Rolf Loeber and David Farrington organized a study group on Very Young offenders comprising 39 experts on juvenile delinquency and child problem behavior. Over a two-year period of intense and collaborative work these individuals have produced the book Child Delinquents: Development, Intervention, and Service Needs. Presenting empirically derived insights, Child Delinquents is the definitive statement to date on the working knowledge of prevalence, development, risk and protective factors, and optimal intervention with preteen offenders. This book is an excellent source for a broad audience of researchers, scholars, psychiatry, and practitioners at the administrative level.

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532

Publisher

SAGE

Published Date

ISBN 10

0761924000

ISBN 13

9780761924005

Handbook of Crime Correlates

By: Lee Ellis,David P. Farrington,Anthony W. Hoskin

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Handbook of Crime Correlates

By: Lee Ellis,David P. Farrington,Anthony W. Hoskin

The Handbook of Crime Correlates, Second Edition summarizes more than a century of worldwide research on traits and social conditions associated with criminality and antisocial behavior. Findings are provided in tabular form, enabling readers to determine at a glance the nature of each association. Within each table, results are listed by country, type of crime (or other forms of antisocial behavior), and whether each variable is positively, negatively, or insignificantly associated with offending behavior. Criminal behavior is broken down according to major categories, including violent crime, property crime, drug offenses, sex offenses, delinquency, and recidivism. This book provides a resource for practitioners and academics who are interested in criminal and antisocial behavior. It is relevant to the fields of criminology/criminal justice, sociology, and psychology. No other publication provides as much information about how a wide range of variables—e.g., gender, religion, personality traits, weapons access, alcohol and drug use, social status, geography, and seasonality—correlate with offending behavior. - Includes 600+ tables regarding variables related to criminal behavior - Consolidates 100+ years of academic research on criminal behavior - Findings are identified by country and world regions for easy comparison - Lists criminal-related behaviors according to major categories - Identifies universal crime correlates

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732

Publisher

Academic Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0128044772

ISBN 13

9780128044773

Book's by David Zimring

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