This book is intended to guide practicing structural engineers familiar with ear lier ACI building codes into more profitable routine designs with the ACI 1995 Building Code (ACI 318-95). Each new ACI Building Code expresses the latest knowledge of reinforced concrete in legal language for safe design application. Beginning in 1956 with the introduction of ultimate strength design, each new code offered better uti lization of high-strength reinforcement and the compressive strength of the con crete itself. Each new code thus permitted more economy as to construction material, but achieved it through more detailed and complicated design calcula tions. In addition to competition requiring independent structural engineers to follow the latest code for economy, it created a professional obligation to fol low the latest code for accepted levels of structural safety. The increasing complexity of codes has encouraged the use of computers for design and has stimulated the development of computer-based handbooks. Before computer software can be successfully used in the structural design of buildings, preliminary sizes of structural elements must be established from handbook tables, estimates, or experienced first guesses for input into the com puter.
Using Kierkegaard's later religious writings as well as his earlier philosophical works, David Gouwens explores this philosopher's religious and theological thought, focusing on human nature, Christ, and Christian discipleship. He helps the reader approach Kierkegaard as someone who both analysed religion and sought to evoke religious dispositions in his readers. Gouwens discusses Kierkegaard's main concerns as a religious and, specifically, Christian thinker, and his treatment of religion using the dialectic of 'becoming Christian', and counters the interpretation of his religious thought as privatistic and asocial. Gouwens appraises both the edifying discourses and the pseudonymous writings, including the particular problems posed by the latter. Between foundationalism and irrationalism, Kierkegaard's ideas are seen to anticipate the end of 'modernity', while standing at the centre of the Christian tradition.
He shows us that Kierkegaard's expressed intent is to provide readers with the opportunity to choose or reject Christ. He explores the question of who Kierkegaard understands Jesus to be and why he believes that faith or history alone cannot answer this question, claiming that history is meaningful only when it is understood from the perspective of "sacred history." Kierkegaard's Livingroom explores what "sacred history" is, why it is so important to us, and why it depends on an incarnate God. Mercer argues that Kierkegaard is not tilting at windmills but responding to Hegel's view of history and Kant's view of faith, showing that Kierkegaard has much to contribute to the debates on liberalism and post-modernism.
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