This beautifully illustrated exploration of the diversity, anatomy, and evolution of dinosaur feeding adaptations is the first and only in-depth look at this crucial aspect of paleoecology. In An Illustrated Guide to Dinosaur Feeding Biology, experts Ali Nabavizadeh and David B. Weishampel bring dinosaurs to life on the page by exploring and illustrating their feeding adaptations. Whether dinosaurs were carnivorous, herbivorous, or omnivorous, their evolution produced a multitude of specialized adaptations that helped shape their ecologies. Dinosaur skulls show a variety of bone and joint specializations ideal for withstanding stresses and strains induced by high bite forces with strong jaw musculature. The bladed, steak-knife dentition of many carnivorous dinosaurs was well-suited for slicing meat and crushing bones, while the leaf-shaped, sometimes tightly packed dentition of many herbivorous dinosaurs was ideal for grinding up a variety of plant material. The first book of its kind, An Illustrated Guide to Dinosaur Feeding Biology is a synthesis of over a century of dinosaur feeding biology research, from the earliest hypotheses in the 1800s to today's studies using advanced techniques. Intended for both researchers and dinosaur enthusiasts alike, this book discusses functional morphological studies highlighting comparative anatomy, tooth wear, muscle reconstruction, and biomechanical analysis using modeling techniques like finite element analysis and multibody dynamics analysis. In addition to the feeding apparatus, Nabavizadeh and Weishampel explore postcranial adaptations and discuss the evolution of dinosaurs and their paleoecology more broadly. Integrating these various factors improves our understanding of dinosaurs as the living beings they were in their ecosystems millions of years ago and ultimately expands our knowledge and perspective of today's ecosystems by framing them in a broader evolutionary context.
This thesis focuses on the dynamics of autonomous Boolean networks, on the basis of Boolean logic functions in continuous time without external clocking. These networks are realized with integrated circuits on an electronic chip as a field programmable gate array (FPGA) with roughly 100,000 logic gates, offering an extremely flexible model system. It allows fast and cheap design cycles and large networks with arbitrary topologies and coupling delays. The author presents pioneering results on theoretical modeling, experimental realization, and selected applications. In this regard, three classes of novel dynamic behavior are investigated: (i) Chaotic Boolean networks are proposed as high-speed physical random number generators with high bit rates. (ii) Networks of periodic Boolean oscillators are home to long-living transient chimera states, i.e., novel patterns of coexisting domains of spatially coherent (synchronized) and incoherent (desynchronized) dynamics. (iii) Excitable networks exhibit cluster synchronization and can be used as fast artificial Boolean neurons whose spiking patterns can be controlled. This work presents the first experimental platform for large complex networks, which will facilitate exciting future developments.
Considerable effort and money are devoted to developing alternative energy sources, such as wind power, solar power, cellulosic ethanol, and biofuels. This ebook is a collection of research papers on alternative energy sources presented at the Economics o
The mathematical theory of control became a ?eld of study half a century ago in attempts to clarify and organize some challenging practical problems and the methods used to solve them. It is known for the breadth of the mathematics it uses and its cross-disciplinary vigor. Its literature, which can befoundinSection93ofMathematicalReviews,wasatonetimedominatedby the theory of linear control systems, which mathematically are described by linear di?erential equations forced by additive control inputs. That theory led to well-regarded numerical and symbolic computational packages for control analysis and design. Nonlinear control problems are also important; in these either the - derlying dynamical system is nonlinear or the controls are applied in a n- additiveway.Thelastfourdecadeshaveseenthedevelopmentoftheoretical work on nonlinear control problems based on di?erential manifold theory, nonlinear analysis, and several other mathematical disciplines. Many of the problems that had been solved in linear control theory, plus others that are new and distinctly nonlinear, have been addressed; some resulting general de?nitions and theorems are adapted in this book to the bilinear case.
Epilepsy care traditionally focuses on seizures, yet for most epilepsy sufferers, other interictal factors such as mood, cognitive abilities, and treatment adverse effects most influence how they feel and function day to day. Epilepsy and the Interictal State is a practical and comprehensive text that covers quality of life issues, cognition and therapy, adverse effects of epilepsy treatments, mood state and psychiatric co-morbidity and general health aspects of epilepsy. Each chapter employs a standard structure providing background, epidemiology, pathophysiology, etiology, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis and further practical advice. From an international team of expert editors and contributors, Epilepsy and the Interictal State is a valuable resource for specialist epileptologists and neurologists, as well as for neurosurgeons, neurology nurses, psychiatrists, family physicians and general practitioners.
This companion to Brenner and Rector's The Kidney offers a state-of-the-art summary of the most recent advances in renal genetics. Molecular and Genetic Basis for Renal Disease provides the nephrologist with a comprehensive look at modern investigative tools in nephrology research today, and reviews the molecular pathophysiology of the nephron as well as the most common genetic and acquired renal diseases. A comprehensive clinical review of Medelian renal disease is also be included. Detailed review of the molecular anatomy and pathophysiology of the nephron that provides relevant basic science to consider when diagnosing and managing patients with these disorders.
MAX Phase Materials are uniquely structured carbide and nitride materials which combine the rigidity, oxidation-resistance and high-temperature strength of ceramic materials with such metallic properties as good machinability, thermal-shock resistance, damage-tolerance and good transport properties. Potential applications include microelectronic layers, coatings for electrical contacts, thermal shock-resistant refractories, high-temperature heating elements, neutron-irradiation resistant nuclear applications, thermal barriers, protective aerospace coatings, and bio-compatible materials. The book reviews theoretical and experimental research up to early 2021 and references 185 original resources with their direct web links for in-depth reading. Keywords: MAX Phase Materials, Rigidity, High-Temperature Strength, Machinability, Microelectronic Layers, Electrical Contact Coatings, Thermal-Shock Resistance, Heating Elements, Neutron-Irradiation Resistant Materials, Thermal Barriers, Bio-compatible Materials.
The essays gathered in this volume contain analyses based on the general action perspective of Chicago sociology and, in particular, on the contributions of Anselm L. Strauss, whose lengthy achievement this volume honors.
It is the most famous home movie of all time, the most closely analyzed 26 seconds of film ever shot, the most disturbing visual record of what many have called “the crime of the century.” In 486 frames—a mere six feet of celluloid—Abraham Zapruder’s iconic film captures from beginning to end the murder of President John F. Kennedy in broad daylight. An essential piece of evidence, the film has become nearly synonymous with the assassination itself and has generated decades of debate among conspiracy theorists and defenders of the Warren Commission’s official report. Until now, however, no scholar has produced a comprehensive book-length study of the film and its relation to the tragic events of November 22, 1963. David Wrone, one of our nation’s foremost authorities on the assassination, re-examines Zapruder’s film with a fresh eye and a deep knowledge of the forensic evidence. He traces the film’s history from its creation on the “grassy knoll” by Dallas dressmaker Zapruder through its initial sale to Life magazine and early reproductions and its analysis by the Warren Commission and countless assassination researchers, licensing by the Zapruder family, legal battles over bootleg copies, and sale to the federal government for sixteen million dollars. Wrone’s major contribution, however, is to demonstrate how a close examination of the film itself necessarily refutes the Warren Commission’s lone-gunman and single-bullet theories. The film, as he reminds us, provides a scientifically precise timeline of events, as well as crucial clues regarding the timing, number, origins, and impact of the shots fired that day. Analyzing the film frame-by-frame in relation to other evidence—including two key photos by Phil Willis and Ike Altgens—he builds a convincing case against the official findings. Without fanfare, he concludes that more than three gunshots were fired from more than one direction and that most likely none were fired by alleged assassin Lee Harvey Oswald. If true, then JFK’s death was the result of a conspiracy, for the Commission’s nonconspiracy conclusion requires a maximum of three shots and one gunman. Wrone, however, does not speculate as to who actually shot JFK or why—or even if Oswald was a part of the conspiracy. In fact, he is no fan of conspiracy-think and is just as critical of the legion of conspiracy theorists as he is of the Warren Commission (which, he reveals, crushed dissent within its own ranks). Doggedly pursuing the evidence wherever it leads, Wrone has produced a meticulous, clear-eyed, and provocative new reading of this remarkable cinematic Rosetta Stone.
Given the evolution of cerebrospinal testing (CSF) testing methods, the near future is certain to see an explosion of new CSF analysis methodologies. Broad-based and extensively illustrated, Cerebrospinal Fluid in Clinical Practice provides in-depth coverage of CSF examination and analysis, CSF physiology and pathophysiology, approach to diagnosis, and future directions in CSF analysis. It examines the alterations of the composition of CSF in relation to diseases and disorders of the nervous system, emphasizing the findings that are useful in clinical practice. This expansive reference is perfect regardless of your level of experience in central nervous system diseases. Provides in-depth coverage of CSF examination and analysis, CSF physiology and pathophysiology, approach to diagnosis, and future directions in CSF analysis. Explores the gamut of all CNS infections for a broad but detailed review of the scope of neurological disease. Contains detailed discussion on the proper use of specific diagnostic screens on CSF, so you may gain knowledge on how new diagnostic methods impact clinical medicine. Incorporates extensive illustrations and tables, with visual emphasis on diagnostic, laboratory, and anatomic data.
Now in vibrant full color throughout, Rogers’ Textbook of Pediatric Intensive Care, 5th Edition, continues its tradition of excellence as the gold standard in the field. For more than 25 years, readers have turned to this comprehensive resource for clear explanations of both the principles underlying pediatric critical care disease and trauma as well as how these principles are applied in clinical practice. In the 5th Edition, more than 250 global contributors bring you completely up to date on today’s understanding, treatments, technologies, and outcomes regarding critical illness in children.
Young Refugees and Forced Displacement is about young Syrian and Iraqi refugees navigating the complex realities of forced displacement in Beirut. It is based on a British Academy funded two-year project with 51 displaced youths aged 8 to 17 and under the care of three local humanitarian organisations. Focus groups, interviews and innovative arts-based methods were used to learn about their everyday lives. At the end of the project, we coproduced with them a public mural, allowing unexpected epistemological and methodological reflections on researching refugees and the "right to opacity." Families and friendships, humanitarian caregiving, racism, discrimination and everyday decencies and civilities make up the stuff of their ordinary, everyday encounters within refugeedom, defining both its sharper edges and its more inadvertent and quietly political ones. Thus, refugeedom, as we conceive it, includes "the humanitarian condition" but goes a little beyond it, to become also a human condition of political alterity. In navigating refugeedom, the young Syrians and Iraqis become sophisticated political and moral actors, using emotional reflexivity as they engage layered subjectivities to define the terms of their own forced displacement. This book will be of interest to policymakers, humanitarian organisations, social science scholars and students working on refugees, displacement, humanitarianism, intimacies and emotions, racism and discrimination. It may also be of interest to displaced youth.
Dinosaurs are fascinating creatures and their popularity seems never ending, fuelled by films such as Jurassic Park and documentaries such as Walking with Dinosaurs. Yet dinosaurs (or more precisely non-avian dinosaurs) last trod the Earth 65 million years ago. All we know of them today are their fossilised bones, the tracks and traces that they left behind and, in very rare instances, some of the soft tissues or even traces of their chemistry. In many respects dinosaurs present us with one of the ultimate forensic challenges: they comprise the fragmentary remains of creatures that died many tens of millions of years ago, rather than just recently, or a few tens of years ago, which is the problem usually faced by forensic pathologists. How much do we really know about them, and to what extent can their remains inform us about ancient worlds, and indeed about the history of our planet? In this Very Short Introduction David Norman discusses how dinosaurs were first discovered and interpreted, and how our understanding of them has changed over the past 200 years. He looks at some of the amazing discoveries that have enabled us to gain new and unexpected insights into dinosaurs as animals with natural histories and behaviours, and considers some of the biggest questions in dinosaur biology, such as the implications of them having warm blood. Norman also shows how research upon dinosaurs has been enriched, particularly in recent decades, by technological break-throughs, which complement the informed speculation and luck which have played a part in many of the major discoveries. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.
This is the first comprehensive treatment of the biology of the Monstersauria in nearly 50 years, during which time our knowledge has increased dramatically. It gives the reader an unprecedented opportunity to understand the evolution, ecology, and behavior of gila monsters and beaded lizards, as well as insights into folklore, venom, and threats to the existence of these fabled animals."--William Cooper, Indiana University-Purdue University at Fort Wayne "Beck is the foremost authority on these animals and has published extensively on them. He provides a highly readable and fascinating summary of their biology."--Jonathan Campbell, author of Venomous Reptiles of Latin America
This book offers an introduction to seventeen key figures in French stagecraft. It is not a systematic study of mise en scène. Readers can consult the sections on individual directors who most interest them. But those who take the study as a whole will also ... find a guide to the changing attitudes and assumptions, the new ideas and controversies, that have shaped the French stage during the last hundred years."--Preface.
Pollinators play a vital role in ecosystem health and are essential to ensuring food security. With declines in both managed and wild pollinator populations in recent years, scientists and regulators have sought answers to this problem and have explored implementing steps to protect pollinator populations now and for the future. Pesticide Risk Assessment for Pollinators focuses on the role pesticides play in impacting bee populations and looks to develop a risk assessment process, along with the data to inform that process, to better assess the potential risks that can accompany the use of pesticide products. Pesticide Risk Assessment for Pollinators opens with two chapters that provide a biological background of both Apis and non-Apis species of pollinators. Chapters then present an overview of the general regulatory risk assessment process and decision-making processes. The book then discusses the core elements of a risk assessment, including exposure estimation, laboratory testing, and field testing. The book concludes with chapters on statistical and modeling tools, and proposed additional research that may be useful in developing the ability to assess the impacts of pesticide use on pollinator populations. Summarizing the current state of the science surrounding risk assessment for Apis and non-Apis species, Pesticide Risk Assessment for Pollinators is a timely work that will be of great use to the environmental science and agricultural research communities. Assesses pesticide risk to native and managed pollinators Summarizes the state of the science in toxicity testing and risk assessment Provides valuable biological overviews of both Apis and non-Apis pollinators Develops a plausible overall risk assessment framework for regulatory decision making Looks towards a globally harmonized approach for pollinator toxicity and risk assessment
Balancing basic science with clinical coverage, this book offers students, residents and practitioners with an understanding of the mechanisms and clinical management of acid-base disorders.
This is the ideal resource for all those requiring an authoritative and up-to-date review of imaging appearances of diseases of the lung, pleura and mediastinum. Chest radiography and CT are integrated with other imaging techniques, including MRI and PET, where appropriate. The clinical and pathologic features of different diseases are provided in varying degrees of detail with more in depth coverage given to rarer and less well understood conditions. A single volume, comprehensive reference text on chest radiology.Provides in a single resource all of the information a generalist in diagnostic radiology needs to know. Concisely and clearly written by a team of 4 internationally recognized authors.Avoids the inconsistency, repetition, and unevenness of coverage that is inherent in multi-contributed books. Multimodality coverage integrated throughout every chapter.All of the applicable imaging modalities are covered in a clinically relevant, diagnostically helpful way. Approximately 3,000 high quality, good-sized images.Provides a complete visual guide that the practitioner can refer to for help in interpretation and diagnosis. Covers both common and uncommon disorders.Provides the user with a single comprehensive resource, no need to consult alternative resources. Access the full text online and download images via Expert Consult Access the latest version of the Fleischner Society's glossary of terms for thoracic imaging. Outlines, summary boxes, key points used throughout.Makes content more accessible by highlighting essential information. Brand new color images to illustrate Functional imaging techniques.Many of the new imaging techniques can provide functional as well as anatomic information. Introduction of a second color throughout in summary boxes in order to better highlight key information. There’s a wealth of key information in the summary boxes—will be highlighted more from the narrative text and will therefore be easier to access. Practical tips on identifying anatomic variants and artefacts in order to avoid diagnostic pitfalls.Many misdiagnoses are the result of basic errors in correlating the anatomic changes seen with imaging to their underlying pathologic processes. Latest techniques in CT, MRI and PET as they relate to thoracic diseases. The pace of development in imaging modalities and new applications/refined techniques in existing modalities continues to drive radiology forward as a specialty. Emphasis on cost-effective image/modality selection.Addresses the hugely important issue of cost-containment by emphasizing which imaging modality is helpful and which is not in any given clinical diagnosis. COPD and Diffuse Lung Disease, Small Airway disease chapters extensively up-dated. Access the full text online and download images via Expert Consult Access the latest version of the Fleischner Society's glossary of terms for thoracic imaging.
Recognized in its first edition as the only textbook to present a truly biopsychosocial approach, Barlow and Durand's groundbreaking text is rapidly becoming the standard by which other texts are judged. In this Second Edition, David Barlow and V. Mark Durand offer a consistent organizational structure that makes the material easy to learn, fascinating real-life cases integrated into the flow of each chapter, a mix of clinical and scientific approaches, a conversational writing style, and a variety of new built-in study aids designed to make the Second Edition easy to learn from and easy to use. Throughout the Second Edition, the authors' class-tested integrative approach helps students understand how each disorder is determined by multiple forces: biological, psychological, cultural, social, familial, and environmental.
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