This book is written for advanced graduate and undergraduate students to expose them to a variety of strategies for the synthesis of organic compounds. This is done largely within the context of natural products synthesis, but some unnatural products synthesis is also included. Multiple approaches to each group of synthesis targets are presented, and the approaches are compared with one another with an eye on similarities and differences. General problems in organic synthesis (for example, strategies for the preparation of 6-membered rings and 5-membered rings, the importance of oxidation state, the problem of acyclic diastereoselectivity, the problem of controlling absolute stereochemistry, the importance of functional group relationships) are introduced early in the book and revisited throughout the text within the context of a variety of structurally unrelated natural products.The book provides readers with a somewhat historical overview of organic and natural products chemistry, and spans synthetic methodology that dates from the 1940's to the present time. It is written in a style that readers will find entertaining at times. It also contains lots of useful references with complete titles provided.
The more international law, taken as a global answer to global problems, intrudes into domestic legal systems, the more it takes on the role and function of domestic law. This raises a separation of powers question regarding law–making powers. This book considers that specific issue. In contrast to other studies on domestic courts applying international law, its constitutional orientation focuses on the presumptions concerning the distribution of state power. It collects and examines relevant decisions regarding treaties and customary international law from four leading legal systems, the US, the UK, France, and the Netherlands. Those decisions reveal that institutional and conceptual allegiances to constitutional structures render it difficult for courts to see their mandates and powers in terms other than exclusively national. Constitutionalism generates an inevitable dualism between international law and national law, one which cannot necessarily be overcome by express constitutional provisions accommodating international law. Valuable for academics and practitioners in the fields of international and constitutional law.
The second edition of this comprehensive textbook for students of Neuropsychology gives a thorough overview of the complex relationship between brain and behaviour. With an excellent blend of clinical, experimental and theoretical coverage, it draws on the latest research findings from neuroscience, cognitive neuroscience, neurochemistry, clinical neuropsychology and neuropsychology to provide students with new insights in this fast moving field. The book is organised around the main neuropsychological disorders in the areas of perception, executive dysfunction, attention, memory, cerebral asymmetry, language, emotion and consciousness. There is a clear emphasis on bridging the gap between theory and practice with links throughout to clinical issues of both assessment and rehabilitation to build a clear understanding of the application of the theoretical issues. The final section in each chapter illustrates the importance of a more systematic approach to intervention, which takes into account theoretical views of recovery from brain damage. New to this edition: A new chapter format that includes a "basic topic" section, which contains up-to-date essential knowledge of the topic and a "further topics" section for a more advanced treatment of the area. A new section on neuroscientific approaches to rehabilitation in each chapter to make links between scientific knowledge and clinical treatment. A brand new chapter on consciousness A new full colour layout with increased pedagogical features, including key terms, section summaries, ‘study questions’ and improved presentation of figures and brain diagrams A companion website including related weblinks, guidance on answering the ‘study questions’, and flashcards. This book will be invaluable for undergraduate students in Neuropsychology and students who wish to take the subject further to the various clinical fields.
The computing world is in the middle of a revolution: mobile clients and cloud computing have emerged as the dominant paradigms driving programming and hardware innovation. This book focuses on the shift, exploring the ways in which software and technology in the 'cloud' are accessed by cell phones, tablets, laptops, and more
Agrarian Landscapes in Transition researches human interaction with the earth. With hundreds of acres of agricultural land going out of production every day, the introduction, spread, and abandonment of agriculture represents the most pervasive alteration of the Earth's environment for several thousand years. What happens when humans impose their spatial and temporal signatures on ecological regimes, and how does this manipulation affect the earth and nature's desire for equilibrium? Studies were conducted at six Long Term Ecological Research sites within the US, including New England, the Appalachian Mountains, Colorado, Michigan, Kansas, and Arizona. While each site has its own unique agricultural history, patterns emerge that help make sense of how our actions have affected the earth, and how the earth pushes back. The book addresses how human activities influence the spatial and temporal structures of agrarian landscapes, and how this varies over time and across biogeographic regions. It also looks at the ecological and environmental consequences of the resulting structural changes, the human responses to these changes, and how these responses drive further changes in agrarian landscapes. The time frames studied include the ecology of the earth before human interaction, pre-European human interaction during the rise and fall of agricultural land use, and finally the biological and cultural response to the abandonment of farming, due to complete abandonment or a land-use change such as urbanization.
Concise and portable, Braddom's Clinical Handbook of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, by Drs. David X. Cifu and Henry L. Lew, gives you dependable, up-to-date content in a handbook format ideally suited for use at the bedside or in outpatient clinics. This quick reference covers the everyday topics you need – assistive devices and orthoses, spasticity, pediatric, adult, and geriatric care, pain management, outcome measures, and much more – all derived from the most trusted name in the field of PM&R. - Reader-friendly format with succinct, templated chapters for ease of use. - Authoritative content derived from the #1 comprehensive reference in the field: Braddom's Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. - An ideal resource for the entire rehabilitation team as a quick reference or study guide. - Highlights key concepts spanning the full spectrum of rehabilitation medicine to help optimize outcomes for patients with a range of chronic diseases, impairments, and disabilities. - Includes eSlides complied by internationally renowned experts to summarize key teaching points and clinical pearls.
The ESC Textbook of Thrombosis is the third iteration of Therapeutic Advances in Thrombosis. Now a new addition to the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) publications portfolio, it is informed by the work of the ESC's Working Group on Thrombosis. Written by internationally renowned experts in the field of thrombosis, the textbook presents an up-to-date and in-depth review of all aspects of thrombosis and antithrombotic therapies. Not only does it reflect contemporary European guidelines from the ESC but also it also summarizes the latest evidence from clinical trials. Covering the topic in great detail with thirty-one chapters, the textbook is split into four sections: Pathophysiology of thrombosis, Clinical pharmacology of antithrombotic drugs, Therapeutic strategies, and Special situations. Appealing to the large community of cardiovascular healthcare specialists in Europe and across the world, the textbook is a must read for cardiologists dealing with acute and chronic coronary syndromes, atrial fibrillation, artificial heart valves and pulmonary embolism. It will also appeal to cardiac surgeons, cardiovascular researchers, and general physicians alike.
This synthesis report will be of interest to pavement and geotechnical design and research engineers, geologists and engineering geologists, and related laboratory personnel. It describes the current practice for measuring in situ mechanical properties of pavement subgrade soils. The tests conducted to measure the mechanical properties of soil strength and stiffness are the primary topics, and these are discussed in the context of design procedures, factors affecting mechanical properties, and the variability of measurements. Information for the synthesis was collected by surveying U.S., Canadian, and selected European transportation agencies and by conducting a literature search. This TRB report provides information on existing and emerging technologies for static and dynamic, and destructive and nondestructive testing for measuring in situ mechanical properties of pavement subgrade soils. Correlations between in situ and laboratory tests are presented. The effects of existing layers on the measurement of subgrade properties, and soil spatial and seasonal variability are discussed. Most importantly, the use of soil properties in pavement design and evaluation are explained. New applications or improvements to existing test methods to support the use of mechanistic/stochastic-based pavement design procedures are also explained.
Diagnostic Immunohistochemistry presents the latest information and most reliable guidance on immunohistological diagnoses in surgical pathology. David J. Dabbs, MD and other leading experts bring you state-of-the-art coverage on genomic and theranostic applications, molecular anatomic pathology, immunocytology, Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, and more. Additional features such as tables discussing antibody specifications, differential diagnosis boxes, ancillary anatomic molecular diagnostics, and full-color histological images ensure user-friendly coverage that makes key information easy to find and apply. This concise and complete resource is today’s indispensable guide to the effective use of immunohistochemical diagnosis. Discusses diagnostic pitfalls through immunohistologic differential diagnosis wherever appropriate so you can provide the most accurate diagnoses. Presents chapters arranged by organ system for comprehensive coverage of all relevant information in a convenient and intuitive organization. Provides quick reference graphs for antibodies throughout the text that illustrate the frequency of immunostaining for a variety of antibodies in tumors. Includes Key Diagnostic Points boxes in every chapter for a quick summary of text areas that are of particular importance. Features an expert author for each chapter to ensure coverage of the current state of the art. Provides guidance on the role of genomics in identifying genetic and molecular aspects of disease that may affect patient care and therapeutic approaches. Covers theranostic applications to enable you to evaluate therapeutic choices based on immunohistochemical results. Reflects the latest developments in the field through new chapters on molecular anatomic pathology and immunocytology, as well as updated chapters on immunohistology of the prostate, bladder, testis, and kidney and Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Discusses antibody specifications with tables that convey information on uses, clones, vendors, sources, antibody titers, and types of antigen retrieval. Presents key differential diagnoses boxes that provide tabular summaries of DDx and algorithms. Features discussions of ancillary anatomic molecular diagnostics as an adjunct to immunohistochemistry for a more well-rounded diagnostic approach.
Mammals of Africa (MoA) is a series of six volumes which describes, in detail, every currently recognized species of African land mammal. This is the first time that such extensive coverage has ever been attempted, and the volumes incorporate the very latest information and detailed discussion of the morphology, distribution, biology and evolution (including reference to fossil and molecular data) of Africa's mammals. With 1,160 species and 16 orders, Africa has the greatest diversity and abundance of mammals in the world. The reasons for this and the mechanisms behind their evolution are given special attention in the series. Each volume follows the same format, with detailed profiles of every species and higher taxa. The series includes some 660 colour illustrations by Jonathan Kingdon and his many drawings highlight details of morphology and behaviour of the species concerned. Diagrams, schematic details and line drawings of skulls and jaws are by Jonathan Kingdon and Meredith Happold. Every species also includes a detailed distribution map. Extensive references alert readers to more detailed information. Volume I: Introductory Chapters and Afrotheria (352 pages) Volume II: Primates (560 pages) Volume III: Rodents, Hares and Rabbits (784 pages) Volume IV: Hedgehogs, Shrews and Bats (800 pages) Volume V: Carnivores, Pangolins, Equids and Rhinoceroses (560 pages) Volume VI: Pigs, Hippopotamuses, Chevrotain, Giraffes, Deer and Bovids (704 pages)
Making a case for a research-based teaching rationale -- Elements of a research-based rationale -- Developing a research-based rationale -- Implementing your rationale and becoming a mentor
Examines the history of All-Star baseball, providing play-by-plays, rosters, and box scores of each game; and discusses how All-Star games have been influenced by racial integration, expansion teams, and the designated hitter.
This updated edition of Stroke: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management delivers convenient access to the latest research findings and management approaches for cerebrovascular disease. Picking up from where J. P. Mohr and colleagues left off, a new team of editors — Drs. Grotta, Albers, Broderick, Kasner, Lo, Mendelow, Sacco, and Wong — head the sixth edition of this classic text, which is authored by the world’s foremost stroke experts. Comprehensive, expert clinical guidance enables you to recognize the clinical manifestations of stroke, use the latest laboratory and imaging studies to arrive at a diagnosis, and generate an effective medical and surgical treatment plan. Abundant full-color CT images and pathology slides help you make efficient and accurate diagnoses. Data from late-breaking endovascular trials equips you with recent findings. Includes comprehensive coverage of advances in molecular biology of cell death; risk factors and prevention; advances in diagnostics and stroke imaging; and therapeutic options, including a thorough review of thrombolytic agents and emerging data for endovascular therapy. Features brand-new chapters on Intracellular Signaling: Mediators and Protective Responses; The Neurovascular Unit and Responses to Ischemia; Mechanisms of Cerebral Hemorrhage; Stroke Related to Surgery and Other Procedures; Cryptogenic Stroke; and Interventions to Improve Recovery after Stroke. Highlights new information on genetic risk factors; primary prevention of stroke; infectious diseases and stroke; recovery interventions such as robotics, brain stimulation, and telerehabilitation; and trial design. Details advances in diagnostic tests, such as ultrasound, computed tomography (including CT angiography and CT perfusion), MRI (including MR perfusion techniques), and angiography. Includes extracted and highlighted evidence levels. Expert Consult eBook version included with print purchase. This enhanced eBook experience allows you to search all of the text, figures, and references on a variety of devices. The content can also be downloaded to tablets and smart phones for offline use.
Offered in print, online, and downloadable formats, this updated edition of Stroke: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management delivers convenient access to the latest research findings and management approaches for cerebrovascular disease. Picking up from where J. P. Mohr and colleagues left off, a new team of editors - Drs. Grotta, Albers, Broderick, Kasner, Lo, Mendelow, Sacco, and Wong - head the sixth edition of this classic text, which is authored by the world's foremost stroke experts. Comprehensive, expert clinical guidance enables you to recognize the clinical manifestations of stroke, use the latest laboratory and imaging studies to arrive at a diagnosis, and generate an effective medical and surgical treatment plan. Abundant full-color CT images and pathology slides help you make efficient and accurate diagnoses. Data from late-breaking endovascular trials equips you with recent findings. Includes comprehensive coverage of advances in molecular biology of cell death; risk factors and prevention; advances in diagnostics and stroke imaging; and therapeutic options, including a thorough review of thrombolytic agents and emerging data for endovascular therapy. Features brand-new chapters on Intracellular Signaling: Mediators and Protective Responses; The Neurovascular Unit and Responses to Ischemia; Mechanisms of Cerebral Hemorrhage; Stroke Related to Surgery and Other Procedures; Cryptogenic Stroke; and Interventions to Improve Recovery after Stroke. Highlights new information on genetic risk factors; primary prevention of stroke; infectious diseases and stroke; recovery interventions such as robotics, brain stimulation, and telerehabilitation; and trial design. Details advances in diagnostic tests, such as ultrasound, computed tomography (including CT angiography and CT perfusion), MRI (including MR perfusion techniques), and angiography. Includes extracted and highlighted evidence levels. Expert Consult eBook version included with print purchase. This enhanced eBook experience allows you to search all of the text, figures, and references on a variety of devices. The content can also be downloaded to tablets and smart phones for offline use. Combat stroke with the most comprehensive and updated multimedia resource on the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of stroke from leaders in the field
It is difficult to imagine anything more important to the human population than safe drinking water. Lack of clean drinking water is still the major cause of illness and death in young children in developing countries. In more fortunate communities, where water treatment is practiced, the primary aim of water authorities is to provide water that is free from pathogens and toxins. Most countries now have water quality regulations, or guidelines, which are driving water authorities to produce purer water, with the minimum of contamination from natural or man-made origin. At the same time, consumers are demanding that chemicals added during the treatment of drinking water be kept to a minimum. As a consequence, conventional clarification methods are being challenged to comply with the new regulations and restrictions and our understanding of the mechanisms involved is being tested as never before. Interface Science in Drinking Water Treatment contains a rigorous review of water treatment practices from a fundamental viewpoint. The book includes material from leading experts in the field of water treatment, reviewing their specific fields of expertise against a background of colloid and surface chemistry, and examines each step of the journey from source to consumer tap. It therefore permits the reader to develop a deep understanding of the complex processes taking place and of the necessary treatments which are vital for the provision of safe and palatable drinking water. The book is aimed at researchers, educators and practitioners in science and engineering, particularly those involved in water treatment and colloidal chemistry. - Covers all existing water treatment processes, approached from a fundamental surface and colloid science viewpoint - Unique collection of R&D authors, all experts in water treatment processes - Comprehensive review of water treatment with a complete list of references
The most-trusted resource for physiatry knowledge and techniques, Braddom's Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation remains an essential guide for the entire rehabilitation team. With proven science and comprehensive guidance, this medical reference book addresses a range of topics to offer every patient maximum pain relief and optimal return to function. In-depth coverage of the indications for and limitations of axial and peripheral joints through therapies enables mastery of these techniques. Optimize the use of ultrasound in diagnosis and treatment. A chapter covering PM&R in the international community serves to broaden your perspective in the field. Detailed illustrations allow you to gain a clear visual understanding of important concepts. New lead editor - Dr. David Cifu - was selected by Dr. Randall Braddom to retain a consistent and readable format. Additional new authors and editors provide a fresh perspective to this edition. Features comprehensive coverage of the treatment of concussions and military amputees. Includes brand-new information on rehabilitating wounded military personnel, the latest injection techniques, speech/swallowing disorders, head injury rehabilitation, and the rehabilitation of chronic diseases. New chapters on pelvic floor disorders and sensory impairments keep you at the forefront of the field. Reader-friendly design features an updated table of contents and improved chapter approach for an enhanced user experience. Expert Consult eBook version included with purchase. This enhanced eBook experience gives access to the text, figures, over 2,500 references, 51 videos, and 750 self-assessment questions on a variety of devices.
This highly effective guide is designed to help attorneys differentiate expert testimony that is scientifically well-established from authoritative pronouncements that are mainly speculative. Building on the foundation of Jay Ziskin's classic work, this updated text blends the best of previous editions with discussion of positive scientific advances in the field to provide practical guidance for experts and lawyers alike. Major contributors in the field summarize the state of the literature in numerous key areas of the behavioral sciences and law. Working from these foundations, the text provides extensive guidance, tips, and strategies for improving the quality of legal evaluations and testimony, appraising the trustworthiness of experts' opinions, and as follows, bolstering or challenging conclusions in a compelling manner. Distinctive features of this text include detailed coverage of admissibility and Daubert challenges, with unique chapters written by an eminently qualified judge and attorney; hundreds of helpful suggestions covering such topics as forensic evaluations, discovery, and the conduct of depositions and cross-examinations; and two chapters on the use of visuals to enhance communication and persuasiveness, including a unique chapter with over 125 model visuals for cases in psychology and law. More than ever, the sixth edition is an invaluable teaching tool and resource, making it a 'must have' for mental health professionals and attorneys"--
2009 Outstanding Academic Title, Choice This acclaimed textbook is the most comprehensive available in the field of forest ecology. Designed for advanced students of forest science, ecology, and environmental studies, it is also an essential reference for forest ecologists, foresters, and land managers. The authors provide an inclusive survey of boreal, temperate, and tropical forests with an emphasis on ecological concepts across scales that range from global to landscape to microscopic. Situating forests in the context of larger landscapes, they reveal the complex patterns and processes observed in tree-dominated habitats. The updated and expanded second edition covers • Conservation • Ecosystem services • Climate change • Vegetation classification • Disturbance • Species interactions • Self-thinning • Genetics • Soil influences • Productivity • Biogeochemical cycling • Mineralization • Effects of herbivory • Ecosystem stability
Compiled by scholars with unrivalled knowledge of the sources, this dictionary provides biographies of all musicians and instrument makers employed by the English court from 1485-1714. A number of the musicians featured here have never previously received a dictionary entry. Coverage of these minor figures helps to flesh out the picture of musical life in the court in a way which individual studies of more major composers cannot. In addition to basic biographical details, entries feature information on: appointments; probate material; family background; heraldry; signatures and holograph documents; subscriptions to books; bibliographic references. A finding-list of variant names, details of the succession of court places assumed by musicians and an index of subjects and place names completes this comprehensive reference work.
Language is one of our most precious and uniquely human capacities, so it is not surprising that research on its neural substrates has been advancing quite rapidly in recent years. Until now, however, there has not been a single introductory textbook that focuses specifically on this topic. Cognitive Neuroscience of Language fills that gap by providing an up-to-date, wide-ranging, and pedagogically practical survey of the most important developments in the field. It guides students through all of the major areas of investigation, beginning with fundamental aspects of brain structure and function, and then proceeding to cover aphasia syndromes, the perception and production of speech, the processing of language in written and signed modalities, the meanings of words, and the formulation and comprehension of complex expressions, including grammatically inflected words, complete sentences, and entire stories. Drawing heavily on prominent theoretical models, the core chapters illustrate how such frameworks are supported, and sometimes challenged, by experiments employing diverse brain mapping techniques. Although much of the content is inherently challenging and intended primarily for graduate or upper-level undergraduate students, it requires no previous knowledge of either neuroscience or linguistics, defining technical terms and explaining important principles from both disciplines along the way.
A collection of essays tracing the history of the Episcopal Church in Pennsylvania, with emphasis on the greater Philadelphia area. Includes discussions of the diversity of practice and belief within the church, and between the church and the wider national culture"--Provided by publisher.
Textbook of Clinical Neuropsychiatry provides a comprehensive, encyclopedic and up to date coverage of the complete range of neuropsychiatric disorders. The text is clearly written and well organized, utilizing a consistent and easy to read format throughout. Part I describes the diagnostic assessment of patients and details the interview, mental s
Describe how transit agencies, metropolitan planning organizations, and state DOTs can act today to initiate or expand their analytical tools for integrated land use-transportation planning. The Guidelines are intended for the general reader having an interest in the effects of transit on land use. The Guidelines describe currently available integrated models, the characteristics of an "ideal" integrated model, and steps that a planning organization should take in order to support and expand such modeling capability.
Thoroughly updated to reflect the latest advances and technologies, Braddom's Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 6th Edition, remains the market leader in the field of PM&R. For more than 20 years, this bestselling reference has been the go-to resource for the entire rehabilitation team, providing in-depth coverage of essential core principles along with the latest research, technologies, and procedures that enhance patient care and facilitate optimal return to function. In this edition, lead editor Dr. David X. Cifu and his team of expert associate editors and contributing authors employ a more succinct format that emphasizes need-to-know material, incorporating new key summary features, including high-yield information and study sheets for problem-based learning. - Focuses more heavily on rehabilitation, with case studies throughout and more comprehensive coverage of stroke evaluation, rehabilitation, and therapies. - Provides expanded information on key topics such as interventional pain management options, gait and prosthetics, USG, fluoroscopy, electrodiagnosis and more. - Features a new chapter on Occupational Medicine and Vocational Rehabilitation, plus enhanced coverage of the neurogenic bladder, rehabilitation and prosthetic restoration in upper limb amputation, and acute medical conditions including cardiac disease, medical frailty, and renal failure. - Discusses quality and outcome measures for medical rehabilitation, practical aspects of impairment rating and disability determination, integrative medicine in rehabilitation, and assistive technology. - Offers highly illustrated, templated chapters that are easy to navigate without sacrificing coverage of key topics. - Includes access to dozens of even more practical videos and hundreds of integrated self-assessment questions for more effective learning and retention. - Enhanced eBook version included with purchase. Your enhanced eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices.
Covering the full spectrum of rehabilitation after traumatic brain injury, this practical reference by Drs. Blessen C. Eapen and David X. Cifu presents best practices and considerations for numerous patient populations and their unique needs. In an easy-to-read, concise format, it covers the key information you need to guide your treatment plans and help patients relearn critical life skills and regain their independence. - Covers neuroimaging, neurosurgical and critical care management, management of associated complications after TBI, pharmacotherapy, pain management, sports concussion, assistive technologies, and preparing patients for community reintegration. - Discusses special populations, including pediatric, geriatric, and military and veteran patients. - Consolidates today's available information and guidance in this challenging and diverse area into one convenient resource.
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