David Schmidtz's Books

Living Together

Inventing Moral Science

By: David Schmidtz

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Living Together

Inventing Moral Science

By: David Schmidtz

Is moral philosophy more foundational than political theory? It is often assumed to be. David Schmidtz argues that the reverse is true: the question of how to live in a community is more fundamental than questions about how to live. This book questions whether we are getting to the foundations of human morality when we ignore contingent features of communities in which political animals live. Schmidtz disputes the idea that reflection on how to live needs to begin with timeless axioms. Rather, theorizing about how to live together should take its cue from contemporary moral philosophy's attempts to go beyond formal theory, and ask which principles have a history of demonstrably being organizing principles of actual thriving communities at their best. Ideals emerging from such research should be a distillation of social scientific insight from observable histories of successful community building. What emerges from ongoing testing in the crucible of life experience will be path-dependent in detail even if not in general outline, partly because any way of life is a response to challenges that are themselves contingent, path dependent, and in flux. Building on this view, Schmidtz argues that justice evolved as a device for grounding peace in the mutual recognition that everyone has their own life to live, and everyone has the right and the responsibility to decide for themselves what to want. Justice, he says, evolved as a device for conveying our mutual intention not to be in each other's way, and beyond that, our mutual intention to build places for ourselves as contributors to a community. Any understanding of justice should thus rely not on untestable intuitions but should instead be grounded in observable fact.

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297

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Oxford University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0197658504

ISBN 13

9780197658505

Person, Polis, Planet

Essays in Applied Philosophy

By: David Schmidtz

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Person, Polis, Planet

Essays in Applied Philosophy

By: David Schmidtz

This volume collects thirteen of David Schmidtz's essays on the question of what it takes to live a good life, given that we live in a social and natural world. Part One defends a non-maximizing conception of rational choice, explains how even ultimate goals can be rationally chosen, defends the rationality of concern and regard for others (even to the point of being willing to die for a cause), and explains why decision theory is necessarily incomplete as a tool for addressing such issues. Part Two uses the tools of analytic philosophy to explain what we can do to be deserving ,what is wrong with the idea that we ought to do as much good as we can, why mutual aid is good, but why the welfare state does not work as a way of institutionalizing mutual aid, and why transferring wealth from those who need it less to those who need it more can be a bad idea even from a utilitarian perspective. Most ambitiously, Part Two offers an overarching, pluralistic moral theory that defines the nature and limits of our obligations to each other and to our individual selves. Part Three discusses the history and economic logic of alternative property institutions, both private and communal, and explains why economic logic is an indispensable tool in the field of environmental conflict resolution. In the final essay, Schmidtz brings the volume full circle by considering the nature and limits of our obligations to nonhuman species, and how the status of nonhuman species ought to enter into our deliberations about what sort of life is worth living.

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272

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Oxford University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0190454296

ISBN 13

9780190454296

The Elements of Justice

By: David Schmidtz

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The Elements of Justice

By: David Schmidtz

What is justice? Questions of justice are questions about what people are due. However, what that means in practice depends on the context in which the question is raised. Depending on context, the formal question of what people are due is answered by principles of desert, reciprocity, equality, or need. Justice, therefore, is a constellation of elements that exhibit a degree of integration and unity. Nonetheless, the integrity of justice is limited, in a way that is akin to the integrity of a neighborhood rather than that of a building. A theory of justice offers individuals a map of that neighborhood, within which they can explore just what elements amount to justice.

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229

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Cambridge University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

1139452037

ISBN 13

9781139452038

A Brief History of Liberty

By: David Schmidtz,Jason Brennan

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A Brief History of Liberty

By: David Schmidtz,Jason Brennan

Through a fusion of philosophical, social scientific, and historical methods, A Brief History of Liberty provides a comprehensive, philosophically-informed portrait of the elusive nature of one of our most cherished ideals. Offers a succinct yet thorough survey of personal freedom Explores the true meaning of liberty, drawing philosophical lessons about liberty from history Considers the writings of key historical figures from Socrates and Erasmus to Hobbes, Locke, Marx, and Adam Smith Combines philosophical rigor with social scientific analysis Argues that liberty refers to a range of related but specific ideas rather than limiting the concept to one definition

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230

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John Wiley & Sons

Published Date

ISBN 10

1444358790

ISBN 13

9781444358797

Living Together

Inventing Moral Science

By: David Schmidtz

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Living Together

Inventing Moral Science

By: David Schmidtz

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297

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Oxford University Press

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ISBN 10

0197658504

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9780197658505

Commercial Society

A Primer on Ethics and Economics

By: Cathleen Johnson,Robert Lusch,David Schmidtz

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Commercial Society

A Primer on Ethics and Economics

By: Cathleen Johnson,Robert Lusch,David Schmidtz

One of the greatest and most joyful challenges of adult life is to develop skills that make the people around us better off with us than without us. Integrity is a key part of that challenge. We are social animals, aiming not simply to trade but to make a place for ourselves in a community. You don’t want to have to pretend that you feel proud of fooling your customers into believing you could be trusted. The ethical question is: how do people have to live in order to make the world a better place with them than without them? The economic question is: what kind of society makes people willing and able to use their talents in a way that is good for them and for the people around them? The entrepreneurial question is: what does it take to show up in the marketplace with something that can take your community to a different level? In this book, the authors discuss the connections between the ethical, economic, and entrepreneurial dimensions of a life well-lived.

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355

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Rowman & Littlefield

Published Date

ISBN 10

1786613573

ISBN 13

9781786613578

Social Welfare and Individual Responsibility

By: David Schmidtz,Robert E. Goodin

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Social Welfare and Individual Responsibility

By: David Schmidtz,Robert E. Goodin

Schmidtz and Goodin debate the ethical merits of individual versus collective responsibility for welfare.

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244

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Cambridge University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0521564611

ISBN 13

9780521564618

Rational Choice and Moral Agency

By: David Schmidtz

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Rational Choice and Moral Agency

By: David Schmidtz

Is it rational to be moral? How do rationality and morality fit together with being human? These questions are at the heart of David Schmidtz's exploration of the connections between rationality and morality. This inquiry leads into both metaethics and rational choice theory, as Schmidtz develops conceptions of what it is to be moral and what it is to be rational. He defends a fairly expansive conception of rational choice, considering how ends as well as means can be rationally chosen and explaining the role of self-imposed constraints in a rational life plan. His moral theory is dualistic, ranging over social structure as well as personal conduct and building both individual and collective rationality into its rules of recognition for morals. To the "why be moral" question, Schmidtz responds that being moral is rational, but he does not assume we have reasons to be rational. Instead, Schmidtz argues that being moral is rational in a particular way and that beings like us in situations like ours have reasons to be rational in just that way. This approach allows him to identify decisive reasons to be moral; at the same time, it explains why immorality is as prevalent as it is. This book thus offers a set of interesting and realistic conclusions about how morality fits into the lives of humanly rational agents operating in an institutional context like our own.

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283

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ISBN 10

0691029180

ISBN 13

9780691029184

Life, Death, and Meaning

Key Philosophical Readings on the Big Questions

By: David Benatar

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Life, Death, and Meaning

Key Philosophical Readings on the Big Questions

By: David Benatar

Do our lives have meaning? Should we create more people? Is death bad? Should we commit suicide? Would it be better to be immortal? Should we be optimistic or pessimistic? Since Life, Death, and Meaning: Key Philosophical Readings on the Big Questions first appeared, David Benatar's distinctive anthology designed to introduce students to the key existential questions of philosophy has won a devoted following among users in a variety of upper-level and even introductory courses. While many philosophers in the 'continental tradition'_those known as 'existentialists'_have engaged these issues at length and often with great popular appeal, English-speaking philosophers have had relatively little to say on these important questions. Yet, the methodology they bring to philosophical questions can, and occasionally has, been applied usefully to 'existential' questions. This volume draws together a representative sample of primarily English-speaking philosophers' reflections on life's big questions, divided into six sections, covering (1) the meaning of life, (2) creating people, (3) death, (4) suicide, (5) immortality, and (6) optimism and pessimism. These key readings are supplemented with helpful introductions, study questions, and suggestions for further reading, making the material accessible and interesting for students. In short, the book provides a singular introduction to the way that philosophy has dealt with the big questions of life that we are all tempted to ask.

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461

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Rowman & Littlefield Publishers

Published Date

ISBN 10

1442201711

ISBN 13

9781442201712

Peace and Conflict Studies

By: David P. Barash,Charles P. Webel

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Peace and Conflict Studies

By: David P. Barash,Charles P. Webel

Peace and Conflict Studies introduces learners to this critical topic via a comprehensive exploration and analysis of 21st-century world events. The text examines current conflicts, explores the important aspects of positive peace, individual violence, nationalism, and terrorism.

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785

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SAGE Publications

Published Date

ISBN 10

1544369085

ISBN 13

9781544369082

The Soul of Nietzsche's Beyond Good and Evil

By: Maudemarie Clark,David Dudrick

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The Soul of Nietzsche's Beyond Good and Evil

By: Maudemarie Clark,David Dudrick

This book presents a provocative new interpretation of Beyond Good and Evil, arguably Nietzsche's most important work. The problem is that it appears to express merely a loosely connected set of often questionable opinions. Can Nietzsche really be an important philosopher if this is his most important book? Maudemarie Clark and David Dudrick address this question with a close reading that emphasizes how Nietzsche writes. They argue that the first part of Beyond Good and Evil presents coherent and interconnected arguments for subtle and well-thought-out positions on traditional issues. Nietzsche's infamous doctrine of the will to power turns out to be a compelling account of the structure and origin of the human soul. And although he rejects some aspects of traditional philosophy, Nietzsche's aim is to show how philosophy's traditional aspirations to seek both the true and the good can be fulfilled. Beyond Good and Evil turns out to be a major work of philosophy and Nietzsche's masterpiece.

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295

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Cambridge University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

1139536109

ISBN 13

9781139536103

Morality in a Natural World

Selected Essays in Metaethics

By: David Copp

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Morality in a Natural World

Selected Essays in Metaethics

By: David Copp

The central philosophical challenge of metaethics is to account for the normativity of moral judgment without abandoning or seriously compromising moral realism. In Morality in a Natural World, David Copp defends a version of naturalistic moral realism that can accommodate the normativity of morality. Moral naturalism is often thought to face special metaphysical, epistemological, and semantic problems as well as the difficulty in accounting for normativity. In the ten essays included in this volume, Copp defends solutions to these problems. Three of the essays are new, while seven have previously been published. All of them are concerned with the viability of naturalistic and realistic accounts of the nature of morality, or, more generally, with the viability of naturalistic accounts of reasons.

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325

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Cambridge University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

1139466135

ISBN 13

9781139466134

Texas Furniture, Volume Two

The Cabinetmakers and Their Work, 1840–1880

By: Lonn Taylor,David B. Warren

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Texas Furniture, Volume Two

The Cabinetmakers and Their Work, 1840–1880

By: Lonn Taylor,David B. Warren

More examples of Texas' rich heritage of locally made nineteenth-century furniture and information on the craftsmen who produced it"--

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351

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University of Texas Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0292739427

ISBN 13

9780292739420

A Life of One's Own

Individual Rights and the Welfare State

By: David Kelley

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A Life of One's Own

Individual Rights and the Welfare State

By: David Kelley

The welfare state rests on the assumption that people have rights to food, shelter, health care, retirement income, and other goods provided by the government. David Kelley examines the historical origins of that assumption, and the rationale used to support it today.

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202

Publisher

Cato Institute

Published Date

ISBN 10

1882577701

ISBN 13

9781882577705

Community Practice

Theories and Skills for Social Workers

By: David A. Hardcastle,Patricia R. Powers,Stanley Wenocur

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Community Practice

Theories and Skills for Social Workers

By: David A. Hardcastle,Patricia R. Powers,Stanley Wenocur

This fully revised classic text provides a comprehensive and integrated overview of the community theory and skills fundamental to all areas of social work practice.

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454

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OUP USA

Published Date

ISBN 10

0195398874

ISBN 13

9780195398878

A Brief History of Justice

By: David Johnston

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A Brief History of Justice

By: David Johnston

A Brief History of Justice traces the development of the idea of justice from the ancient world until the present day, with special attention to the emergence of the modern idea of social justice. An accessible introduction to the history of ideas about justice Shows how complex ideas are anchored in ordinary intuitions about justice Traces the emergence of the idea of social justice Identifies connections as well as differences between distributive and corrective justice Offers accessible, concise introductions to the thought of several leading figures and schools of thought in the history of philosophy

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229

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John Wiley & Sons

Published Date

ISBN 10

1444397540

ISBN 13

9781444397543

Commutative Justice

A Liberal Theory of Just Exchange

By: Carl David Mildenberger

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Commutative Justice

A Liberal Theory of Just Exchange

By: Carl David Mildenberger

This book develops a liberal theory of justice in exchange. It identifies the conditions that market exchanges need to fulfill to be just. It also addresses head-on a consequentialist challenge to existing theories of exchange, namely that, in light of new harms faced at the global level, we need to consider the combined consequences of millions of market exchanges to reach a final judgment about whether some individual exchange is just. The author argues that, even if we accept this challenge, the effect of it is minimal. For different reasons, normatively problematic collective market outcomes like externalities, monopolies, violations of the Lockean proviso, inequality, and commodification do not pose particular problems to the justice of market exchanges. He outlines the various conditions a market exchange needs to fulfill to be considered just from a liberal background and in light of the new harms. Ultimately, he shows, it is not the market which is to blame; if we want to tackle issues like global warming or global economic injustice, we should not blindly follow the intuition that we best restrain and regulate markets. Commutative Justice is unique in its focus on justice in exchange rather than on end-state distributive justice, and the way in which it addresses the new harms we are facing today. It will be of interest to researchers and advanced students in philosophy, politics, and economics who are working on questions of economic justice.

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281

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Routledge

Published Date

ISBN 10

1000046737

ISBN 13

9781000046731

Why We Fight

The Origins, Nature, and Management of Human Conflict

By: David Churchman

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Why We Fight

The Origins, Nature, and Management of Human Conflict

By: David Churchman

This book draws on twenty-four academic disciplines to provide a critical analysis of some 100 theories that explain the origins, nature, and management of human conflict. The book treats intellectual, individual, moral, interpersonal, organizational, community, political, and international conflicts. It suggests six criteria for distinguishing good from bad theory and discusses how existing theories may be used and improved.

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335

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University Press of America

Published Date

ISBN 10

0761861386

ISBN 13

9780761861386

Hume's Reason

By: David Owen

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Hume's Reason

By: David Owen

David Owen explores Hume's account of reason and its role in human understanding, seen in the context of other notable accounts by philosophers of the early modern period. Many of the most famous problems that Hume discusses, and many of the positions that he advocates, are expressed in terms of reason. It is central to his arguments about induction, belief, scepticism, the passions, and moral distinctions; to understand Hume's influential views on these matters, we must understand what his view of reason is. The book begins with chapters on the theories of reasoning put forward by Hume's notable predecessors Descartes and Locke. Owen shows that Hume followed them in rejecting a formal, deductive account of inference, in favour of a new naturalistic account. But he went farther, in what we now call the argument concerning induction, by showing that no account of reason as a separate faculty could explain our inferences to beliefs in the unobserved. Hume offers instead an associationist account of probable reasoning and a new theory of belief. The picture of reason as an independent faculty is replaced with an explanation of reasoning in terms of properties of the imagination. Hume's Reason offers a new interpretation of some of Hume's central ideas, and a treatment of reason which will be illuminating not just to historians of modern philosophy but to all philosophers who are concerned with the workings of human cognition.

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324

Publisher

OUP Oxford

Published Date

ISBN 10

0191519391

ISBN 13

9780191519390

Political Philosophy: A Very Short Introduction

By: David Miller

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Political Philosophy: A Very Short Introduction

By: David Miller

Accessibly written, this short introduction encourages readers to think clearly and critically about key political concepts such as authority, democracy, justice, and nationality, among others. Miller looks at political authority, discusses the reasons society needs politics in the first place, explores the limitations of politics, and asks if there are areas of life that shouldn't be governed by politics. Moreover, he explores the connections between political authority and justice, a constant theme in political philosophy, and he outlines the ways in which social justice can be used to regulate rather than destroy a market economy.

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160

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Oxford University Press, USA

Published Date

ISBN 10

0192803956

ISBN 13

9780192803955

The U.S. Organ Procurement System

A Prescription for Reform

By: David L. Kaserman,Andy Hubbard Barnett

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The U.S. Organ Procurement System

A Prescription for Reform

By: David L. Kaserman,Andy Hubbard Barnett

The proposed system would also save thousands of lives at relatively low costs to both the transplant recipients and insurance companies."--BOOK JACKET.

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204

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American Enterprise Institute

Published Date

ISBN 10

084474171X

ISBN 13

9780844741710

Texas Furniture, Volume One

The Cabinetmakers and Their Work, 1840-1880, Revised edition

By: Lonn Taylor,David B. Warren

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Texas Furniture, Volume One

The Cabinetmakers and Their Work, 1840-1880, Revised edition

By: Lonn Taylor,David B. Warren

The art of furniture making flourished in Texas during the mid-nineteenth century. To document this rich heritage of locally made furniture, Miss Ima Hogg, the well-known philanthropist and collector of American decorative arts, enlisted Lonn Taylor and David B. Warren to research early Texas Furniture and its makers. They spent more than a decade working with museums and private collectors throughout the state to examine and photograph representative examples. They also combed census records, newspapers, and archives for information about cabinetmakers. These efforts resulted in the 1975 publication of Texas Furniture, which quickly became the authoritative reference on this subject. Now updated with an expanded Index of Texas Cabinetmakers that includes information that has come to light since the original publication and corrects errors, Texas Furniture presents a catalog of more than two hundred pieces of furniture, each superbly photographed and accompanied by detailed descriptions of the piece’s maker, date, materials, measurements, history, and owner, as well as an analysis by the authors. The book also includes chapters on the material culture of nineteenth-century Texas and on the tools and techniques of nineteenth-century Texas cabinetmakers, with a special emphasis on the German immigrant cabinetmakers of the Hill Country and Central Texas. The index of Texas cabinetmakers contains biographical information on approximately nine hundred men who made furniture in Texas, and appendices list information on the state’s largest cabinet shops taken from the United States census records.

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393

Publisher

University of Texas Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0292742126

ISBN 13

9780292742123

From Valuing to Value

A Defense of Subjectivism

By: David Sobel

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From Valuing to Value

A Defense of Subjectivism

By: David Sobel

Subjective accounts of well-being and reasons for action have a remarkable pedigree. The idea that normativity flows from what an agent cares about-that something is valuable because it is valued-has appealed to a wide range of great thinkers. But at the same time this idea has seemed to many of the best minds in ethics to be outrageous or worse, not least because it seems to threaten the status of morality. Mutual incomprehension looms over the discussion. From Valuing to Value, written by an influential former critic of subjectivism, owns up to the problematic features to which critics have pointed while arguing that such criticisms can be blunted and the overall view rendered defensible. In this collection of his essays David Sobel does not shrink from acknowledging the real tension between subjective views of reasons and morality, yet argues that such a tension does not undermine subjectivism. In this volume the fundamental commitments of subjectivism are clarified and revealed to be rather plausible and well-motivated, while the most influential criticisms of subjectivism are straightforwardly addressed and found wanting.

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471

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Oxford University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0192507532

ISBN 13

9780192507532

Secession, State, and Liberty

By: David Stove

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Secession, State, and Liberty

By: David Stove

The political impulse to secede - to attempt to separate from central government control - is a conspicuous feature of the post-cold war world. It is alive and growing in Canada, Russia, China, Italy, Belgium, Britain, and even the United States Yet secession remains one of the least studied and least understood of all historical and political phenomena. The contributors to this volume have filled this gap with wide-ranging investigations - rooted in history, political philosophy, ethics, and economic theory - of secessionist movements in the United States, Canada, and Europe.

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361

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Routledge

Published Date

ISBN 10

1351491717

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9781351491716

Utopophobia

On the Limits (If Any) of Political Philosophy

By: David Estlund

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Utopophobia

On the Limits (If Any) of Political Philosophy

By: David Estlund

A leading political theorist’s groundbreaking defense of ideal conceptions of justice in political philosophy Throughout the history of political philosophy and politics, there has been continual debate about the roles of idealism versus realism. For contemporary political philosophy, this debate manifests in notions of ideal theory versus nonideal theory. Nonideal thinkers shift their focus from theorizing about full social justice, asking instead which feasible institutional and political changes would make a society more just. Ideal thinkers, on the other hand, question whether full justice is a standard that any society is likely ever to satisfy. And, if social justice is unrealistic, are attempts to understand it without value or importance, and merely utopian? Utopophobia argues against thinking that justice must be realistic, or that understanding justice is only valuable if it can be realized. David Estlund does not offer a particular theory of justice, nor does he assert that justice is indeed unrealizable—only that it could be, and this possibility upsets common ways of proceeding in political thought. Estlund engages critically with important strands in traditional and contemporary political philosophy that assume a sound theory of justice has the overriding, defining task of contributing practical guidance toward greater social justice. Along the way, he counters several tempting perspectives, including the view that inquiry in political philosophy could have significant value only as a guide to practical political action, and that understanding true justice would necessarily have practical value, at least as an ideal arrangement to be approximated. Demonstrating that unrealistic standards of justice can be both sound and valuable to understand, Utopophobia stands as a trenchant defense of ideal theory in political philosophy.

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398

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Princeton University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0691235171

ISBN 13

9780691235172

The Economic Anatomy of a Drug War

Criminal Justice in the Commons

By: David W. Rasmussen,Bruce L. Benson

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The Economic Anatomy of a Drug War

Criminal Justice in the Commons

By: David W. Rasmussen,Bruce L. Benson

A challenging study of where America went wrong in the war on drugs. Even those who disagree will have to take notice of this well-argued book.'-John DiIulio, Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University

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286

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Rowman & Littlefield

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ISBN 10

0847679101

ISBN 13

9780847679102

From Mutual Aid to the Welfare State

Fraternal Societies and Social Services, 1890-1967

By: David T. Beito

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From Mutual Aid to the Welfare State

Fraternal Societies and Social Services, 1890-1967

By: David T. Beito

During the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, more Americans belonged to fraternal societies than to any other kind of voluntary association, with the possible exception of churches. Despite the stereotypical image of the lodge as the exclusive domain of white men, fraternalism cut across race, class, and gender lines to include women, African Americans, and immigrants. Exploring the history and impact of fraternal societies in the United States, David Beito uncovers the vital importance they had in the social and fiscal lives of millions of American families. Much more than a means of addressing deep-seated cultural, psychological, and gender needs, fraternal societies gave Americans a way to provide themselves with social-welfare services that would otherwise have been inaccessible, Beito argues. In addition to creating vast social and mutual aid networks among the poor and in the working class, they made affordable life and health insurance available to their members and established hospitals, orphanages, and homes for the elderly. Fraternal societies continued their commitment to mutual aid even into the early years of the Great Depression, Beito says, but changing cultural attitudes and the expanding welfare state eventually propelled their decline.

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337

Publisher

Univ of North Carolina Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0807860557

ISBN 13

9780807860557

National Responsibility and Global Justice

By: David Miller

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National Responsibility and Global Justice

By: David Miller

Oxford Political Theory presents the best new work in contemporary political theory. It is intended to be broad in scope, including original contributions to political philosophy, and also work in applied political theory. The series will contain works of outstanding quality with no restriction as to approach or subject matter. Series Editors: Will Kymlicka, David Miller, and Alan Ryan. This book presents a non-cosmopolitan theory of global justice. In contrast to theories that seek to extend principles of social justice, such as equality of opportunity or resources, to the world as a whole, it argues that in a world made up of self-determining national communities, a different conception is needed. The book presents and defends an account of national responsibility which entails that nations may justifiably claim the benefits that their decisions and policies produce, while also being held liable for harms that they inflict on other peoples. Such collective responsibility extends to responsibility for the national past, so the present generation may owe redress to those who have been harmed by the actions of their predecessors. Global justice, therefore, must be understood not in terms of equality, but in terms of a minimum set of basic rights that belong to human beings everywhere. Where these rights are being violated or threatened, remedial responsibility may fall on outsiders. The book considers how this responsibility should be allocated, and how far citizens of democratic societies must limit their pursuit of domestic objectives in order to discharge their global obligations. The book presents a systematic challenge to existing theories of global justice without retreating to a narrow nationalism that denies that we have any responsibilities to the world's poor. It combines discussion of practical questions such as immigration and foreign aid with philosophical exploration of, for instance, the different senses of responsibility, and the grounds of human rights.

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320

Publisher

OUP Oxford

Published Date

ISBN 10

0191528579

ISBN 13

9780191528576

Tourism and Animal Ethics

By: David A. A. Fennell

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Tourism and Animal Ethics

By: David A. A. Fennell

This timely book provides a critical account of the role that animals play in the tourism industry, representing an extension of the sustainability imperative and environmental theory. Written by a leading academic and author, this volume explores the rich history of animal ethics research, both inside and outside of tourism studies, for the purpose of providing greater theoretical, empirical, conceptual, and practical guidance. It examines historical and current practices of the use of animals in the tourism industry from both in situ to ex situ consumption and production perspectives, identifying a range of ethical issues associated with such use. This second edition has been updated to reflect contemporary research and thinking around animal welfare, hunting, and consumption with new chapters on animals as food, and policy at the national and international levels. New case studies have been integrated throughout. Offering an interdisciplinary overview of the moral issues related to the use of animals in tourism through cutting-edge research, this book is essential reading for students, academics, and researchers interested in tourism ethics, sustainable tourism, and wildlife tourism.

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457

Publisher

Taylor & Francis

Published Date

ISBN 10

1003858309

ISBN 13

9781003858300

Introduction to Fire in California

Second Edition

By: David Carle

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Introduction to Fire in California

Second Edition

By: David Carle

What is fire? How are wildfires ignited? How do California's weather and topography influence fire? How did the California Indians use fire? David Carle focuses on this fundamental element of the natural world, giving a fascinating and concise view of this complex topic. This clearly written, dramatically illustrated book will help Californians, including the millions who live near naturally flammable wildlands, better understand their own place in the state's landscape. Carle covers the basics of fire ecology; looks at the effects of fire on wildlife, soil, water, and air; discusses fire-fighting organizations and land management agencies; explains current policies, and explores many other topics, including the extreme and deadly fire events of 2020 and evidence that climate change is changing the wildfire story in California"--

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245

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Univ of California Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0520379144

ISBN 13

9780520379145

Global Poverty, Injustice, and Resistance

By: Gwilym David Blunt

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Global Poverty, Injustice, and Resistance

By: Gwilym David Blunt

Argues that the poor have the right to resist causes of poverty, examining illegal immigration, social movements, and political violence.

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301

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Cambridge University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

1108480128

ISBN 13

9781108480123

The Ethics and Economics of Liberal Democracies

Foundations for PPE

By: Carl Cavanagh Hodge,Andrew David Irvine

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The Ethics and Economics of Liberal Democracies

Foundations for PPE

By: Carl Cavanagh Hodge,Andrew David Irvine

Rarely in the short history of liberal-democratic government has a primer on basic liberal-democratic values and institutions been more needed than now. Popular discontent, even anger, with democratic governments has grown steadily over the past twenty years. Not since the 1930s have citizens and their elected officials been so baffled about their respective roles in the maintenance of both democratic governments and liberal economies. This book attempts to address this growing need. Especially written as a primer for courses in Philosophy, Politics and Economics (PPE), it has introductory chapters on all three main disciplines. It also has chapters on the rule of law and on three important public-policy areas – Corruption, Climate and Civil Society. Individual topics discussed include free and fair elections, populism, responsible government, republican and Westminster systems of government, regulated free markets, the Great Recession of 2008, globalization, greenwashing, identity politics, academic freedom, utilitarianism, social contract theory, positive and negative liberty, and the good life. Historically informed, The Ethics and Economics of Liberal Democracies: Foundations for PPE is sure to be of interest to students who are interested in public-policy work, as well as those who are interested in both the theory and practice of democratic government. Key Features: Written especially for PPE (Philosophy, Politics and Economics) courses and students Focuses on the key values and institutions of modern democracies Includes chapters on both the theory and practice of democratic government and public-policy work Provides a comprehensive glossary of relevant terms from all three disciplines

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185

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Taylor & Francis

Published Date

ISBN 10

1040019021

ISBN 13

9781040019023

Mediation in the Reflection of Law and Society

European Perspectives

By: Lenka Holá,Miloš Večeřa,Martina Urbanová,Jan Holas,David Fiedor

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Mediation in the Reflection of Law and Society

European Perspectives

By: Lenka Holá,Miloš Večeřa,Martina Urbanová,Jan Holas,David Fiedor

Despite slow progress in use, mediation continues to consolidate its presence in dispute resolution. This important book argues that a more favourable socio-legal climate must be created for mediation to thrive, and accordingly analyses the legal, cultural, social, systemic and spatial aspects of the use of mediation in the legal practice of the different countries of the European Union (EU). Based on a spatiotemporal analysis and models of mediation in the EU, it pinpoints the social and cultural reasons for the fragmentation of its legal regulation and shows what paths are available to promote the effective implementation of mediation in social practice. It is the first book to capture the socio-legal context of mediation. A spatiotemporal analysis of the extent of use of mediation in a region as large and at the same time as diverse as the EU has never been carried out before. Using various methodological and conceptual approaches to analyse the legal and social aspects of introducing mediation to legal systems, the authors – all with long-term experience in the exercise and research of mediation directly in the field – provide invaluable insights into such facets of the use of mediation as the following: the social context that raises the need for mediation; obstacles to the wider use of mediation in resolving disputes between parties; the effects of social influences reflected in legislation that shape the laws of each country; the basic models that make up the system of access to mediation in specific EU Member States; the role of law as a tool for social change and its reflection in the legal regulation of mediation; and perspectives for further development of mediation in the EU. The legislative efforts proposed to enhance the regulation of mediation in EU countries are based on modern knowledge of law, sociology and psychology. As a unique combination of exploration of the theoretical determinants of mediation and an empirical study of the extent of its use in the European area, this book’s fundamental contribution to the legal theory and practice of mediation is inarguable. Its analysis of mediation from three perspectives – as a means of improving citizens’ access to justice, as a means of applying social justice in society, and as a means of restorative justice – are of the utmost value in today’s global society. For users of mediation, EU institutions involved in mediation, EU Member State authorities addressing the issue of mediation, and the wider dispute resolution community worldwide, the book will be welcomed for the giant steps it takes toward refining arguments for the promotion of mediation and its development, in theory, research and practice.

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325

Publisher

Kluwer Law International B.V.

Published Date

ISBN 10

9403542926

ISBN 13

9789403542928

A Humanistic Approach to Health Promotion

By: David R. Buchanan

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A Humanistic Approach to Health Promotion

By: David R. Buchanan

This book presents a distinct, ethically robust framework for improving population health when the major causes of disease, death and disability are closely associated with human behaviors. Rather than relying on a scientific, technological strategy aimed at developing ever more powerful and effective techniques for changing behaviors, a humanistic approach recognizes the unique human capacity for dignity and moral decision-making. As an essential alternative to the scientific assumption of determinism, a humanistic framework is based on the equally viable assumption that human beings have the capacity to exercise autonomy in pursuing their life plans. If people can choose how they want to live their lives, then it is imperative to respect and cultivate their autonomy in making health-promoting decisions. A scientific approach is unsurpassed at identifying effective means for stopping and killing bacteria; the same methods are not appropriate, however, when the objective is to alter human behavior. In a humanistic framework, it is important to acknowledge that autonomous choices are not completely unrestrained—the human condition has significant physical and social limitations—and that certain readily-identifiable social groups face much greater constraints than others, most significantly due to poverty and racism. As explained and justified in this book, the most important task for health promotion is to promote autonomy, and to do this by redressing the hugely disparate yet corrigible barriers faced by people occupying distinct social positions. This project is a matter of social justice—not a scientific and technological problem to be solved, but a moral and political endeavor to engage fellow citizens—in strengthening our social institutions to enable everyone to realize their innate capacities to the fullest extent possible. The book provides ethical standards, case studies and concrete practical analogies to demonstrate the feasibility and benefits of moving the field of health promotion in a new humanistic direction.

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317

Publisher

Cambridge Scholars Publishing

Published Date

ISBN 10

1527562808

ISBN 13

9781527562806

The Libertarian Mind

A Manifesto for Freedom

By: David Boaz

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The Libertarian Mind

A Manifesto for Freedom

By: David Boaz

A revised, updated, and retitled edition of David Boaz’s classic book Libertarianism: A Primer, which was praised as uniting “history, philosophy, economics and law—spiced with just the right anecdotes—to bring alive a vital tradition of American political thought that deserves to be honored today” (Richard A. Epstein, University of Chicago). Libertarianism—the philosophy of personal and economic freedom—has deep roots in Western civilization and in American history, and it’s growing stronger. Two long wars, chronic deficits, the financial crisis, the costly drug war, the campaigns of Ron Paul and Rand Paul, the growth of executive power under Presidents Bush and Obama, and the revelations about NSA abuses have pushed millions more Americans in a libertarian direction. Libertarianism: A Primer, by David Boaz, the longtime executive vice president of the Cato Institute, continues to be the best available guide to the history, ideas, and growth of this increasingly important political movement—and now it has been updated throughout and with a new title: The Libertarian Mind. Boaz has updated the book with new information on the threat of government surveillance; the policies that led up to and stemmed from the 2008 financial crisis; corruption in Washington; and the unsustainable welfare state. The Libertarian Mind is the ultimate resource for the current, burgeoning libertarian movement.

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432

Publisher

Simon and Schuster

Published Date

ISBN 10

1476752877

ISBN 13

9781476752877

Rethinking Meditation

Buddhist Meditative Practice in Ancient and Modern Worlds

By: David L. McMahan

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Rethinking Meditation

Buddhist Meditative Practice in Ancient and Modern Worlds

By: David L. McMahan

Rethinking Meditation provides a new theoretical and historical approach to Buddhist and Buddhist-derived meditative practices. It shows how, rather than coming down to us unchanged from the time of the Buddha, the standard articulation of mindfulness as bare, non-judgmental attention to the present moment is a distillation of particular strands of classical Buddhist thought that have combined with western ideas to create a unique practice tailored to modern forms of thought and ways of life. Part genealogical study and part philosophical argument, it inquires into some of the widespread assumptions about how meditation works and what it does, presenting a view of meditative practices as technologies of the self embedded in cultural forms of life. It shows that the relationship between meditative practices and cultural context is much more crucial than is suggested in typical contemporary articulations, which often emphasize transcendence of cultural conditioning and achieving "objective" internal access to the contents of consciousness. Meditation, McMahan argues, is always situated in social contexts and draws from repertoires of cultural categories, concepts, and values, sometimes accommodating them and sometimes resisting them. Rethinking Meditation also considers the scientific study of meditation and meditation in relation to modern articulations of secularism, freedom, authenticity, appreciation, and interdependence. It also examines the potential for meditation to enhance autonomy and addresses recent attempts to bring meditative practices to bear on social, political, and environmental issues"--

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265

Publisher

Oxford University Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0197661742

ISBN 13

9780197661741

Neo-Abolitionism

Abolishing Human Rentals in Favor of Workplace Democracy

By: David Ellerman

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Neo-Abolitionism

Abolishing Human Rentals in Favor of Workplace Democracy

By: David Ellerman

This book argues for the abolition of the employment system in favor of workplace democracy and thus escapes the usual capitalism-versus-socialism binary choice by reframing the basic issue as the employment contract, not private property or a market economy. The author repositions the political and economic debate in the lineage of abolitionism - against the owning of other people - which in its modern version of neo-abolitionism would also abolish the renting, or hiring, employing, or leasing of other people. The overall argument is based on three recovered theories, each one of which is sufficient to yield the neo-abolitionist conclusion. These three rights-based theories are developed throughout the book. The three theories are 1) inalienable rights theory, 2) the natural rights or labor theory of property, and 3) democratic theory as based on a democratic constitution that only delegates governance rights versus a non-democratic constitution that alienates governance rights. The book, therefore, is a must-read for everybody interested in a better understanding of the political economy, workplace democracy, rights-based theories, and the employment system.

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160

Publisher

Springer Nature

Published Date

ISBN 10

3030626768

ISBN 13

9783030626761

Responsibility from the Margins

By: David Shoemaker

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Responsibility from the Margins

By: David Shoemaker

David Shoemaker presents a new pluralistic theory of responsibility, based on the idea of quality of will. His approach is motivated by our ambivalence to real-life cases of marginal agency, such as those caused by clinical depression, dementia, scrupulosity, psychopathy, autism, intellectual disability, and poor formative circumstances. Our ambivalent responses suggest that such agents are responsible in some ways but not others. Shoemaker develops a theory to account for our ambivalence, via close examination of several categories of pan-cultural emotional responsibility responses (sentiments) and their appropriateness conditions. The result is three distinct types of responsibility, each with its own set of required capacities: attributability, answerability, and accountability. Attributability is about the having and expressing of various traits of character, and it is the target of a range of aretaic sentiments and emotional practices organized around disdain and admiration. Answerability is about one's capacity to govern one's actions and attitudes by one's evaluative judgments about the worth of various practical reasons, and it is the target of a range of sentiments and emotional practices organized around regret and pride. Accountability is about one's ability to regard others, both evaluatively and emotionally, and it is the target of a range of sentiments and emotional practices organized around anger and gratitude. In Part One of the book, this tripartite theory is developed and defended. In Part Two of the book, the tripartite theory's predictions about specific marginal cases are tested, once certain empirical details about the nature of those agents have been filled in and discussed.

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Page Count

281

Publisher

OUP Oxford

Published Date

ISBN 10

0191024791

ISBN 13

9780191024795

Book's by David Schmidtz

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